Chemistry and Reactions of Reactive Oxygen Species in Foods

REFERENCES

• Adams , G. E. and Wardman , P. 1976 . Free radicals in biology: The pulse radiolysis approach 53 – 95 . Chapt 2
   Google Scholar
• Afonso , S. G. , Enriquez de Salamanca , R. and del C Batlle , A. M. 1999 . The photodynamic and non-photodynamic actions of porphyrins . Brazilian J. Med. Biol. Res. , 32 : 255 – 266 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad , R. and Armstrong , D. A. 1984 . The effect of pH and complexation on redox reactions between RS radicals and flavins . Can. J. Chem. , 62 : 171 – 177 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aikens , J. and Dix , J. A. 1991 . Perhydroxy radical (HOO·) initiated lipid peroxidation . J. Biol. Chem , 266 : 15091 [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen , C. and Parks , O. W. 1979 . Photodegradation of riboflavin to lumichrome in milk exposed to sunlight . J. Dairy Sci , 60 : 1038 – 1041 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , R. F. 1983 . Energetics of the one-electron reduction steps of riboflavin, FMN and FAD to their fully reduced forms . Biochim. Biophys. Acta—Bioenergetics. , 722 : 158 – 162 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arudi , R. L. , Sutherland , M. W. and Bielski , B. H.J. 1983 . “ Oxy radicals and their scavenger systems ” . In Molecular aspects , Edited by: Cohen , G. and Greenwald , R. A. Vol 1 , 26 – 31 . New York : Elsevier Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Ashok , B. and Ali , M. 1999 . Aging paradox: Freee radical theory of aging . Exp. Gerontol , 34 : 293 – 303 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athar , M. , Mukhtar , H. Elmets , C. A. 1988 . In situ evidence for the involvement of superoxide anions in cutaneous porphyrin photosensitization . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , 151 : 1054 – 1059 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bartlett , P. D. and Schaap , A. P. 1970 . Stereospecific formation of 1,2-dioxetanes from cis- and trans-diethoxyethylenes by singlet oxygen . J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , 92 : 3223 – 3226 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckwith , A. L.J. , Davies , A. G. , Davison , I. G.E. , MAccoll , A. and Mruzek , M. H. 1989 . The mechanism of the rearrangements of allylic hydroperoxides: 5α-hydroperoxy-3β-hydroxycholest-6-ene and 7α-hydroperoxy-3β-hydroxycholest-5-ene . J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. , II : 815 – 824 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Beutner , S. , Bloedorn , B. Frixel , S. 2001 . Quantitative assessment of antioxidant properties of natural colorants and phytochemicals: Carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols and indigoids. The role of β-carotene in antioxidant functions . J. Sci. Food Agr , 81 : 559 – 568 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bielski , B. J.H. , Arudi , R L. and Sutherland , M. W. 1983 . A study of the reactivity of HO2/O2 − with unsaturated fatty acids . J. Biol. Chem. , 258 : 4759 – 4761 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bielski , B. H.J. and Shiue , G. G. 1979 . Oxygen Free Radicals and Tissue Damage , Ciba Foundation Symposium 65 (New Series) 43 – 56 . New York : Excerpta Medica .
   Google Scholar
• Bisby , R. H. , Morgan , C. G. , Hamblett , I. and Gorman , A. A. 1999 . Quenching of singlet oxygen by trolox C, ascorbate and amino acids: Effects of pH and temperature . J. Phys. Chem , 103 : 7454 – 7459 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowry , V. W. and Stocker , R. 1993 . Tocopherol-mediated peroxidation. The prooxidant effect of vitamin E on the radical-initiated oxidation on human low-density lipoprotein . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 115 : 6029 – 6044 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley , D. G. and Min , D. B. 1992 . Singlet oxygen oxidation of foods . Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr , 31 : 211 – 236 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bucknall , T. , Edwards , H. E. Kemsley , K. G. 1978 . The formation of malonaldehyde in irradiated carbohydrates . Carbohydr. Res , 62 : 49 – 59 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Buettner , G. R. and Hall , T. D. 1987 . Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and singlet oxygen in hematoporphyrin derivative-cysteine, -NADH and –light systems . Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 923 : 501 – 507 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buettner , G. R. and Oberley , L. W. 1980 . The apparent production of superoxide and hydroxy radicals by hematoporphyrin and light as seen by spin-trapping . FEBS Lett , 121 : 161 – 164 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabelli , D. E. and Bielski , B. H.J. 1983 . Kinetics and mechanism for the oxidation of ascorbic acid/ascorbate by HO2/O2-(hydroperoxyl/superoxide) radicals. A pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow photolysis study . J. Phys. Chem , 87 : 1809 – 1812 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chacon , J. N. , McLearie , J. and Sinclair , R. S. 1988 . Singlet oxygen yields and radical contribution in the dye-sensitized photo-oxidation in methanol of esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linolenic and arachidonic) . Photochem. Photobiol , 47 : 647 – 656 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , S-X. and Schopfer , P. 1999 . Hydroxy-radical production in physiological reactions: A novel function of peroxidase . Eur. J. Biochem. , 260 : 726 – 735 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen , Y. , Xu , S. Li , L. 2001 . Active oxygen generation and photo-oxygenation involving temporin (m-THPC) . Dyes and Pigments , 51 : 63 – 69 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Chien , J-T. , Lu , Y. F. , Hu , P. C. and Chen , B. H. 2003 . Cholesterol photooxidation as affected by combination of riboflavin and fatty acid methyl esters . Food Chem , 81 : 421 – 431 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das , K. C. and Das , C. K. 2002 . Curcumin(diferuloylmethane), a singlet oxygen (1O2) quencher . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , 295 : 62 – 66 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker , E. A. 2002 . “ Antioxidant mechanisms ” . In Food Lipids , Edited by: Akoh , C. and Min , D. B. 517 – 542 . New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc. . by components of media used for isolating chloroplasts and studying C.
   Google Scholar
• Denu , J. M. and Tanner , K. G. 1998 . Specific and reversible inactivation of protein tyrosine phosphatases by hydrogen peroxide: Evidence for sulfenic acid intermediate and implications for redox regulation . Biochem , 37 : 5633 – 5642 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devasagayam , T. P.A. , Werner , T. Ippendorf , H. 1992 . Synthetic carotenoids, novel polyene polyketones and new capsorubin isomers as efficient quenchers of singlet molecular oxygen . Photochem. Photobiol , 55 : 511 – 514 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doleiden , F. H. , Farenholtz , S. R. , Lamola , A. A. and Trozzolo , A. M. 1974 . Reactivity of cholesterol and some fatty acids toward singlet oxygen . Photochem. Photobiol , 20 : 519 – 521 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egorov , S. Y. and Krasnovsky , A. A. 1986 . Quenching of singlet molecular oxygen photosynthetic activity . Fiziologiya Rastenii (Moscow). , 33 : 10 – 14 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Foote , C. S. 1976 . “ Photosensitized oxidation and singlet oxygen: Consequences in biological systems ” . In Free Radicals in Biology , Edited by: Pryor , W. A. Vol II , 85 – 133 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Foote , C. S. 1978 . “ Mechanisms of photo-oxidation ” . In Singlet oxygen , Edited by: Ranby , B. and Rabek , J. F. 135 – 146 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Foote , C. S. 1991 . Definition of type I and type II photosensitized oxidation . Photochem. Photobiol , 54 : 659 – 665 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foote , C. S. and Denny , R. W. 1968 . Chemistry of singlet oxygen. VII. Quenching by β-carotene . J. Amer. Chem. Soc , 90 : 6233 – 6235 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foreman , J. , Demidchik , V. Bothwell , J. H.F. 2003 . Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase regulate plant cell growth . Nature , 422 : 442 – 446 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fridovich , I. 1986 . Biological effects of the superoxide radical . Arch. Biochem. Biophys , 247 : 1 – 11 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girotti , A. W. 1998 . Lipid hydroperoxide generation, turnover, and effector action in biological systems . J. Lipid. Res , 39 : 1529 – 1542 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girotti , A. W. and Korytowski , W. 2000 . “ Cholesterol as a singlet oxygen detector in biological systems ” . In Methods in Enzymology , Edited by: Packer , L. and Sies , H. Volume 319 , 85 – 100 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gollnick , K. 1978 . “ Mechanism and kinetics of chemical reactions of singlet oxygen with organic compounds ” . In Singlet Oxygen , Edited by: Ranby , B. and Rabek , J. F. 111 – 134 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez , I. , Criado , S. , Bertolotti , S. and Garcia , N. A. 2001 . Dark and photoinduced interactions between Trolox, a polar-solvent-soluble model for vitamin E and riboflavin . J. Photochem. Photobiol., B: Biol. , 62 : 133 – 139 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliwell , B. and Gutteridge , J. M.C. 2001 . Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine , 3rd Ed. , New York : Oxford University Press Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Harriman , A. 1987 . Further comments on the redox potentials of tryptophan and tyrosine . J. Phys. Chem , 91 : 6102 – 6104 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasegawa , H. 1992 . Vitamin D determination using high-performance liquid chromatography with internal standard—-redox mode electrochemical detection and its application to medical nutritional products . J. Chrom , 605 : 215 – 220 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haseloff , R. F. and Ebert , B. 1989 . Generation of free radicals by photoexcitation of pheophorbide a, haematoporphyrin and protoporphyrin . J. Photochem. Photobiol. B: Biol , 3 : 593 – 602 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heaton , F. W. and Uri , N. 1961 . The aerobic oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and their esters. Cobalt stearate-catalyzed oxidation of linoleic acid . J. Lipid. Res , 2 : 152 – 160 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson , L. M. and Chappell , J. B. 1996 . NADPH oxidase of neutrophils . Biochim. Biophys. Acta , 1273 : 87 – 107 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hiatt , R. , Mill , T. Irwin , K. C. 1968 . Homolytic decomposition of hydroperoxides . J. Org. Chem , 33 : 1416 – 1441 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho , C. T. , Smagula , M. S. and Chang , S. S. 1978 . The synthesis of 2-(1-pentenyl) furan and its relationship to the reversion flavor of soybean oil . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc , 55 : 233 – 237 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman , M. Z. and Hayon , E. 1973 . Pulse radiolysis study of sulfhydryl compounds in aqueous solution . J. Phys. Chem , 77 : 990 – 996 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu , P. C. and Chen , B. H. 2002 . Effects of riboflavin and fatty acid methyl esters on cholesterol oxidation during illumination . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 50 : 3572 – 3578 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hu , Y-Z. and Jiang , L-J. 1996 . Generation of semiquinone radical anion and reactive oxygen (1O2, −O2·, and …OH) during the photosensitization of a water-soluble perylenequinone derivative . J. Photochem. Photobiol , 33 : 51 – 59 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Iannone , A. , Rota , C. Bergamini , S. 1998 . Antioxidant activity of carotenoids: An electron-spin resonance study on β-carotene and lutein interaction with free radicals generated in a chemical system . J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. , 12 : 299 – 304 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingold , K. U. , Paul , T. , Young , M. J. and Doiron , L. 1997 . Invention of the first azo compound to serve as a superoxide thermal source under physiological conditions: Concept, synthesis, and chemical properties . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 119 : 12364 – 12365 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iuliano , L. , Pedersen , J. Z. Rotilio , G. 1995 . A potent chain-breaking antioxidant activity of the cardiovascular drug dipyridamole . Free Rad. Biol. Med , 18 : 239 – 247 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobien , K. , von Frijtag , D. K. , van der Zee , J. and Ad , P. L. 1996 . Radical scavenging properties of adenosine and derivatives in vitro . Drug Development Res. , 37 : 48 – 54 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Jadhav , S. J. , Nimbalkar , S. S. , Kulkarni , A. D. and Madhavi , D. L. 1996 . “ Lipid oxidation in biological and food systems ” . In Food Antioxidants , Edited by: Madhavi , D. L. , Deshpande , S. S. and Salunkhe , D. K. 5 – 63 . New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Jeevarajan , J. A. and Kispert , L. D. 1996 . Electrochemical oxidation of carotenoids containing donor/acceptor substituents . J. Electroanal Chem. , 411 : 57 – 66 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jefford , C. W. , Boschung , A. F. and Rimbault , C. G. 1978 . “ Formation of dioxetanes and related species ” . In Singlet oxygen , Edited by: Ranby , B. and Rabek , J. F. 182 – 185 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Jung , M. Y. , Kim , S. K. and Kim , S. Y. 1995 . Riboflavin-sensitized photoxidation of ascorbic acid: Kinetics and amino acid effects . Food Chem , 53 : 397 – 403 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Jung , M. Y. , Yoon , S. H. , Lee , H. O. and Min , D. B. 1998 . Singlet oxygen and ascorbic acid effects on dimethyl disulfide and off-flavor in skim milk exposed to light . J. Food Sci. , 63 : 408 – 412 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamal-Eldin , A. and Appelqvist , L. A. 1996 . The chemistry and antioxidant properties of tocopherols and tocotrienols . Lipids , 31 : 671 – 701 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellogg , E. W. and Fridovich , I. 1975 . Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and singlet oxygen in lipid peroxidation by a xanthine oxidase system . J. Biol. Chem , 250 : 8812 – 8817 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King , J. M. and Min , D. B. 1998 . Riboflavin photosensitized singlet oxygen oxidation of vitamin D . J. Food Sci , 63 : 31 – 34 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King , J. M. and Min , D. B. 2002 . Riboflavin-photosentitized singlet oxygen oxidation product of vitamin D2 . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc , 79 : 983 – 987 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kishore , K. , Moorthy , P. N. and Guha , S. N. 1991 . Pulse radiolysis study of one electron oxidation of riboflavin . Radiat. Phys. Chem , 38 : 119 – 125 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Kochevar , I. E. and Redmond , R. W. 2000 . Photosensitized production of singlet oxygen . Methods in Enzymology , 319 : 20 – 28 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koppenol , W. H. 1990 . Oxyradical reactions: From bond-dissociation energies to reduction potentials . FEBS Lett , 264 : 165 – 167 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korycka-Dahl , M. B. and Richardson , T. 1978 . Activated oxygen species and oxidation of food constituents . Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr , 10 : 209 – 240 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krasnovsky , A. A. Jr , Kagan , V. E. and Minin , A. A. 1983 . Quenching of singlet oxygen luminescence by fatty acids and lipids, Contribution of physical and chemical mechanisms . FEBS Lett. , 155 : 233 – 236 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruk , J. , Lichszteld , K. , Michalska , T. and Paraskevas , S. M. 1992 . The influence of some biological antioxidants on the light emission from the oxytetracycline oxidation reaction . Toxicol. Environ. Chem. , 35 : 167 – 173 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , J. , Koo , N. and Min , D. B. 2004 . Reactive oxygen species, aging, and antioxidant nutraceuticals . Comp. Rev. Food Sci. Food Safety , 3 : 21 – 33 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , J. , Min , S. , Lee , E. C. and Min , D. B. 2003 . Formation of volatile compounds in soy flour by singlet oxygen oxidation during storage under light . J. Food Sci , 68 : 1933 – 1937 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Lee , S-H. and Min , D. B. 1991 . Effects, quenching mechanisms, and kinetics of nickel chelates in singlet oxygen oxidation of soybean oil . J. Agric. Food Chem , 39 : 642 – 646 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Levine , R. L. and Stadtman , E. R. 2001 . Oxidative modification of proteins during aging . Experimental Gerontol , 36 : 1495 – 1502 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , T. L. and Min , D. B. 1998 . Stability and photochemistry of vitamin D2 in model systems . J. Food Sci , 63 : 413 – 417 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Li , T. L. , King , J. M. and Min , D. B. 2000 . Quenching mechanisms and kinetics of carotenoids in riboflavin photosensitized singlet oxygen oxidation of vitamin D2 . J. Food Biochem , 24 : 477 – 492 . [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long , C. A. and Kearns , D. R. 1975 . Radiationless decay of singlet molecular oxygen in solution. II. Temperature dependence and solvent effects . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 97 : 2018 – 2020 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Lu , C. Y. , Wang , W .F Lin , W. Z. 1999 . Generation and photosensitization properties of the oxidized radical of riboflavin: A laser flash photolysis study . J. Photochem. Photobiol , 52 : 111 – 116 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Maniere , F. Y. and Dimick , P. S. 1976 . Effect of fluorescent light on repartition of riboflavin content in homogenized milk . J. Dairy Sci , 59 : 2019 – 2022 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Martinez , J. and Moreno , J. J. 1996 . Influence of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide on arachidonic acid mobilization . Arch. Biochem. Biophys , 336 : 191 – 198 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Masuda , T. , Nakano , S. and Kondo , M. 1973 . Rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals with the enzyme proteins as determined by the p-nitrosodimethylaniline method . J. Radiat. Res , 14 : 339 – 345 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mazur , S. and Foote , C. S. 1970 . Chemistry of singlet oxygen. IX. A stable dioxetane from photooxygenation of tetramethoxyethylene . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 92 : 3225 – 3226 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Merkel , P. B. and Kearns , D. R. 1972 . Radiationless decay of singlet molecular oxygen in solution. An experimental and theoretical study of electronic to vibrational energy transfer . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 94 : 7244 – 7253 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michaeli , A. and Feitelson , J. 1994 . Reactivity of singlet oxygen toward amino acids and peptides . Photochem. Photobiol , 59 : 284 – 289 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Min , D. B. and Boff , J. M. 2002 . “ Lipid oxidation of edible oil ” . In Food Lipids , Edited by: Akoh , C. C. and Min , D. B. 335 – 364 . New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Min , D. B. and Choe , E. O. 2002 . Effects of singlet oxygen oxidation on the flavor of foods and stability of vitamins . Food Sci. Biotechnol. , 11 : 582 – 586 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Min , D. B. , Callison , A. L. and Lee , H. O. 2003 . Singlet oxygen oxidation for 2-pentylfuran and 2-pentenylfuran formation in soybean oil . J. Food Sci , 68 : 1175 – 1178 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Moore , J. S. , Kemsley , K. G. , Davies , J. V. and Phillips , G. O. 1979 . Radiation Biology and Chemistry. Research Developments , Edited by: Edwards , H. E. , Navaratnam , S. , Parsons , B. J. and Phillips , G. O. 99 – 113 . New York : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Mothilal , K. K. , Johnson , I. J. Colin , F. C. 2004 . Photosensitization with naphthoquinones and binaphthoquinones: EPR spin trapping and optical studies-formation of semiquinone radical and reactive oxygen species on photoillumination . J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem , 163 : 141 – 148 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Motohashi , N. and Saito , Y. 1993 . Competitive measurement of rate constants for Hydroxy Radical Reactions Using Radiolytic Hydroxylation of Benzoate . Chem. Pharm. Bull , 41 : 1842 – 1845 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Mukai , K. , Daifuku , K. Okabe , K. 1991 . Structure-activity relationship in the quenching reaction of singlet oxygen by tocopherol (vitamin E) derivatives and related phenols. Finding of linear correlation between the rates of quenching of singlet oxygen and scavenging of peroxyl and phenoxyl radicals in solution . J. Org. Chem , 56 : 4188 – 4192 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozawa , N. , Yamazaki , S. Chiba , K. 1991 . Occurrence of cholesterol 7α- and 7β-hydroperoxides in rat skin as aging markers . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun , 178 : 242 – 247 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Paller , M. S. and Eaton , J. W. 1995 . Hazards of antioxidant combinations containing superoxide dismutase . Free Rad. Biol. Med. , 18 : 883 – 890 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton , S. and Josephson , D. V. 1953 . Origin of sunlight flavor in milk . Science , 118 : 211 [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pichorner , H. , Metodiewa , D. and Winterbourn , C. 1995 . Generation of superoxide and tyrosine peroxide as a result of tyrosyl radical scavenging by glutathione . Arch. Biochem. Biophys , 323 : 429 – 437 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pruetz , W. A. , Butler , J. , Land , E. J. and Swallow , A. J. 1986 . Unpaired electron migration between aromatic and sulfur peptide units . Free Rad. Res. Commun , 2 : 69 – 75 . [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reische , D. W. , Lillard , D. A. and Eitenmiller , R. R. 2002 . “ Antioxidants ” . In Food Lipids , Edited by: Akoh , C. C. and Min , D. B. 489 – 516 . New York : Marcel Dekker, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Rooney , M. L. 1983 . Ascorbic acid as a photooxidation inhibitor . Photochem. Photobiol , 38 : 619 – 621 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Salem , I. A. , El-Maazawi , M. and Zaki , A. B. 2000 . Kinetics and mechanisms of decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide in presence of metal complexes . Int. J. Chem. Kinet , 32 : 643 – 666 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaich , K. M. 1992 . Metals and lipid oxidation. Contemporary issues . Lipids , 