A Numerical Study of 3D Turbulent Melt Flow and Solidification in a Direct Chill Slab Caster with an Open-Top Melt Feeding System

REFERENCES

• G. U. Grijn , W. Schneider , S. Ray , and J. O. Marthinusen , Recent Improvements in Ceramic Foam Filter Bowl Design by Coupled Heat, and Fluid Flow Modeling, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 1041–1047, 1999 .
   Google Scholar
• R. Nadella , D. G. Eskin , and L. Katgerman , Role of Grain Refining in Macrosegregation Upon Direct Chill Casting of AA 2024 Round Billet , Mater. Sci. Forum , vols. 519–521 , pp. 1841 – 1846 , 2006 .
   Google Scholar
• Q. Du , D. G. Eskin , and L. Katgerman , Modeling Macrosegregation During Direct-Chill Casting of Multicomponent Aluminum Alloys , Metall. Mater. Trans. A , vol. 38A , pp. 180 – 189 , 2007 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W. K. Jones Jr ., and J. W. Evans , Physical Modeling of the Effects of Non-Symmetric Placement of Flow Control Bags Used in Semi-Continuous Casting of Aluminum, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 1051–1057, 1998 .
   Google Scholar
• C. Raffourt , Y. Fautrelle , J. L. Meyer , and B. Hannart , Liquid Metal Distribution in a Slab DC Casting: Experiments, and Modeling Approach, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 877–882, 1990 .
   Google Scholar
• J. M. Reese , Characterization of the Flow in the Molten Metal Sump During Direct Chill Aluminum Casting , Metall. Mater. Trans. B , vol. 28B , pp. 491 – 499 , 1997 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. Nadella , D. G. Eskin , Q. Du , and L. Katgerman , Macrosegregation in Direct-Chill Casting of Aluminium Alloys , Prog. Mater. Sci. , vol. 53 , pp. 421 – 480 , 2008 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. U. Gruen , and E. D. Vogelsang , Optimum Design of a Distribution Pan for Level Pour Casting, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 1061–1069, 1995 .
   Google Scholar
• E. K. Jensen , Mathematical Model Calculations in Lever Pour DC Casting of Aluminum Extrusion Ingots, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 631–642, 1980 .
   Google Scholar
• J. F. Grandfield , D. G. Eskin , and I. Bainbridge , Direct-Chill Casting of Light Alloys: Science and Technology , John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , Hoboken , NJ , p. 242; p. 334 , 2013 .
   Google Scholar
• M. R. Aboutalebi , M. Hasan , and R. I. L.Guthrie , A Numerical Study of Coupled Turbulent Flow and Solidification for Steel Slab Casters, Numer. Heat Transfer A , vol. 28, pp. 279–298, 1995.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. H. Seyedein , and M. Hasan , Numerical Investigation of Coupled Turbulent Flow, Heat Transfer and Macroscopic Solidification in a Vertical Twin-Roll Caster Thin-Strip Caster , Numer. Heat Transfer A , vol. 32 , pp. 220 – 246 , 1997 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. H. Seyedein and M. Hasan , A Three-Dimensional Simulation of Coupled Turbulent Flow and Macroscopic Solidification Heat Transfer for Continuous Slab Casters , Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol. 40 , pp. 4405 – 4423 , 1997 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. R. Amin and D. Greif , Conjugate Heat Transfer During Two-Phase Solidification Process in a Continuously Moving Metal Using Average Heat Capacity Method , Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol. 42 , pp. 2883 – 2895 , 1999 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. R. Amin , Thermal Analysis During Continuous Casting Process Using Effective Heat Capacity Method , J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer , vol. 14 , no. 2 , pp. 170 – 176 , 2000 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. K. Gartling , NACHOS II – A Finite Element Computer Program for Incompressible Flow Problems, Part I – Theoretical Background, SAND86–1816, UC-32, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• D. Mortensen , A Mathematical Model of the Heat and Fluid Flows in Direct-Chill Casting of Aluminum Sheet Ingots and Billets , Metall. Mater. Trans. B , vol. 30B , pp. 119 – 133 , 1999 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. W. Evans , and W. K. Jones Jr. , Mathematical Modeling in Aluminum Casting, and Molten Metal Treatment, Light Metals, The Minerals Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 669–678, 2002 .
   Google Scholar
• M. R. Amin and A. Mahajan , Modeling of Turbulent Heat Transfer During the Solidification Process of Continuous Castings , J. Mater. Proc. Tech. , vol. 174 , pp. 155 – 166 , 2006 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. Zuidema Jr ., L. Katgerman , I. J. Opstelten , and J. M. Rabenberg , Secondary Cooling in DC Casting: Modeling, and Experimental Results, Light Metals, The Minerals Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 873–878, 2001 .
   Google Scholar
• L. Begum , 3-D Transport Phenomena in Vertical Direct Chill Casting Processes, Ph.D. thesis, Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• V. R. Voller and C. Prakash , A Fixed Grid Numerical Modeling Methodology for Convection-Diffusion Mushy Region Phase-Change Problems , Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol. 30 , pp. 1709 – 1719 , 1987 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. E. Launder and B. I. Sharma , Application of the Energy Dissipation Model of Turbulence to the Calculation of the Flow Near a Spinning Disk , Letters Heat Mass Transfer , vol. 1 , pp. 131 – 138 , 1974 .
   Google Scholar
• C. J. Vreeman and F. P. Incropera , The Effect of Free-Floating Dendrites and Convection on Macrosegregation in Direct Chill Cast Aluminum Alloys Part II: Predictions for Al-Cu and Al-Mg Alloys , Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer , vol. 43 , pp. 687 – 704 , 2000 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. V. Patankar , Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, , 1st ed. , Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Taylor and Francis Group , New York , pp. 88 – 90 ; pp. 126–131 , 1980 .
   Google Scholar
• S. V. Patankar , Numerical Prediction of Three-Dimensional Flows , in B. E. Launder (ed.), Studies in Convection: Theory, Measurement and Applications , Academic Press , New York , vol. 1 , pp. 125 – 127 , 1975 .
   Google Scholar
• H. K. Versteeg , and W. Malalasekera , An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics, The Finite Volume Method, 1st ed., Longman Scientific Technical, Longman Group Ltd., Essex, England, pp. 142–146, 1995 .
   Google Scholar
• W. K. Jones Jr , D. Xu , J. Evans , W. E. Williams , and D. P. Cook , Effects of Combo-Bag Geometry on the Thermal History, and Sump Profile of a 3104 DC Cast Ingot, Light Metals, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 841–845, 1999 .
   Google Scholar
• B. Coates and S. A. Argyropoulos , The Effects of Surface Roughness and Metal Temperature on the Heat-Transfer Coefficient at the Metal Mold Interface, Metall. Mater. Trans. B , vol. 38B, pp. 243–255, 2007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Mortensen , B. R. Henriksen , M. M'Hamidi , and H. G. Fjaer , Coupled Modeling of Air-Gap Formation, and Surface Exudation During Extrusion Ingot DC-Casting, Light Metals, The Minerals Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, pp. 773–779, 2008 .
   Google Scholar
• Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/unht.
   Google Scholar