237
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Evaluation of Human Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Some Edible Oils and Shea Butter in Nigeria

, , , , &
Pages 109-123 | Received 29 Dec 2017, Accepted 13 Jan 2019, Published online: 15 Mar 2019

References

  • G. Tuteja, Chadetrik Rout, and Narsi R. Bishnoi, “Quantification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Leafy and Underground Vegetables: A Case Study around Panipat City, Haryana, India,” Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 4, no. 6 (2011): 611–20.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, L. C. Overah, Godswill O. Tesi, Francisca I. Bassey, and Bice S. Martincigh, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Profiles of Some Brands of Canned Fish in the Nigerian Market,” Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 21, no. 1 (2015a): 157–68.
  • Juan M. Llobet, Gemma Falcó, Ana Bocio, and José L. Domingo, “Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons through Consumption of Edible Marine Species in Catalonia, Spain,” Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 10 (2006): 2493–9.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, H. Agadaga, Francisca I. Bassey, L. C. Overah, Godswill O. Tesi, and Godwin E. Nwajei, “Concentrations and Profiles of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Commercial Brands of Tea-, Coffee-, and Cocoa-based Food Drinks in Nigeria,” International Journal of Food Properties 18, no. 10 (2015b): 2124–33.
  • Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI). Investigation into levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in food on the Irish market (FSAI Surveillance, Food Safety-Chemical, 2006). http://www.fsai.ie/surveillance/food-safety/chemical/PAH_levels.pdf. Accessed 10 November, 2013.
  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), “Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain on a Request from the European Commission on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Food,” The EFSA Journal 724, (2008): 1–114.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Godswill O. Tesi, Francisca I. Bassey, Bice S. Martincigh, Godwin E. Nwajei, and Chidiebere Ucheaga, “Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water-and Gin-based Tea Infusions of Selected Tea Brands in Nigeria,” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 36, no. 4 (2016a): 564–86.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, and Grace Obi, “Distribution, Sources, and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Dust from Urban Environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria,” Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 22, no. 3 (2016): 623–38.
  • Embbey K. Ossai, Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Elizabeth E. Ajogungbe, and Godswill O. Tesi, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Metal Concentrations in Imported Canned Maize,” Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology 3, no. 1 (2014): 53–8.
  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 2018. Agents classifiedby the IARC Monographs (Vol. 1–123) https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/List_of_Classifications.pdf
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Justy N. Edeme, Godswill O. Tesi, Francisca I. Bassey, Bice S. Martincigh, and Godwin E. Nwajei, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Concentrations in Commercially Available Infant Formulae in Nigeria: Estimation of Dietary Intakes and Risk Assessment,” Food and Chemical Toxicology 72 (2014): 221–7.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Ufuoma A. Onyonyewoma, Francisca I. Bassey, Godwin E. Nwajei, and Bice S. Martincigh, “Concentrations and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Brands of Biscuits in the Nigerian Market,” Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal 21, no. 2 (2015): 338–57.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, and Francisca I. Bassey, “Concentrations and Health Hazards of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Selected Commercialbrands of Milk,” Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 7, no. 4 (2013): 177–84.
  • Sabrina Moret, A. Dudine, and Lanfranco S. Conte, “Processing Effects on the Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Content of Grapeseed Oil,” Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 77, no. 12 (2000): 1289–92.
  • Lochan Singh, Jay G. Varshney, and Tripti Agarwal, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons’ Formation and Occurrence in Processed Food,” Food Chemistry 199 (2016): 768–81.
  • Wenceslao Moreda, Maria del C. Pérez-Camino, and Arturo Cert, “Gas and Liquid Chromatography of Hydrocarbons in Edible Vegetable Oils,” Journal of Chromatography. A 936, no. 1–2 (2001): 159–71.
  • Vitor H. Teixeira, Susana Casal, and Maria B. P. P. Oliveira, “PAHs Content in Sunflower, soybean and Virgin Olive Oils: Evaluation in Commercial Samples and during Refining Process,” Food Chemistry 104, no. 1 (2007): 106–12.
  • Alejandro Barranco, Rosa M. Alonso-Salces, A. Bakkali, Luis A. Berrueta, B. Gallo, F. Vicente, and M. Sarobe, “Solid-phase Clean-up in the Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Edible Oils,” Journal of Chromatography A 988, no. 1 (2003): 33–40.
  • Norizah Halim, Ainie Kuntom, and Tan Yew Ai, “Determination of Benzo(a)pyrene in Vegetable Oils,” Journalof Oil Palm Research 19 (2007): 428–34.
  • Giorgia Purcaro, Paul Morrison, Sabrina Moret, Lanfranco S. Conte, and Philip J. Marriott, “Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetable Oils Using Solid-phase Microextraction–Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled with Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry,” Journal of Chromatography A 1161, no. 1–2 (2007): 284–91.
  • Mônica C. R. Camargo, Paula R. Antoniolli, and Eduardo Vicente, “HPLC-FLD Simultaneous Determination of 13 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: validation of an Analytical Procedure for Soybean Oils,” Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 22, no. 7 (2011a): 1354–61.
  • Mohammad A. Hossain, and S. M. Salehuddin, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Edible Oils by Gas Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectroscopy,” Arabian Journal of Chemistry 5 (2012): 391–6.
  • K. Dost, and C. Ideli, “Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Edible Oils and Barbecued Food by HPLC/UV-Visdetection,” Food Chemistry 133, no. 1 (2012): 193–9.
  • Mônica C. R. Camargo, Paula R. Antoniolli, and Eduardo Vicente, “Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Content in Different Stages of Soybean Oils Processing,” Food Chemistry 135 (2012): 937–42.
  • Francis Alarcón, Maria E. Báez, Manuel Bravo, Pablo Richter, Graciela M. Escandar, Alejandro C. Olivieri, and Edwar Fuentes, “Feasibility of the Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Edible Oils via Unfolded Partial Least-squares/residual Bilinearization and Parallel Factor Analysis of Fluorescence Excitation Emission Matrices,”Talanta 103, (2013): 361–70.
  • S. Wu, and W. Yu, “Liquid–liquid Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Four Different Edible Oils from China,” Food Chemistry 134, no. 1 (2012): 597–601.
  • USEPA, “Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. 1: Human Health Evaluation Manual” (EPA/se0/1–89/002, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, DC, 1989).
  • WHO (World Health Organization), “Nigeria: Life Expectancy,” 2014, http://www.who.int/gho/countries/nga/en (accessed May 28, 2018).
  • I. A. Effiong, F. I. Bassey, C. M. A. Iwegbue, O. D. Ekpa, S. A. Williams, F. C. Oguntunde, and B. S. Osabor, V.N.and Martincigh, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Three Commercially Available Fish Species from the Bonny and Cross River Estuaries in the Niger Delta, Nigeria,” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 188, no. 508 (2016): 17. pages,
  • USEPA, “Region 111 Risk-Based Concentration Table, 3rd Quarter” (USEPA, Washington, DC, 1993).
  • John L. Durant, William F. Busby, Arthur L. Lafleur, Bruce W. Penman, and Charles L. Crespi, “Human Cell Mutagenicity of Oxygenated, Nitrated and Unsubstituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Associated with Urban Aerosols,” Mutation Research-Genetic Toxicology 371, no. 3–4 (1996): 123–57.
  • John L. Durant, Arthur L. Lafleur, William F. Busby, Lawrence L. Donhoffner, Bruce W. Penman, and Charles L. Crespi, “Mutagenicity of C24H14 PAH in Human Cells Expressing CYP1A1,” Mutation Research- Genetic Toxicology 446, no. 1 (1999): 1–14.
  • B. K. Larsson, A. T. Eriksson, and M. Cervenka, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude and Deodorized Vegetable Oils,” Journal of American Oil Chemists Society 64 (1987): 367–70.
  • Mônica C. R. Camargo, Paula R. Antoniolli, Eduardo Vicente, and Silvia A. Tfouni, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Brazilian Commercial Soybean Oils and Dietary Exposure,” Food Additives and Contaminants, Part B 4, no. 2 (2011b): 152–9.
  • P. G. Ergönül, and S. Sánchez, “Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Content in Different Types of Olive and Olive Pomace Oils Produced in Turkey and Spain,” European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 115, no. 9 (2013): 1078–84.
  • Karel Cejpek, Jana Hajslová, Vladimir Kocourek, Monika Tomaniová, and Jakub Cmolik, “Changes in PAH Levels during Production of Rapeseed Oil,” Food Additives and Contaminants 15, no. 5 (1998): 563–74.
  • Wenceslao Moreda, Rafael Rodríguez-Acuña, Maria del C. Pérez-Camino, and A. Cert, “Determination of High Molecular Mass Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Refined Olive Pomace and Other Vegetable Oils,” Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 84, no. 13 (2004): 1759–64.
  • European Union. 2011. Commission Regulation (EU) No 835/2011 of 19 August, 2011 amending Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006 as regards maximum levels for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Union, L215/4.
  • Manoj K. Pandey, Krishn K. Mishra, Subhash K. Khanna, and Mukul Das, “Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Commonly Consumed Edible Oils and Their Likely Intake in the Indian Population,” Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society 81, no. 12 (2004): 1131–6.
  • USEPA, “Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant, Data for Use in Fish Advisories, Vol. 1: Fish Sampling and Analysis” 3rd ed. (EPA 823-R-95-0 07, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 2000).
  • Daniela Plachá, Helena Raclavská, Dalibor Matýsek, and Mark H. Rümmeli, “The Polycyclic Aromatichydrocarbon Concentrations in Soils in the Region of Valasske MeziricitheCzech Republic,” Geochemical Transactions 10, no. 1 (2009): 12.
  • Mark B. Yunker, Robie W. Macdonald, Roxanne Vingarzan, Reginald H. Mitchell, Darcy Goyette, and S. Sylvestre, “PAHs in the Fraser River Basin:a Critical Appraisal of PAH Ratios as Indicators of PAH Source and Composition,” Organic Geochemistry 33, no. 4 (2002): 489–515.
  • Zhigang Guo, Tian Lin, Gan Zhang, Limin Hu, and Mei Zheng, “Occurrence and Source of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and n-Alkanes in PM2.5 in the Roadside Environment of a Major City in China,” Journal of Hazardous Materials 170, no. 2–3 (2009): 888–94.
  • Bing Yang, Nandong Xue, Lingli Zhou, Fasheng Li, Xin Cong, Baolu Han, Huiying Li, Yunzhong Yan, and Bo Liu, “Risk Assessment and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Agricultural Soils of Huanghuai Plain, China,” Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 84 (2012): 304–10.
  • H. Budzinski, I. Jones, J. Bellocq, C. Pierard, and P. Garrigues, “Evaluation of Sediment Contamination by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Gironde Estuary,” Marine Chemistry 58, no. 1–2 (1997): 85–97.
  • H. B. Zhang, Y. M. Luo, M. H. Wong, Q. G. Zhao, and Guang L. Zhang, “ Distributions and concentrations of PAHs in Hong Kong soils,” Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) 141, no. 1 (2006): 107–14.
  • Carmen Pies, Burkhad Hoffmann, Jelena Petrowsky, Yi Yang, Thomas A. Ternes, and Thilo Hofmann, “Characterization and Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in River Bank Soils,” Chemosphere 72, no. 10 (2008): 1594–601.
  • W. A. Maher, and Jackie Aislabie, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Nearshore Marine Sediments of Australia,” Science of the Total Environment 112, no. 2–3 (1992): 143–64.
  • E. Gilbert, D. K. Dodoo, F. Okai-Sam, K. Essuman, and E. K. Quagraine, “Characterization and Source Assessment of Heavy Metalsand Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in Sediments of the Fosu Legoon, Ghana,” Journal of EnvironmentalScience and Health, Part A 41, no. 12 (2006): 2747–75.
  • Ye Bixiong, Zhang Zhihuan, and Mao Ting, “Pollution Sources Identification of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons in Soils in Tianjin Area, China,” Chemosphere 64 (2006): 525–34.
  • Godswill O. Tesi, Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Fidelis N. Emuh, and Godwin E. Nwajei, “Ladgo Dam Floods Disaster of 2012: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Assessment of Floodplain Soils, Lower Reaches of River Niger, Nigeria,” Journal of Environment Quality 45, no. 1 (2016): 305–14. 2015.02.0116.
  • S. S. Park, Y. J. Kim, and C. H. Kang, “Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Seoul, Korea,” Atmospheric Environment 36, no. 17 (2002): 2917–24.
  • Barbara Maliszewska-Kordybach, Bożena Smreczak, Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas, and Henryk Terelak, “Monitoring of the Total Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Arable Soils in Poland,” Chemosphere 73, no. 8 (2008): 1284–91.
  • Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue, Grace Obi, Eferhire Aganbi, Jude E. Ogala, Omoleomo O. Omo-Irabor, and Bice S. Martincigh, “Concentrations and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soils of an Urban Environment in the Niger Delta, Nigeria,” Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences 8, no. 3 (2016b): 221–33.
  • Byeong-Kyu Lee, and Trang T. T. Dong, “Toxicity and Sources Assignment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Road Dust from Urban Residential and Industrial Areas in a Typical Industrial City in Korea,” Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 13, no. 1 (2011): 34–42.
  • Salvatore Barreca, Stella Bastone, Eugenio Caponetti, Delia F. Chillura Martino, and Santino Orecchio, “Determination of Selected Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Wood to Establish the Cause of Sinking of an Old Vessel (Scauri Wreck) by Fire,” Microchemical Journal 117, (2014): 116–21.
  • Scientific Committee on Food of EC (SCF). Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on the risksto human health of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsin food (Brussels: Scientific Committee on Food of EC, 2002).
  • David K. Essumang, David K. Dodoo, and Joseph K. Adjei, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in Smoke-cured Fish Products,” Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 27, no. 2 (2012): 128–38.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.