27 : 209 – 218 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoeneshoefer , M. 1972 . Pulse radiolysis studies of the oxidation of ascorbic acid by hydroxy radicals and halogen radical anion complexes in aqueous solution . Z Naturforsch Teil B , 27 : 649 – 659 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Schopfer , P. , Plachy , C. and Frahry , G. 2001 . Release of reactive oxygen intermediates (superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxy radicals) and peroxidase in germinating radish seeds controlled by light, gibberellin, and abscisic acid . Plant Physiol , 125 : 1591 – 1602 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sevanian , A. and McLeod , L. L. 1987 . Cholesterol autoxidation in phospholipids bilayers . Lipids , 22 : 627 – 636 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simic , M. G. 1980 . Autoxid Food Biol Syst (Proc Int Workshop) , Edited by: Simic , M. G. and Karel , M. 17 – 26 . New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Smagula , M. S. , Ho , C. T. and Chang , S. S. 1978 . The synthesis of 2-(2-pentenyl) furans and their relationship to the reversion flavor of soybean oil . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc , 56 : 516 – 519 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Smith , L. L. 1981 . Chloesterol autoxidation , New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Smouse , T. H. and Chang , S. S. 1967 . A systematic characterization of the reversion flavor of soybean oil . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc , 44 : 509 – 514 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solar , S. , Solar , W. and Getoff , N. 1984 . Resolved multisite OH-attack on aqueous tryptophan studied by pulse radiolysis . Radiat. Phys. Chem. , 23 : 371 – 376 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Steenken , S. and Neta , P. 1982 . One-electron redox potentials of phenols. Hydroxy- and aminophenols and related compounds of biological interest . J. Phys. Chem , 86 : 3661 – 3667 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stratton , S. P. , Schaefer , W. H. and Liebler , D. C. 1993 . Isolation and identification of singlet oxygen oxidation products of β-carotene . Chem. Res. Toxicol , 6 : 542 – 547 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Symons , M. C.R. and Gutteridge , J. M.C. 1998 . Free radicals and Iron: Chemistry, biology, and medicine , 102 New York : Oxford University Press Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Takayama , F. , Egashira , T. and Yamanaka , Y. 2001 . Singlet oxygen generation from phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide in the presence of copper . Life Sci , 68 : 1807 – 1815 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassilyev , Y. B. , Khazova , O. A. and Nikolaeva , N. N. 1985 . Kinetics and mechanism of glucose electrooxidation on different electrode-catalysts Part I. Adsorption and oxidation on platinum . J. Electroanal Chem. , 196 : 105 – 125 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vever-Bizet , C. , Dellinger , M. Brault , D. 1989 . Singlet molecular oxygen quenching by saturated and unsaturated fatty-acids and by cholesterol . Photochem. Photobiol. , 50 : 321 – 325 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe , T. , Yeranishi , H. , Honda , Y. and Kuwahara , M. 2002 . A selective lignin-degrading fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, produces alkylitaconates that inhibit the production of a cellulolytic active oxygen species, hydroxy radical in the presence of iron and H2O2 . Biochem. Biophys Res. Comm. , 297 : 918 – 923 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wettasinghe , M. and Shahidi , F. 2000 . Scavenging of reactive-oxygen species and DPPH free radicals by extracts of borage and evening primrose meals . Food Chem , 70 : 17 – 26 . [CROSSREF] [CSA]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whang , K. and Peng , I. C. 1988 . Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of the effectiveness of myoglobin and its derivatives as photosensitizers in singlet oxygen generation . J. Food. Sci , 53 : 1863 – 1865 . [CSA]
   Google Scholar
• Yamamoto , Y. 2001 . Role of active oxygen species and antioxidants in photoaging . J. Dermatol. Sci , 27 ( Supplement 1 ) : 1 – 4 . [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamazaki , S. , Ozawa , N. , Hiratsuka , A. and Watabe , T. 1999 . Photogeneration of 3β-hydroxy-5α-cholest-6-ene-5-hydroperoxide in rat skin: Evidence for occurrence of singlet oxygen in vivo . Free Rad. Biol. Med. , 27 : 301 – 308 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , W. T.S. and Min , D. B. 1994 . “ Chemistry of singlet oxygen oxidation of foods ” . In Lipids in Food Flavors , Edited by: Ho , C. T. and Hartmand , T. G. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Zhao , M. J. , Jung , L. , Tanielian , C. and Mechin , R. 1994 . Kinetics of the competitive degradation of deoxyribose and other biomolecules by hydroxy radicals produced by the Fenton reaction . Free Rad. Res. , 20 : 345 – 363 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar