Insilico Insight into the Association between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Human Toll like Receptor in Progression of Esophageal Carcinogenesis

References

• D. M. Parkin, P. Pisani, and J. Ferlay, “Global Cancer Statistics,” CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 49, no. 1 (1999): 33–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Fukata and M. T. Abreu, “Role of Toll-like Receptors in Gastrointestinal Malignancies,” Oncogene 27, no. 2 (2008): 234–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. Roshandel, S. Semnani, R. Malekzadeh, and S. M. Dawsey, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma,” Archives of Iran Medicine 11, (2012): 713–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. D. Freedman, C. C. Abnet, M. F. Leitzmann, T. Mouw, A. F. Subar, A. R. Hollenbeck, and A. Schatzkin, “A Prospective Study of Tobacco, Alcohol, and the Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Subtypes,” American Journal of Epidemiology 165, no. 12 (2007): 1424–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Nasrollahzadeh, F. Kamangar, K. Aghcheli, M. Sotoudeh, F. Islami, C. C. Abnet, R. Shakeri, A. Pourshams, H. A. Marjani, M. Nouraie, et al. “Opium, Tobacco, and Alcohol Use in Relation to Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a High-Risk Area of Iran,” British Journal of Cancer 98, no. 11 (2008): 1857–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farhad Islami, Akram Pourshams, Dariush Nasrollahzadeh, Farin Kamangar, Saman Fahimi, Ramin Shakeri, Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani, Shahin Merat, Homayoon Vahedi, Shahryar Semnani, et al. “Tea Drinking Habits and Oesophageal Cancer in a High Risk Area in Northern Iran: Population Based Case-Control Study,” BMJ (Clinical Research ed.) 338 (2009): b929 []:
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neal D. Freedman, Yikyung Park, Amy F. Subar, Albert R. Hollenbeck, Michael F. Leitzmann, Arthur Schatzkin, and Christian C. Abnet, “Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Esophageal Cancer in a Large Prospective Cohort Study,” International Journal of Cancer 121, no. 12 (2007): 2753–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. D. Mark, Y. L. Qiao, S. M. Dawsey, Y. P. Wu, H. Katki, E. W. Gunter, J. F. Fraumeni, Jr., W. J. Blot, Z. W. Dong, and P. R. Taylor, “Prospective Study of Serum Selenium Levels and Incident Esophageal and Gastric Cancers,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 92, no. 21 (2000): 1753–63.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Philip R. Taylor, You-Lin Qiao, Christian C. Abnet, Sanford M. Dawsey, Chung S. Yang, Elaine W. Gunter, Wen Wang, William J. Blot, Zhi-Wei Dong, Steven D. Mark, et al. “Prospective Study of Serum Vitamin E Levels and Esophageal and Gastric Cancers,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 95, no. 18 (2003): 1414–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wen-Qiang Wei, Christian C. Abnet, You-Lin Qiao, Sanford M. Dawsey, Zhi-Wei Dong, Xiu-Di Sun, Jin-Hu Fan, Elaine W. Gunter, Philip R. Taylor, Steven D. Mark, et al. “Prospective Study of Serum Selenium Concentrations and Esophageal and Gastric Cardia Cancer, Heart Disease, Stroke, and Total Death,” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 79, no. 1 (2004): 80–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farin Kamangar, Paul T. Strickland, Akram Pourshams, Reza Malekzadeh, Paolo Boffetta, Mark J. Roth, Christian C. Abnet, Mitra Saadatian-Elahi, Nasser Rakhshani, Paul Brennan, et al. “High Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons May Contribute to High Risk of Esophageal Cancer in Northeastern Iran,” Anticancer Research 25, no. 1B (2005): 425–8. []
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. J. Roth, W. Guo-Qing, K. J. Lewin, L. Ning, S. M. Dawsey, M. N. Wesley, C. Giffen, X. Yong-Qiang, M. M. Maher, and P. R. Taylor, “Histopathologic Changes Seen in Esophagectomy Specimens from the High-Risk Region of Linxian, China: Potential Clues to an Etiologic Exposure?,” Human Pathology 29, no. 11 (1998): 1294–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Howsam and K. C. Jones, “Sources of PAHs in the Environment,” PAHs and Related Compounds 3 (1998): 137–74.
   Google Scholar
• “Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on the Risks to Human Health of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Food,” European Commission, Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General, Scientific Committee on Food, SCF/CS/CNTM/PAH/29 Final, [SCF] [4 December 2002].
   Google Scholar
• J. Alexander, D. Benford, A. Cockburn, J.P. Cravedi, E. Dogliotti, A. D. Domenico, M. L.Fernández-Cruz, J.F.Gremmels, P. Fürst, C.Galli, et al. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Food -Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain,” The EFSA Journal 724 (2008): 1–114.
   Google Scholar
• M.Mumtaz, J. George, “Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons”, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, (1995): 1–57.
   Google Scholar
• S. O. Baek, R. A. Field, M. E. Goldstone, P. W. Kirk, J. N. Lester, and R. Perry, “A Review of Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Sources, Fate and Behavior,” Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 60, no. 3–4 (1991): 279–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Z. Zhu, Y. Takahashi, T. Amagai, and H. Matsushita, “Highly Sensitive Automatic Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Indoor and Outdoor Air,” Talanta 45, no. 1 (1997): 113–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Fromme, A. Oddoy, M. Piloty, M. Krause, and T. Lahrz, “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons [PAH] and Diesel Engine Emission [Elemental Carbon] inside a Car and a Subway Train,” The Science of the Total Environment 217, no. 1–2 (1998): 165–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. S. Li and Y. S. Ro, “Indoor Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Urban Atmosphere of Taipei,” Atmospheric Environment 34, no. 4 (2000): 611–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. C. C. Lung, M. C. Kao, and S. C. Hu, “Contribution of Incense Burning to Indoor PM10 and Particle-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons under Two Ventilation Conditions,” Indoor Air 13, no. 2 (2003): 194–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Lau, H. Fiedler, O. Hutzinger, K. H. Schwind, and J. Hosseinpour, “Levels of Selected Organic Compounds in Materials for Candle Production and Human Exposure to Candle Emissions,” Chemosphere 34, no. 5–7 (1997): 1623–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey, R. G. "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons," Journal of American Chemical Society 120, no. 34 (1998): 8901–8902.
   Google Scholar
• P. Gerde, B. A. Muggenburg, M. D. Hoover, and R. F. Henderson, “Disposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Respiratory Tract of the Beagle Dog. I. The Alveolar Region,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 121, no. 2 (1993): 313–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P. Gerde, B. A. Muggenburg, P. J. Sabourin, J. R. Harkema, J. A. Hotckiss, M. D. Hoover, and R. F. Henderson, “Disposition of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Respiratory Tract of the Beagle Dog. II. The Conducting Airways,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 121, no. 2 (1993): 319–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• P. Gerde and P. Scholander, “An Experimental Study of the Penetration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons through a Model of the Bronchial Lining Layer,” Environmental Research 48, no. 2 (1989): 287–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Stjernsward, “Effect of Noncarcinogenic and Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons on Antibody-Forming Cells Measured at the Cellular Level inVitro2,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 36 (1966): 1189–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. C. Ward, M. J. Murray, L. D. Lauer, R. V. House, and J. H. Dean, “Persistent Suppression of Humoral and Cell Mediated Immunity in Mice following Exposure to the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene,” International Journal of Immunopharmacology 8, no. 1 (1986): 13–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N. Yusuf, L. Timares, M. D. Seibert, H. Xu, and C. A. Elmets, “Acquired and Innate Immunity to Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons,” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 224, no. 3 (2007): 308–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=GAST.
   Google Scholar
• J. H. Kauppila and K. S. Selander, “Toll-like Receptors in Esophageal Cancer,” Frontiers in Immunology 5 (2014): 200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Wu, Y. Yang, D. Liu, Y. Qi, C. Zhang, J. Zhao, and S. Zhao, “Activation of PPARγ Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Esophageal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting TLR4-Dependent MAPK Pathway,” Oncotarget 7, no. 28 (2016): 44572–82.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• M. Brittan and N. A. Wright, “Gastrointestinal Stem Cells,” The Journal of Pathology 197, no. 4 (2002): 492–509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Gonçalves, Á. R. Cappellari, A. A. dos Santos Junior, F. O. de Marchi, F. S. Macchi, K. H. Antunes, A. P. D. de Souza, and F. B. Morrone, “Effect of LPS on the Viability and Proliferation of Human Oral and Esophageal Cancer Cell Lines,” Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 59 (2016): e16150485.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E. I. Lafferty, S. T. Qureshi, and M. Schnare, “The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Acute and Chronic Lung Inflammation,” Journal of Inflammation (London, England) 7 (2010): 57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. N. Bauer, D. D. Sanchez, and I. Jaspers, “Effects of Air Pollutants on Innate Immunity: The Role of Toll-Like Receptors and Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptors,” The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 129, no. 1 (2012): 14–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• T. Kawai and S. Akira, “Toll-Like Receptor and RIG-I-Like Receptor Signaling,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1143 (2008): 1–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Iwasaki and R. Medzhitov, “Toll-Like Receptor Control of the Adaptive Immuneresponses,” Nature Immunology 5, no. 10 (2004): 987–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Kumar, T. Kawai, and S. Akira, “Pathogen Recognition in the Innate Immune Response,” The Biochemical Journal 420, no. 1 (2009): 1–16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• W. Gao, Y. Xiong, Q. Li, and H. Yang, “Inhibition of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling as a Promising Therapy for Inflammatory Diseases: A Journey from Molecular to Nano Therapeutics,” Frontiers in Physiology 8 (2017): 508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. Takeda and S. Akira, “Toll-Like Receptors in Innate Immunity,” International Immunology 17, no. 1 (2005): 1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W. Su, S. Zha, Y. Wang, W. Shi, G. Xiao, X. Chai, H. Wu, and G. Liu, ““Benzo[a]Pyrene Exposure under Future Ocean Acidification Scenarios Weakens the Immune Responses of Blood Clam, TegillarcaGranosa,” Fish & Shellfish Immunology 63 (2017): 465–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Szczeklik, J. Szczeklik, Z. Galuszka, J. Musial, E. Kolarzyk, and D. Targosz, “Humoral Immunosuppression in Men Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Carcinogens in Polluted Environments,” Environmental Health Perspectives 102, no. 3 (1994): 302–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. T. Wu, C. H. Pan, T. N. Wu, Y. L. Huang, C. Y. Chen, L. H. Huang, and C. K. Ho, “Immunological Findings in a Group of Coke-Oven Workers Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 45 (2003): 1034–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Ran, N. Bhattarai, R. Patel, and L. Volk-Draper, TLR4-Induced Inflammation Is a Key Promoter of Tumor Growth, Vascularization, and Metastasis, Translational Studies on Inflammation (London: IntechOpen, 2019), 1–36.
   Google Scholar
• U. Ohto, N. Yamakawa, S. A. Takamura, K. Miyake, and T. Shimizu, “Structural Analyses of Human Toll-Like Receptor 4 Polymorphisms D299G and T399I*,” The Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, no. 48 (2012): 40611–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. M. Jerina, J. M. Sayer, D. R. Thakker, H. Yagi, W. Levin, A. W. Wood, and A. H. Conney, “Carcinogenicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: The Bay-Region Theory,” The Jerusalem Symposia on Quantum Chemistry and Biochemistry 13 (1980): 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• L. M. Weis, A. M. Rummel, S. J. Masten, J. E. Trosko, and B. L. Upham, “Bay or Baylike Regions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Were Potent Inhibitors of Gap Junctional Intercellular Communication,” Environmental Health Perspectives 106, no. 1 (1998): 17–22. []:
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Ramesh, S. A. Walker, D. B. Hood, M. D. Guillén, K. Schneider, and E. H. Weyand, “Bioavailability and Risk Assessment of Orally Ingested Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,” International Journal of Toxicology 23, no. 5 (2004): 301–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jameson, C. W. “Tumour Site Concordance andMechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Associated Occupational Exposures.” Part 1, chapter 7, IARC Scientific Publications, No. 165. Bookshelf ID: NBK570331, ISBN-13: 978-92-832-2215-6.
   Google Scholar
• S. Janssens and R. Beyaert, “Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Pathogen Recognition,” Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16, no. 4 (2003): 637–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar