Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM): Instrumentation and Applications

References

• Weber , G. 1989 . “ From solution spectroscopy to image spectroscopy ” . In Cell Structure and Function by Microspectrofluorometry , Edited by: Kohen , E. and Hirschberg , J. G. New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Uchida , T. and Minami , S. 1991 . Time-resolved fluorescence image spectroscopy . Appl. Fluorescence Technol. , 2 : 25
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , D. L. and Wang , Y.-L. 1989 . Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Cells in Culture , New York : Academic Press . Part B
   Google Scholar
• Tanke , H. J. 1989 . Does light microscopy have a future? . J. Microscopy , 155 : 405
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jovin , T. M. and Arndt-Jovin , D. J. 1989 . Luminescence digital imaging microscopy . Annu. Rev. Biophy. Chem. , 18 : 271
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Menzel , E. R. 1989 . Ion-laser detection of fingerprints grows more powerful. . Laser Focus World , 11 : 89
   Google Scholar
• Tian , R. and Rodgers , M. A.J. 1991 . “ Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy ” . In New Techniques in Optical Microscopy and Spectrophotometry , Edited by: Cherry , R. J. 312 – 351 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Paski , E. F. and Blades , M. W. 1988 . Analysis of inorganic powders by time-wavelength resolved luminescence spectroscopy . Anal. Chem. , 60 : 1224
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkes , P. W. 1988 . “ Photo-electronic image devices ” . In Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics , Vol. 74 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , D. L. and Wang , Y.-L. 1989 . Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Cells in Culture , New York : Academic Press . Part A
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. 1991 . Fundamental Studies on the Time-Resolved Fluorescence Image Spectroscopy , Ph.D. Osaka University, , Japan : dissertation .
   Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. May 1992 . Laser Focus World, Fluorescence lifetime sensing generates cellular images. May , 60
   Google Scholar
• Houseal , T. W. , Bustamante , C. , Stump , R. F. and Maestre , M. F. 1989 . Real-time imaging of single DNA molecules with fluorescence microscopy . Biophys. J. , 56 : 507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathies , R. A. , Peck , K. and Stryer , L. 1990 . Optimization of high-sensitivity fluorescence detection . Anal. Chem. , 62 : 1786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. 1983 . Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cundall , R. B. and Dale , R. E. 1983 . Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Biochemistry and Biology , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Herman , B. 1989 . “ Resonance energy transfer microscopy ” . In Methods in Cell Biology , Edited by: Taylor , D. L. and Wang , Y.-L. Vol. 30 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hiraoka , Y. , Sedat , J. and Agard , D. A. 1990 . Determination of three-dimensional imaging properties of a light microscopy system . Biophys. J. , 57 : 325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , T. and Sheppard , C. 1984 . Theory and Practice of Scanning Microscopy , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pawley , J. B. 1990 . Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bayley , P. M. and Dale , R. E. 1985 . Spectroscopy and the Dynamics of Molecular Biological Systems , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , D. L. , Waggoner , A. , Lanni , F. and Birge , R. 1986 . Applications of Fluorescence in the Biomedical Sciences , New York : Alan R. Liss .
   Google Scholar
• Arndt-Jovin , D. J. , Robert-Nicoud , M. , Kaufman , S. J. and Jovin , T. M. 1985 . Fluorescence digital imaging microscopy in cell biology . Science , 230 : 247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue , S. 1987 . Video Microcopy , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cherry , R. J. 1991 . New Techniques of Optical Microscopy and Microspectroscopy , Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Axelrod , D. 1989 . “ Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy ” . In Fluorescence Microscopy of Living Cells in Culture , Edited by: Taylor , D. L. and Wang , Y.-L. New York : Academic Press . Part B
   Google Scholar
• Pohl , D. W. 1990 . Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy , Edited by: Sheppard , C. and Mulvey , T. London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Betzig , E. and Trautman , J. K. 1992 . Near-field optics: microscopy, spectroscopy, and surface modification beyond the difraction limit . Science , 257 : 189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiGuiseppi , J. , Inman , R. , Ishihara , A. , Jacobson , K. and Herman , B. 1985 . Applications of digitized fluorescence microscopy to problems in cell biology. . BioTechniques , 3 : 394
   Google Scholar
• Diliberto , P. A. , Bernacki , S. H. and Herman , B. 1990 . Interrelationships of platelet-derived growth factor isoform-induced changes in c-fos expression, intracellular free calcium and mitogenesis . J. Cell. Biochem. , 44 : 39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diliberto , P. A. , Gordon , G. and Herman , B. 1991 . Regional and mechanistic differences in platelet-derived growth factor isoform-induced alterations in cytosolic free calcium in porcine vascular smooth muscle cells . J. Biol. Chem. , 266 : 12612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemasters , J. J. , DiGuiseppi , J. , Nieminen , A.-L. and Herman , B. 1987 . Blebbing free Ca2+ and mitochondria membrane potential preceeding cell death in hepatocytes . Nature , 325 : 78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemasters , J. J. , Chacon , E. , Reece , J. M. and Nieminen , A. L. 1992 . “ Laser scanning confocal microscopy of living cells ” . In Optical Microscopy: Emerging Methods and Applications , Edited by: Herman , B. and Lemasters , J. J. 339 – 354 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lockett , S. J. , O'Rand , M. , Rinehart , C. A. , Kaufman , D. G. , Herman , B. and Jacobson , K. 1991 . Automated fluorescence image cytometry: DNA quantification and detection of chlamydial infections . Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. , 13 ( 1 ) : 27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockett , S. J. , Siadat-Pajouh , M. , Jacobson , K. and Herman , B. 1992 . “ Automated fluorescence image cytometry as applied to the diagnosis and understanding of cervical cancer ” . In Optical Microscopy: Emerging Methods and Applications , Edited by: Herman , B. and Lemasters , J. J. 403 – 431 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Florine-Casteel , K. , Lemasters , J. J. and Herman , B. 1991 . Lipid order in hepatocyte plasma membrane blebs during ATP depletion measured by digitized video fluorescence polarization microscopy . FASEB J. , 5 : 2078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Gordon , J. , Lemasters , J. J. and Herman , B. 1992 . Plasma membrane diffusibility during hypoxic injury in rat hepatocytes measured by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching . Biophys. J. , (in preparation)
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Kuo , S. , Lemasters , J. J. and Herman , B. 1993 . Multiple microscopic techniques for the measurements of plasma membrane lipid structure during hypoxia . Opt. Eng. , 32 ( 2 )
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Lemasters , J. J. and Herman , B. 1993 . Plasma membrane architecture during hypoxic injury in rat hepatocytes measured by multiple fluorescent spectroscopic techniques . Bioimaging J. , 1 ( 1,2 )
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Uchida , T. and Minami , S. 1989 . A fluorescence lifetime distribution measurement system based on phase-resolved detection using an image dissector tube . Appl. Spectrosc. , 43 : 840
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Uchida , T. , Coleman , D. M. and Minami , S. 1991 . A two-dimensional fluorescence lifetime imaging system using a gated image intensifier . Appl. Spectrosc. , 45 : 360
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. A. , Szmacinski , H. , Nowaczyk , K. and Johnson , M. L. 1992 . Fluorescence lifetime imaging . Anal. Biochem. , 202 : 316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan , C. G. , Mitchell , A. C. and Murray , J. G. 1992 . In situ fluorescence analysis using nanosecond decay time imaging . Trends Anal. Chem. , 11 ( 1 ) : 32
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clegg , R. M. , Feddersen , B. , Gratton , E. and Jovin , T. M. 1991 . Time resolved imaging microscopy . SPIE Proc. , 1640 : 448
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Kitajima , S. , Uchida , T. , Coleman , D. M. and Minami , S. 1990 . Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy using multichannel photon counting . Appl. Spectrosc. , 44 : 25
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demas , J. N. 1983 . Excited State Lifetime Measurements , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• O'Connor , D. V. and Phillips , D. 1984 . Time Correlated Single Photon Counting , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• McGown , L. B. and Bright , F. V. 1984 . Phase-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy . Anal. Chem. , 56 : 1400A
   Google Scholar
• Morgan , C. G. and Murray , J. G. 1991 . A phase-quadrature correlator for the measurement of fluorescence-decay times by single-photon counting . Chem. Phys. Lett. , 179 ( 3 ) : 211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Uchida , T. , Maeshima , M. and Minami , S. 1991 . Fluorescence pattern analysis based on time-resolved ratio method . Appl. Spectrosc. , 45 : 560
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• vande Ven , M. and Gratton , E. 1992 . “ Time-resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging ” . In Optical Microscopy: Emerging Methods and Applications , Edited by: Herman , B. and Lemasters , J. J. 373 – 402 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. 1991 . Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy , Vol. 1 , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• 1990 . Characteristics and applications of microchannel plates . Hamamatsu, Tech. Manual , RES-0795/April
   Google Scholar
• 1988 . Application of MCP-PMTs to time correlated single photon counting and related procedures . Hamamatsu, Tech. Information , ET-03/June
   Google Scholar
• Chang , M. C. , Courtney , S. H. , Cross , A. J. , Gulotty , R. J. , Petrich , J. W. and Fleming , G. R. 1985 . Time-correlated single photon counting with microchannel plate detectors . Anal. Instr. , 14 : 433
   Google Scholar
• Yamazaki , I. , Tamai , N. , Kuma , H. , Tsuchiya , H. and Oba , K. 1985 . Microchannel-plate photmultiplier applicability to the time-correlated photon-counting method . Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 56 : 1187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwata , T. , Uchida , T. and Minami , S. 1985 . A nanosecond photon-counting fluorimetric system using a modified multichannel vernier chronotron . Appl. Spectrosc. , 39 : 101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , X. F. , Tsuji , T. , Uchida , T. and Minami , S. 1992 . On Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Bio-chemistry III, Multichannel photon-counting fluorimetric system using optical fiber dynamic memory technique . SPIE Proc. , 1640 : 271
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , R. S. , Shimkunas , A. R. and Manger , P. E. Subnanosecond intensifier gating using heavy and mesh cathode underlays . Proc. 19th Int. Congr. High Speed Photo. Photonics .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , R. S. and Trevino , J. Picosecond intensifier gating with a plated webbing cathode underlay . Proc. 19th Int. Congr. High Speed Photo. Photonics .
   Google Scholar
• Ameloot , J. M. , Beechem , J. M. and Brand , L. 1986 . Biophys. Chem. , 23 : 155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berlman , I. B. 1971 . Handbook of Fluorescence Spectra of Aromatic Molecules , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gratton , E. , Jameson , D. M. and Hall , R. D. 1985 . Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. , 13 : 105
   Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. and Cherek , H. 1987 . Biophys. Chem. , 28 : 35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer , R. D. and Weber , G. 1969 . Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , 158 : 361
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. and Berndt , K. W. 1991 . Lifetime-selective fluorescence imaging using an RF phasesensitive camera . Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 62 : 3653
   Google Scholar
• Dovichi , N. J. 1990 . Laser-based micro-chemical analysis . Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 61 : 3653
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marriott , G. , Clegg , R. M. , Arndt-Jovin , D. and Jovin , T. M. 1991 . Time resolved imaging microscopy: phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence imaging . Biophys. J. , 60 : 1374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , T. and Sheppard , C. 1984 . Theory and Practice of Scanning Microscopy , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shaw , P. J. and Rawlins , D. J. 1991 . Three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy . Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. , 56 : 187
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki , K. , Koshioka , M. and Masuhara , H. 1991 . Three-dimensional space- and time-resolved fluorescence microscopy . Appl. Spectrosc. , 45 : 1041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• April 1990 . “ Hamamatsu tentative specification sheet: τMAP-1 ” . In The 2-D measurement and analysis system of photoluminescence intensity and lifetime April ,
   Google Scholar
• Ghiggino , K. P. , Harris , M. R. and Spizzirri , P. 1992 . Fluorescence lifetime measurements using a novel fiber-optic laser scanning confocal microscope . Rev. Sci. Instrum. , 63 : 2999
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piston , D. W. , Sandison , D. R. and Webb , W. W. 1992 . On Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry III, Time-resolved fluorescence imaging and background rejection by two-photon excitation in laser scanning fluorescence microscopy . SPIE Proc. , 1640 : 301
   Google Scholar
• Denk , W. , Strickler , J. H. and Webb , W. W. 1990 . Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy . Science , 248 : 73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan , C. G. , Mitchell , A. C. and Murray , J. G. 1992 . Prospects for confocal imaging based on nanosecond fluoresence decay time . J. Microscopy , 165 : 49
   Google Scholar
• McGown , L. B. 1989 . Fluorescence lifetime filtering . Anal. Chem. , 61 : 839A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stubbs , C. D. and Williams , B. W. 1991 . “ Fluorescence in membrane ” . In Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy , Edited by: Lakowicz , J. R. Vol. 3 , 231 New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Forster , T. 1948 . Ann. Physik. , 2 : 55 and in Modern Quantum Chemistry, Sinanoglu, O., Ed.; Academic Press: New York, 1966; pp 93–137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dewey , T. G. , ed. 1991 . Biophysical and Biochemical Aspects of Fluorescence Spectroscopy , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kubitscheck , U. , Kircheis , M. , Schweitzer-Stenner , R. , Drey bordt , W. , Jovin , T. M. and Pecht , I. 1991 . Fluorescence resonance energy transfer on single living cells: application to binding of monovalent haptens to cell-bound immunoglobulin E . Biophys. J. , 60 : 307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stryer , L. 1978 . Fluorescence energy transfer as a spectroscopic rules . Annu. Rev. Biochem. , 47 : 819
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludwig , M. , Hensel , N. F. and Hartzman , R. 1992 . Calibration of a resonance energy transfer imaging system . Biophys. J. , 61 : 845
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keating , S. M. and Wensel , T. G. 1991 . Nanosecond fluorescence microscopy: emission kinetics of Fura-2 single cells . Biophys. J. , 59 : 186
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. A. , Szmacinski , H. , Nowaczyk , K. and Johnson , M. L. 1992 . Fluorescence lifetime imaging of calcium using Quin-2 . Cell Calcium , 13 : 131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diliberto , P. A. , Periasamy , A. and Herman , B. Distinct oscillations in cytosolic and nuclear free calcium in single intact living cells demonstrated by confocal microscopy . Proc. 49th Annu. Meet. Electron. Micros. Soc. Am. Edited by: Bailey , G. W. pp. 228 CA : San Francisco Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. A. , Szmacinski , H. , Nowaczyk , K. and Johnson , M. L. 1992 . Fluorescence lifetime imaging of free and protein-bound NADH . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 89 : 1271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hibino , M. , Shigemori , M. , Itoh , H. , Nagayama , K. and Kinosita , K. 1991 . Membrane conductance of an electroporated cell analyzed by submicrosecond imaging of transmembrane potential . Biophys. J. , 59 : 209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinosita , K. , Itoh , H. , Ishowata , S. , Hiraro , K. , Nishitaka , T. and Hayakawa , T. 1991 . Dual-view microscopy with a single camera: real-time imaging of molecular orientations and calcium . J. Cell Biol. , 115 ( 1 ) : 67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamandis , E. P. and Christopoulos , T. K. 1992 . “ Detection of Ianthanide chelates and multiple labeling strategies based on time resolved fluorescence ” . In Nonisotopic DNA Probe Techniques , Edited by: Kricka , L. J. 263 – 273 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Seveus , L. , Vaisala , M. and Soini , E. 1992 . Time-resolved fluorescence imaging of europium chelate label in immunohistochemistry and in situ hypbridization . Cytometry , 13 : 329
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kusumi , A. , Tsuji , A. and Onishi , S. I. 1991 . Development of a streak-camera-based time resolved microscope fluorimeter and its application to studies of membrane fusion in single cells . Biochemistry , 30 : 6517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Florine-Casteel , K. , Lemasters , I. I. and Herman , B. 1990 . “ Digitized fluorescence polarization microscopy of DPH and related probes in cell-size vesicles composed of gel- or fluid-phase phosopholipid ” . In Optical Microscopy for Biology , Edited by: Herman , B. and Jacobson , K. 559 New York : Wiley/Liss .
   Google Scholar
• Beckmann , M. P. , Helden , C. , Westermark , B. , Di Marco , E. , Di Fiore , P. P. , Robbins , K. C. and Aaronson , S. A. 1988 . Science. , 241 : 1346
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips , W. J. and Cerione , R. A. 1991 . “ Fluorescence investigations of receptor-mediated processes ” . In Biophysical and Biochemical Aspects of Fluorescence Spectroscopy , Edited by: Dewey , T. G. New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lakowicz , J. R. 1991 . Topics in Fluorescence Spectroscopy , Vol. 1 , New York : Plenum Press . Applications. Techniques; Vol. 2. Principles and Vol. 3
   Google Scholar
• Howie , A. 1989 . Future trends in microscopy . J. Microsc. , 155 : 419
   Google Scholar
• Morrison , L. E. 1992 . “ Detection of energy transfer and fluorescence quenching ” . In Nonisotopic DNA Probe Techniques , Edited by: Kricka , L. J. 312 – 351 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Adams , S. R. , Harootunian , A. T. and Tsien , R. Y. 1991 . Fluorescence ratio imaging of cyclic AMP in single cells . Nature , 349 ( 21 ) : 694
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cardullo , R. A. , Agrawal , S. and Wolf , D. E. 1988 . Detection of nucleic acid hybridization by nonradiative fluorescence resonance energy transfer . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , 85 : 8790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griep , M. A. and McHenry , C. S. 1992 . Fluorescence energy transfer between the primer and β sub-unit of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme . J. Biol. Chem. , 267 ( 5 ) : 3052
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matayoshi , E. D. , Wang , G. T. and Erickson , J. 1990 . Novel fluorogenic substrates for assaying retroviral proteases by resonance energy transfer . Science , 247 : 954
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro , A. B. and McCarty , R. E. 1990 . Substrate binding-induced alteration of nucleotide binding site properties of chloroplast coupling factor I . J. Biol. Chem. , 265 ( 8 ) : 4340
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mittler , R. S. , Rankin , B. M. and Kiener , P. A. 1991 . Physical associations between CD45 and CD4 or CD8 occur as late activition events in antigen receptor-stimulated human T cells . J. Immunology , 147 ( 10 ) : 3434
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar