Chromatographic Data Systems: A Critical Review

References

• Gill , J. M. 1969 . Automation of gas chromatography–concepts, characteristics and impact on future GC instrument design . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 7 : 731
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cotton , J. M. 1969 . Approaches to laboratory data handling systems . Am. Lab. , 1 : 41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Noonan , D. J. and March , E. W. 1971 . Performance characteristics of a new GC data system . Am. Lab. , 20 : 55
   Google Scholar
• Baumann , F. , Brown , A. C. and Mitchell , M. B. 1970 . Chromatography and computer-non-routine GC laboratory applications . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 20
   Google Scholar
• Healy , M. J. R. , Chalmers , R. A. and Watts , W. E. 1973 . Reduction of data from the automated gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of complex extracts from human biological fluids using a digital electronic integrator and an off-line computer programme . J. Chromatogr. , 87 : 365
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilson , W. O. and Price , J. G. W. 1970 . Installation and operation of similar gas chromatography-computer systems in R/D and quality control laboratories . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 31
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hettinger , J. D. , Hubbard , J. R. , Gill , J. M. and Miller , L. A. 1971 . A new computing integrator for chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 9 : 711
   Google Scholar
• Giddings , J. C. 1965 . Dynamics of Chromatography, Part I: Principles and Theory , 20 New York : Marcel Dekker .
   Google Scholar
• Giddings , J. C. 1964 . Gas Chromatography 1964 , Edited by: Goldup , A. Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Vink , H. 1965 . Theory of partition chromatography, III . J. Chromatogr. , 20 : 305
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , L. R. and Kirkland , J. J. 1979 . “ Quantitative and trace analysis ” . In Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography , 2nd ed. , 556 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Janik , A. 1975 . What is the best measure of the detector signal: the peak area or the peak height? . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 13 : 93
   Google Scholar
• Bakalayer , R. and Henry , S. 1976 . Variables affecting precision and accuracy in high performance liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. , 126 : 327
   Google Scholar
• Ball , D. L. , Harris , W. E. and Habgood , H. W. 1968 . Experimental evaluation of indeterminate error in height-width and height only measurements of chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 40 : 129
   Google Scholar
• 1981 . Subcommittee E-19.08 Task Group on Liquid Chromatography for the ASTM, An evaluation of quantitative precision in high performance liquid chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 19 : 338
   Google Scholar
• Pauls , R. E. , McCoy , R. W. , Ziegler , E. R. , Wolf , T. , Fritz , G. T. and Marmion , D. M. 1986 . Results of a cooperative study comparing the precision and accuracy of peak height and area measurements in liquid chromatography. II . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 24 : 273
   Google Scholar
• Kipiniak , W. 1981 . A basic problem – the measurement of height and area . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 19 : 332
   Google Scholar
• Bobba , G. M. and Donaghey , L. F. 1977 . Real time analysis of gas chromatography with a microcomputer system . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 15 : 47
   Google Scholar
• Metzger , H. D. and Radszurveit , K. G. 1972 . Program and system for the evaluation of gas chromatographic analysis . Chromatographia , 5 : 186
   Google Scholar
• Sickenberger , D. W. 1984 . Data acquisition and control system . Am. Lab. , 20 : 70
   Google Scholar
• Tse , R. S. 1985 . An inexpensive chromatographic data system for the Apple II+ . Comput. Chem. , 9 : 317
   Google Scholar
• Smith , R. J. and Lloyd , L. G. 1982 . Microcomputer integration of chromatographic data . IRCS Med. Sci. Biochem. Biomed. Technol. , 10 : 117
   Google Scholar
• Khan , S. A. 1986 . Chromatographic data acquisition and data analysis system. I . Instrum. Comput. , 12 January
   Google Scholar
• Burke , M. F. and Thurman , R. G. 1970 . Use of a dedicated computer for real-time control of gas chromatographic measurement . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 39
   Google Scholar
• Shank , J. T. and Persinger , H. E. 1967 . A precision measuring system for gas chromatography . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 631
   Google Scholar
• Grisham , C. M. , Marquard , F. and Jorgensen , P. L. 1985 . Versatile high performance liquid chromatographic computer system for solvent delivery, gradient control, and data acquisition using the Commodore 64 personal computer . J. Chromatogr. , 333 : 301
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lyne , P. M. and Scott , K. F. 1981 . Commodore 3032 computer controlled chromatography for physicochemical and analytical applications. II. Simple peak integration, kinetics by stopped-flow chromatography and automatic adsorption isotherms . J. Chromatogr. , 19 : 599
   Google Scholar
• Hegedus , L. L. and Petersen , E. E. 1971 . Integration of chromatographic signals by digital computers: an approach for the small chromatographic laboratory where digital computer services are available . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 9 : 551
   Google Scholar
• Giles , I. G. and Gore , M. G. 1983 . Biochemical data processing with microcomputers. II. A basic program for the detection, integration, and area assignment of chromatographic elution profiles . Anal. Chim. Acta , 151 : 123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overton , M. W. , Alber , L. L. and Smith , D. E. 1975 . Time-sharing minicomputer data acquisition-processing system . Anal. Chem. , 47 : 363A
   Google Scholar
• Grushka , E. , Myers , M. N. , Schettler , P. D. and Giddings , J. C. 1969 . Computer characterization of chromatographic peaks by peak height and higher central moments . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 889
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knoll , J. E. and Midgett , M. R. 1982 . The area overlap method for determining adequate chromatographic resolution . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 20 : 221
   Google Scholar
• Kirkland , J. J. , Yau , W. W. , Stoklosa , H. J. and Diiks , C. H. 1977 . Sampling and extra-column effects in high performance liquid chromatography; influence of peak skew on plate count calculations . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 15 : 303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesler , S. P. and Cram , S. P. 1971 . Effect of peak sensing and random noise on the precision and accuracy of statistical moment analyses from digital chromatographic data . Anal. Chem. , 43 : 1922
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yau , W. W. 1977 . Characterizing skewed chromatographic band broadening . Anal. Chem. , 49 : 395
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , D. J. and Walters , R. R. 1984 . Effect of baseline errors on the calculation of statistical moments of tailed chromatographic peaks . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 22 : 353
   Google Scholar
• Yamoaka , K. and Nakagawa , T. 1975 . Moment analysis of non-linear gas chromatography by computer simulation . J. Chromatogr. , 103 : 221
   Google Scholar
• Grushka , E. , Myers , M. N. and Giddings , J. C. 1970 . Moment analysis for the discernment of overlapping chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 42 : 21
   Google Scholar
• Jung , K. H. , Yun , S. J. and Kang , S. H. 1984 . Characterization of peak shape parameters with normal and derivative chromatograms . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 457
   Google Scholar
• Grushka , E. 1972 . Characterization of exponentially modified Gaussian peaks in chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grubner , O. 1971 . Interpretation of asymmetric curves in linear chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 43 : 1934
   Google Scholar
• Foley , J. P. and Dorsey , J. G. 1984 . A review of the exponentially modified gaussian (EMG): evaluation and subsequent calculation of universal data . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 22
   Google Scholar
• Foley , J. P. and Dorsey , J. G. 1983 . Equations for calculation of chromatographic figures of merit for ideal and skewed peaks . Anal. Chem. , 55 : 730
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foley , J. P. 1987 . Equations for chromatographic peak modeling and calculation of peak area . Anal. Chem. , 59 : 1984
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber , W. E. and Carr , P. W. 1981 . Graphical methods for obtaining retention time and number of theoretical plates from tailed chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 53 : 1939
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanggi , D. and Carr , P. W. 1985 . Errors in exponentially modified Gaussian equations in the literature . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 2394
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crisin , T. and Wirtz , R. 1986 . Qualification and validation of hplc systems with CR3a integrator. A BASIC program for direct calculation of important chromatographic data . Chromatographia , 22 : 434
   Google Scholar
• Giddings , J. C. 1963 . Kinetic origin of tailing in chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 35 : 1999
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kucera , E. 1965 . Contribution to the theory of chromatography. Linear non-equilibrium elution chromatography . J. Chromatogr. , 19 : 235
   Google Scholar
• McWilliams , I. G. and Bolton , H. C. 1969 . Instrumental peak distortion. II. Effect of recorder response time . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 1762
   Google Scholar
• Buys , T. S. and de Clerk , K. 1972 . Bi-gaussian fitting of skewed peaks . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1274
   Google Scholar
• Jonsson , J. A. 1980 . Computer simulation of the chromatographic process . Chromatographia , 13 : 273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser , R. D. B. and Suzuki , E. 1966 . Resolution of overlapping absorption bands by least squares procedures . Anal. Chem. , 38 : 1770
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser , R. D. B. and Suzuki , E. 1969 . Resolution of overlapping bands: functions for simulating band shapes . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 37
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chesler , S. N. and Cram , S. P. 1973 . Iterative curve fitting of chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 45 : 1354
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pauls , R. E. and Rogers , L. B. 1977 . Band broadening studies using parameters for an exponentially modified gaussian . Anal. Chem. , 49 : 625
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maynard , V. and Grushka , E. 1972 . Effect of dead volume on efficiency of a gas chromatographic system . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1427
   Google Scholar
• Binsheng , L. , Haochun , L. and Peichang , L. 1986 . A computer-aided algorithm for saving “living” chromatograms in a knowledge base . LC-GC Mag. , 4 : 1206
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , A. H. , Gibb , T. C. and Littlewood , A. B. 1970 . Computer resolution of unresolved convoluted gas-chromatographic peaks . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 640
   Google Scholar
• Mott , S. D. and Grushka , E. 1976 . Chromatographic solute identification using peak shape analysis . J. Chromatogr. , 126 : 191
   Google Scholar
• Li , K. P. and Li , Y. Y. H. 1976 . Rate dependence of statistical moments of chromatographic profile on solvent-solvent interactions . Anal. Chem. , 48 : 77
   Google Scholar
• Lundeen , J. T. and Juvet , R. S. 1981 . Quantitative resolution of severely overlapped chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 53 : 1369
   Google Scholar
• Smit , J. C. , Smit , H. C. and DeJager , E. M. 1980 . Computer implementation of simulation models for nonlinear, non-ideal chromatography. I. Fundamental mathematical considerations . Anal. Chim. Acta , 122 : 1
   Google Scholar
• Smit , J. C. , Smit , H. C. and DeJager , E. M. 1980 . Computer implementation of simulation models for nonlinear, non-ideal chromatography. II. Numerical experiments and results . Anal. Chim. Acta , 122 : 151
   Google Scholar
• Ng , T. L. and Ng , S. 1985 . Computer simulation of abnormal high-performance liquid chromatograms caused by solvents . J. Chromatogr. , 329 : 13
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novak , J. , Petrovic , K. and Wicar , S. 1971 . Efficacy of the corrections applied to the resolution of overlapping chromatographic peaks by the perpendicular drop method . J. Chromatogr. , 55 : 221
   Google Scholar
• Westerberg , A. W. 1969 . Detection and resolution of overlapping peaks for an on-line computer system for gas chromatographs . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 1770
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hancock , H. A. , Dahm , L. E. and Muldoon , J. F. 1970 . A new computer program for the resolution of fused chromatographic peaks . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 57
   Google Scholar
• Proksch , E. , Bruneder , H. and Granzer , V. 1969 . Correction factors for the quantitative evaluation of overlapping gas chromatographic peaks . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 7 : 473
   Google Scholar
• Landowne , R. A. , Morosani , R. W. , Herrmann , R. A. , King , R. M. and Schmus , H. G. 1972 . Computer acquisition and analysis of gas chromatographic data . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1961
   Google Scholar
• Ball , D. L. , Harris , W. E. and Habgood , H. W. 1967 . Errors in manual integration techniques for chromatographic peaks . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 613
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mori , Y. 1972 . A practical quantitative method for unresolving gas chromatographic peaks . J. Chromatogr. , 66 : 9
   Google Scholar
• Delaney , M. F. 1986 . personal communication
   Google Scholar
• Chidester , D. 1987 . personal correspondence, American Cyanamid
   Google Scholar
• Papas , A. 1986 . unpublished data
   Google Scholar
• Digital Equipment Corp. Peak-11 manual, PDP computer systems Maynard, MA
   Google Scholar
• O'Haver , T. C. and Green , G. L. 1976 . Numerical error analysis of derivative spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of mixtures . Anal. Chem. , 48 : 312
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla , S. S. and Rusling , J. F. 1985 . Comparison of methods for numerical differentiation . Trends Anal. Chem. , 4 : 229
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savitzky , A. and Golay , M. J. E. 1964 . Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least squares procedures . Anal. Chem. , 36 : 1627
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kambara , T. and Saitoh , K. 1968 . Derivative gas chromatography applied to the micro-determination of the poorly resolved component . J. Chromatogr. , 35 : 318
   Google Scholar
• Ashley , J. W. and Reilley , C. N. 1965 . De-tailing and sharpening of response peaks in gas chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 37 : 626
   Google Scholar
• Grushka , E. and Monacelli , G. C. 1972 . Slope analysis for recognition and characterization of strongly overlapped chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 484
   Google Scholar
• Butterfield , R. O. , Lancaster , E. B. and Dutton , H. J. 1966 . Analog computer program for resolution of overlapping distribution curves . Sep. Sci. , 1 : 329
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , A. H. , Gibb , T. C. and Littlewood , A. B. 1970 . Computer analysis of unresolved non-Gaussian gas chromatography by curve-fitting . Anal. Chem. , 42 : 434
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladney , H. M. , Dowden , B. F. and Swalen , J. D. 1969 . Computer-assisted gas-liquid chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 41 : 883
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts , S. M. 1972 . Short cut fused peak resolution methods for chromatograms . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 502
   Google Scholar
• Hippe , Z. , Bierowska , A. and Pietryga , T. 1980 . Algorithms for high-level data processing in gas chromatography . Anal. Chim. Acta , 122 : 279
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg , B. 1971 . A numerical method of resolving peak areas in gas chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 9 : 287
   Google Scholar
• Gourlia , J. P. and Bordet , J. 1981 . Fast automatic gas chromatographic analysis with short columns . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 19 : 35
   Google Scholar
• Schreen , P. J. H. , Klous , Z. , Smit , H. C. and Doornbos , D. A. 1985 . A software package for the orthogonal polynomial approximation of analytical signals, including a simulation program for chromatograms and spectra . Anal. Chim. Acta , 171 : 45
   Google Scholar
• Macnaughtan , D. , Rogers , L. B. and Wernimont , G. 1972 . Principal component analysis applied to chromatographic data . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1421
   Google Scholar
• Woodruff , H. B. , Tway , P. C. and Love , L. J. C. 1981 . Factor analysis of mass spectra from partially resolved chromatographic peaks using simulated data . Anal. Chem. , 53 : 81
   Google Scholar
• Frank , I. E. and Kowalski , B. R. 1982 . Chemometrics review . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 232R
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delaney , M. F. 1984 . Chemometrics review . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 128A
   Google Scholar
• Kowalski , B. R. 1986 . Chemometrics review . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 240A
   Google Scholar
• Mauro , D. M. and Delaney , M. F. 1986 . Resolution of infared spectra of mixtures by self-modeling curve resolution using a library of reference spectra with simplex-assisted searching . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 2622
   Google Scholar
• Ramos , L. S. , Burger , J. E. and Kowalski , B. R. 1985 . Third-order chromatography: multivariate analysis of data from parallel-column chromatography with multichannel detection . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 2620
   Google Scholar
• Hieftje , G. M. 1972 . Signal-to-noise enhancement through instrumental techniques. I. Signals, noise, and s/n enhancement in the frequency domain . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 81A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hieftje , G. M. 1972 . Signal-to-noise enhancement through instrumental techniques. II. Signal averaging, boxcar integration, and correlation techniques . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 69A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goedert , M. and Guiochon , G. 1973 . Sources of error in chromatographic analysis. Effect of sampling parameters on the accuracy of numerical measurements . Chromatographia , 6 : 76
   Google Scholar
• Goedert , M. and Guiochon , G. 1973 . Effect of signal noise on the determination of retention time of peak maximum. Computer simulation and experimental study . Chromatographia , 6 : 39
   Google Scholar
• Enke , C. G. and Nieman , T. A. 1976 . Signal-to-noise ratio enhancement by least-squares polynomial smoothing . Anal. Chem. , 48 : 705A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson , M. R. and Dessey , R. E. 1984 . Use and abuse of digital signal processors . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 583
   Google Scholar
• Cram , S. T. , Chesler , S. N. and Brown , A. C. 1976 . Effects of digital filters on chromatographic signals . J. Chromatogr. , 126 : 279
   Google Scholar
• Nevius , T. A. and Pardue , H. L. 1984 . Development and preliminary evaluation of modified Savitzky-Golay smoothing functions . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 2249
   Google Scholar
• Bromba , M. U. and Ziegler , H. 1983 . Digital filter for computationally efficient smoothing of noisy spectra . Anal. Chem. , 55 : 1299
   Google Scholar
• Bromba , M. U. and Ziegler , H. 1984 . Variable filter for digital smoothing and resolution enhancement of noisy spectra . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 2052
   Google Scholar
• Nickolaisen , S. L. and Bialkowski , S. E. 1986 . A least-squares filter for repetitive data acquisition . J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. , 26 : 57
   Google Scholar
• Malczewski , M. L. and Grushka , E. 1981 . Multiple peak recognition in high performance liquid chromatography by fast Fourier transformation . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 19 : 187
   Google Scholar
• Kirmse , D. W. and Westerberg , A. W. 1971 . Resolution enhancement of chromatographic peaks . Anal. Chem. , 43 : 1035
   Google Scholar
• Miscoski , M. F. 1987 . The HP3393A computing integrator . Chromatography , 1 : 49
   Google Scholar
• Laeven , J. M. , Smit , H. C. and Lankelma , J. V. 1984 . A software package for the generation of noise with widely divergent spectral properties . Anal. Chim. Acta , 157 : 373
   Google Scholar
• Synovac , R. E. and Yeung , E. S. 1985 . Improvement of the limit of detection in chromatography by an integration method . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 2162
   Google Scholar
• de Root , G. J. 1985 . Fast Fourier transformation filter program as part of a system for processing chromatographic data with an Apple II microcomputer . Trends Anal. Chem. , 4 : 134
   Google Scholar
• Shukla , S. S. and Rusling , J. F. 1984 . Analyzing chemical data with computers: errors and pitfalls . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 1347A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dessey , R. E. 1985 . The electronic toolbox. II . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 1298A
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , D. , Lawson , D. D. and Havlik , A. J. 1965 . Voltage-to-frequency integrators in gas chromatography . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 303
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , H. W. 1963 . Storage and complete automatic computation of gas chromatographic data . Anal. Chem. , 35 : 521
   Google Scholar
• Sawyer , D. T. and Barr , J. K. 1962 . Evaluation of several integrators for use in gas chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 34 : 1213
   Google Scholar
• Derge , K. 1973 . Eine Ubersicht der bestehenden Systeme fur die Datenerfassung in Chromatographie-Labor . J. Chromatogr. , 77 : 75
   Google Scholar
• Baumann , F. and Tao , F. 1967 . Digital integrators-effect of slope sensitivity, filtering, and baseline correction rate on accuracy . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 621
   Google Scholar
• Karohl , J. G. 1967 . Peak detection logic systems of gas chromatographic integrators . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 627
   Google Scholar
• Janak , J. 1960 . Statistische Auswertung der Messmethoden zur registrierten Differentialkurven in der Gas-Chromatographie . J. Chromatogr. , 3 : 308
   Google Scholar
• Delaney , M. F. 1982 . Systematic errors in manual area measurement of skewed chromatographic peaks . Analyst , 107 : 606
   Google Scholar
• Bohm , Z. 1960 . Ein Analogintegrator zur gaschromatographischen Apparutur . J. Chromatogr. , 3 : 265
   Google Scholar
• Strickler , A. and Gallaway , W. S. 1961 . Analog integration techniques in chromatographic analysis . J. Chromatogr. , 5 : 185
   Google Scholar
• Ouchi , G. I. 1984 . Use your lab pc to handle all of your chromatography data . Res. Dev. , 26 : 150
   Google Scholar
• Rooney , T. 1983 . Increasing productivity in the chromatography laboratory . Am. Lab. , 20 : 55
   Google Scholar
• Blow , A. M. J. and Langford , B. 1983 . A new chromatography data system . Am. Lab. , 20 : 60
   Google Scholar
• Rooney , T. 1987 . A networked computer architecture for enhanced chromatography productivity . Am. Lab. , 21 : 58
   Google Scholar
• Sato , T. , Takimoto , I. , Fujii , S. and O'Neill , O. 1985 . An economical high performance chromatographic data processor . Am. Lab. , 21 : 122
   Google Scholar
• Bilen , L. and Mikkelsen , L. 1983 . Quantitative performance of the HP 3357 for capillary column peaks . Lab. Press Rev. , 2 : 30
   Google Scholar
• Rooney , T. 1983 . Power and economy in a new computing integrator . Lab. Press Rev. , 2 : 37
   Google Scholar
• Andrews , M. 1987 . The Waters 820 chromatography workstation . Chromatographia , 2 : 21
   Google Scholar
• Bruce , G. L. 1987 . The Varian ds-600 multi-channel chromatography data system . Chromatographia , 2 : 29
   Google Scholar
• Rooney , T. 1987 . ChromaStation: the chromatography link to Lotus from Spectra-Physics . Chromatographia , 2 : 43
   Google Scholar
• Andrews , M. and Cotter , R. 1984 . Computerized control and data handling in the hplc laboratory . Am. Lab. , 20 : 32
   Google Scholar
• Day , J. A. 1980 . Evaluation of the Perkin-Elmer sigma 10 data station and comparison with a centralised minicomputer . Analyst , : 697
   Google Scholar
• Tochner , M. , Magnuson , J. A. and Soderman , L. Z. 1969 . Time-sharing – a powerful approach for gas chromatographic data reduction . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 7 : 740
   Google Scholar
• Shaw , P. E. and Miller , J. M. 1983 . Interfacing an Apple computer with a digital integrator for chromatographic data storage and statistical calculations . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 21 : 372
   Google Scholar
• Tivin , F. 1970 . Routine and research compatibility in computer assisted gas chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 13
   Google Scholar
• Raymond , A. J. , Lawrey , D. M. G. and Mayer , T. J. 1970 . Acquisition and processing of gas chromatographic data using a time-shared computer . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 8 : 1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCullough , R. D. 1967 . Gas chromatograph data handling with on-line data acquisition computers . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 5 : 635
   Google Scholar
• Landowne , A. , Morosani , R. W. , Herrmann , R. A. , King , R. M. and Schmus , H. G. 1972 . Computer acquisition and analysis of gas chromatographic data . Anal. Chem. , 44 : 1961
   Google Scholar
• Ziegler , E. and Schomburg , G. 1984 . The application of COLACHROM, a new command language for chromatographic data processing . J. Chromatogr. , 290 : 339
   Google Scholar
• Reese , C. E. 1980 . Chromatographic data acquisition and processing. II. Data manipulation . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 18 : 249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woerlee , E. F. G. and Mol , J. C. 1980 . A real-time gas chromatographic data system for laboratory application . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 18 : 258
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , R. E. 1972 . Trends in chromatographic automation . Chromatographia , 5 : 105
   Google Scholar
• Baumann , F. , Herlicska , E. and Brown , A. C. 1969 . Quantitative evaluation of chromatography by digital computers . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 7 : 680
   Google Scholar
• Leung , A. T. , Rock , J. V. , Henry , R. A. , Derge , K. and McIllwrick , R. 1976 . Effect of microprocessors on traditional chromatographic instrumentation . J. Chromatogr. , 122 : 355
   Google Scholar
• Emery , E. M. 1976 . The role of new generation chromatography automation in industrial research . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 14 : 261
   Google Scholar
• 1984 . Guide to inspection of computerized systems in drug processing . Pharm. Manuf. , March : 39
   Google Scholar
• Kuzel , N. R. 1987 . Quality assurance auditing of computer systems . Pharm. Technol. , February : 34
   Google Scholar
• 1984 . Software quality assurance plans ANSI/IEEE Standard No. 730-
   Google Scholar
• Dunn , R. and Ullman , R. 1982 . Quality Assurance for Computer Software , New York : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Software quality evaluation DOD Standard No. DOD-STD-2168
   Google Scholar
• July 1987 . Software Development Activities July , Tech. Rep. U.S. Food and Drug Administration
   Google Scholar
• 1987 . Quality Control Reports . Gold Sheets , 21 : 6
   Google Scholar
• Dolan , J. W. 1986 . LC user survey: data system problems . LC-GC Mag. , 4 : 620
   Google Scholar
• 1985 . Assistant editor, Managing chromatographic data. Focus . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 1256A
   Google Scholar
• Papas , A. N. and Delaney , M. F. 1987 . Evaluation of chromatographic integrators and data systems . Anal. Chem. , 59 : 54A
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , R. D. 1968 . A peak generator for gas chromatography . J. Gas Chromatogr. , 6 : 43
   Google Scholar
• Hunt , R. J. and Heisz , K. 1986 . Evaluation of results of data processing systems . GIT Fachz. Lab. , 30 : 789
   Google Scholar
• Newcomb , R. 1987 . personal correspondence, Kodak
   Google Scholar
• Eglington , D. 1987 . unpublished data
   Google Scholar
• Papas , A. N. 1981 . unpublished data
   Google Scholar