Numerical simulation of solar wind energy towers

References

• P. Carlson, “Power generation through controlled convection (aeroelectric power generation),” U.S. Patent 3,894,393 A, 1974.
   Google Scholar
• D. Zaslavsky et al., “Sharav Sluices Ltd files patent application for renewable resource hydro/aero-power generation plant and method of generating hydro/aero-power,” U.S. Patent 6,510,687 B1, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• G. Abhinava, N. Swarnkar, S. Behera, and G. Edison, “Creation of artificial downdraft for wind power plant,” International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability, Nagercoil, India, IEEE, pp. 571–576, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• M. Bauer and I. Gasser, “Modeling, asymptotic analysis, and simulation of an energy tower,” SIAM J. Appl. Math., vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 362–381, 2012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. A. Mostafa, “Modeling of densely loaded two-phase flows,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 317–328, 1991.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Jicha, K. C. Karki, and S. V. Patankar, “Numerical analysis of water spray system in the entrance region of a two-dimensional channel using Lagrangian approach,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 1994.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• X.-Q. Chen and J. C. F. Pereira, “Prediction of evaporating spray in anisotropically turbulent gas flow,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 143–162, 1995.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Hallman, M. Scheurlen, and S. Wittig, “Computation of turbulent evaporating sprays: Eulerian versus Lagrangian approach,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, vol. 117, no. 1, pp. 112–119, 1995.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Burger et al., “A combined Eulerian and Lagrangian method for prediction of evaporating sprays,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, vol. 124, no. 3, pp. 481–488, 2002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Kondaraju and J. S. Lee, “Hybrid turbulence modeling of liquid spray impingement on a heated wall with arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian method,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 1059–1079, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• K. Li and L. X. Zhou, “Studies of the effect of spray inlet conditions on the flow and flame structures of ethanol-spray combustion by Large-Eddy simulation,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 44–59, 2012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. V. Nguyen, C. A. J. Fletcher, and J. Y. Tu, “Novel Eulerian formulation for dilute gas-particle flows with an obstruction,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 735–756, 1999.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Nmira, A. Kaiss, J.-L. Consalvi, and B. Porterie, “Predicting fire suppression efficiency using polydisperse water sprays,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 132–156, 2007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. A. Pakhomov and V. I. Terekhov, “Numerical modeling of turbulent flow structure and heat transfer in a droplet-Laden swirling flow in a pipe with a sudden expansion,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part A, vol. 71, no. 7, pp. 721–736, 2017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Moukalled and M. Darwish, “Mixing and evaporation of liquid droplets injected into an air stream flowing at all speed,” Phys. Fluids, vol. 20, no. 4, art. no. 040804, pp. 1–26, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Moukalled and M. Darwish, “Numerical prediction of dispersion and evaporation of liquid sprays in gases flowing at all speed,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part B, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 185–212, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J. B. Greenberg, I. Silverman, and Y. Tambour, “On the origin of spray sectional conservation equations,” Combust. Flame, vol. 93, nos. 1–2, pp. 90–96, 1993.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• F. Laurent, M. Massot, and P. Villedieu, “Eulerian multi-fluid modeling for the numerical simulation of coalescence in polydisperse dense liquid sprays,” J. Comput. Phys., vol. 194, no. 2, pp. 505–543, 2004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. O. Fox, F. Laurent, and M. Massot, “Numerical Simulation of spray coalescence in an Eulerian framework: Direct quadrature method of moments and multi-fluid method,” J. Comput. Phys., vol. 227, no. 6, pp. 3058–3088, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. P. Brown, E. I. Kauppinen, J. K. Jokiniemi, S. G. Rubin, and P. Biswas, “A method of moments based CFD model for polydisperse aerosol flows with strong interphase mass and heat transfer,” Comput. Fluids, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 762–780, 2006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Subramaniam, “Lagrangian-Eulerian methods for multiphase flows,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., vol. 39, pp. 215–245, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Kang and R. K. Strand, “Modeling of simultaneous heat and mass transfer within passive down-draft evaporative cooling (PDEC) towers with spray in FLUENT,” Energy Build., vol. 62, pp. 196–209, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• V. Kalantar, “Numerical simulation of cooling performance of wind tower (Baud-Geer) in hot and Arid region,” Renewable Energy, vol. 34, pp. 246–254, 2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. J. Cook, D. Robinson, K. J. Lomas, N. T. Bowman, and H. Eppel, “Passive downdraught evaporative cooling: II. Airflow modelling,” Indoor Built Environ., vol. 9, pp. 325–334, 2000.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. E. Launder and D. B. Spalding, “The numerical computation of turbulent flows,” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., vol. 3, pp. 269–289, 1974.
   Google Scholar
• ANSYS FLUENT 14.5: Theory Guide, ANSYS Inc.
   Google Scholar
• S. A. Morsi and A. J. Alexander, “An investigation of particle trajectories in two-phase flow systems,” J. Fluid Mech., vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 193–208, 1972.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• R. S. Miller, K. Harstad, and J. Bellan, “Evaluation of equilibrium and non-equilibrium evaporation models for many droplet gas-liquid flow simulations,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1025–1055, 1998.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. S. Sazhin, “Advanced models of fuel droplet heating and evaporation,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., Elsevier Science, vol. 32, pp. 162–214, 2006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W. E. Ranz and W. R. Marshall, Jr., “Evaporation from drops, part I,” Chem. Eng. Prog., vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 141–146, 1952.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• W. E. Ranz and W. R. Marshall, Jr., “Evaporation from drops, part I and part II,” Chem. Eng. Prog., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 173–180, 1952.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. V. Patankar, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow. New York, NY: Hemisphere Publishing, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• F. Moukalled, L. Mangani, and M. Darwish, The Finite Volume Method in Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Advanced Introduction with OpenFOAM® and Matlab®. Switzerland: Springer, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• I. Demirdzic, “On the discretization of the diffusion term in finite-volume continuum mechanics,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part B, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Darwish and F. Moukalled, “A compact procedure for discretization of the anisotropic diffusion operator,” Numer. Heat Transfer, Part B, vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 339–360, 2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. G. Rubin and P. K. Khosla, “Polynomial interpolation method for viscous flow calculations,” J. Comput. Phys., vol. 27, pp. 153–168, 1982.
   Google Scholar
• C. M. Rhie and W. L. Chow, “Numerical study of the turbulent flow past an airfoil with trailing edge separation,” AIAA J., vol. 21, p. 1525, 1983.
   Google Scholar
• S. V. Patankar and D. B. Spalding, “A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 15, pp. 1787–1806, 1972.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ASHRAE, ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook (SI), American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, chapter 6, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• R. Belarbi, C. Ghiaus, and F. Allard, “Modeling of water spray evaporation: Application to passive cooling of buildings,” Sol. Energy, vol. 80, pp. 1540–1552, 2006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Ragheb and A. M. Ragheb, “Wind turbines theory - The Betz equation and optimal rotor tip speed ratio,” in Fundamental and Advanced Topics in Wind Power, R. Carriveau, Ed. Croatia: InTech Publisher, 2011, pp. 19–38.
   Google Scholar
• D. Zaslavsky, U. Wurzburger, A. Einav, and S. Setty, “Energy towers for producing electricity and desalinated water without a collector,” 2001. Available http://www.transnational-renewables.org/Gregor_Czisch/projekte/new_et-brochure_zaslavsky.pdf
   Google Scholar