866
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

Acetylated polysaccharides: Synthesis, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and food applications

, , , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon & show all

References

  • Ai, C., H. C. Meng, J. W. Lin, X. Y. Tang, and X. M. Guo. 2022. Emulsification properties of alkaline soluble polysaccharide from sugar beet pulp: Effect of acetylation and methoxylation. Food Hydrocolloids 124:107361. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107361.
  • Banerjee, A., S. J. M. Breig, A. Gomez, I. Sanchez-Arevalo, P. Gonzalez-Faune, S. Sarkar, R. Bandopadhyay, S. Vuree, J. Cornejo, J. Tapia, et al. 2022. Optimization and characterization of a novel exopolysaccharide from Bacillus haynesii CamB6 for food applications. Biomolecules 12 (6):834. doi: 10.3390/biom12060834.
  • Barbosa, J. R., and R. N. de CarvalhoJr. 2021. Polysaccharides obtained from natural edible sources and their role in modulating the immune system: Biologically active potential that can be exploited against COVID-19. Trends in Food Science & Technology 108:223–35.
  • Benchamas, G., G. L. Huang, S. Y. Huang, and H. L. Huang. 2021. Preparation and biological activities of chitosan oligosaccharides. Trends in Food Science & Technology 107:38–44. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.027.
  • Berti, F., R. De Ricco, and R. Rappuoli. 2018. Role of O-acetylation in the immunogenicity of bacterial polysaccharide vaccines. Molecules 23 (6):1340. doi: 10.3390/molecules23061340.
  • Bhattarai, M., L. Pitkanen, V. Kitunen, R. Korpinen, H. Ilvesniemi, P. O. Kilpelainen, M. Lehtonen, and K. S. Mikkonen. 2019. Functionality of spruce galactoglucomannans in oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocolloids 86:154–61. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.03.020.
  • Biswas, A., S. Kim, R. F. Furtado, C. R. Alves, M. Buttrum, V. Boddu, and H. N. Cheng. 2018. Metal chloride-catalyzed acetylation of starch: Synthesis and characterization. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization 23 (6):577–89. doi: 10.1080/1023666X.2018.1512465.
  • Chan, J. Y. Y., E. Chan, S. W. Chan, S. Y. Sze, M. F. Chan, S. H. Tsui, K. Y. Leung, R. Y. K. Chan, and I. Y. M. Chung. 2011. Enhancement of in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of polysaccharide peptide from Grifola frondosa by chemical modifications. Pharmaceutical Biology 49 (11):1114–20. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2011.569557.
  • Chen, F., and G. L. Huang. 2019. Extraction, derivatization and antioxidant activity of bitter gourd polysaccharide. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 141:14–20.
  • Chen, T., Y. Wu, F. Liu, N. Zhang, B. Yan, J. Zhao, H. Zhang, W. Chen, and D. Fan. 2022. Unusual gelation behavior of low-acetyl gellan under microwave field: Changes in rheological and hydration properties. Carbohydrate Polymers 296:119930. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119930.
  • Chen, X. X., Y. K. Wang, M. Y. Shen, Q. Yu, Y. Chen, L. X. Huang, and J. H. Xie. 2021. The water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides from natural resources against excessive oxidative stress: A potential health-promoting effect and its mechanisms. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 171:320–30.
  • Chen, Y., H. Zhang, Y. X. Wang, S. P. Nie, C. Li, and M. Y. Xie. 2014. Acetylation and carboxymethylation of the polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum and their antioxidant and immunomodulating activities. Food Chemistry 156:279–88.
  • Choo, K. W., M. S. Lin, and A. Mustapha. 2021. Chitosan/acetylated starch composite films incorporated with essential oils: Physiochemical and antimicrobial properties. Food Bioscience 43:101287. doi: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101287.
  • Deng, Y., M. Li, L. X. Chen, X. Q. Chen, J. H. Lu, J. Zhao, and S. P. Li. 2018. Chemical characterization and immunomodulatory activity of acetylated polysaccharides from Dendrobium devonianum. Carbohydrate Polymers 180:238–45.
  • Fang, J. Q., J. H. Lu, Y. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, S. N. Wang, H. L. Fan, J. R. Zhang, W. C. Dai, J. P. Gao, and H. S. Yu. 2021. Structural properties, antioxidant and immune activities of low molecular weight peptides from soybean dregs (Okara). Food Chemistry: X 12:100175.
  • Feng, Y. X., R. Y. Mu, Z. Z. Wang, P. F. Xing, J. F. Zhang, L. Dong, and C. M. Wang. 2019. A toll-like receptor agonist mimicking microbial signal to generate tumor-suppressive macrophages. Nature Communications 10 (1):2272.
  • Georgiev, Y. N., B. S. Paulsen, H. Kiyohara, M. Ciz, M. H. Ognyanov, O. Vasicek, F. Rise, P. N. Denev, A. Lojek, T. G. Batsalova, et al. 2017. Tilia tomentosa pectins exhibit dual mode of action on phagocytes as β-glucuronic acid monomers are abundant in their rhamnogalacturonans I. Carbohydrate Polymers 175:178–91. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.073.
  • Golachowski, A., T. Zięba, M. Kapelko-Żeberska, W. Drożdż, A. Gryszkin, and M. Grzechac. 2015. Current research addressing starch acetylation. Food Chemistry 176:350–6.
  • Gu, D., L. L. Huang, X. Chen, Q. H. Wu, and K. Ding. 2018. Structural characterization of a galactan from Ophiopogon japonicus and anti-pancreatic cancer activity of its acetylated derivative. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 113:907–15.
  • Gu, F. T., B. Gong, R. G. Gilbert, W. W. Yu, E. P. Li, and C. Li. 2019. Relations between changes in starch molecular fine structure and in thermal properties during rice grain storage. Food Chemistry 295:484–92.
  • He, Y., B. X. Wang, L. K. Wen, F. Z. Wang, H. S. Yu, D. X. Chen, X. Su, and C. Zhang. 2022. Effects of dietary fiber on human health. Food Science and Human Wellness 11 (1):1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.001.
  • Henriques, P., L. Dello Iacono, A. Gimeno, A. Biolchi, M. R. Romano, A. Arda, G. J. L. Bernardes, J. Jimenez-Barbero, F. Berti, and R. Rappuoli. 2020. Structure of a protective epitope reveals the importance of acetylation of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A capsular polysaccharide. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117(47), 29795–802.
  • Hitri, K., M. M. Kuttel, G. De Benedetto, K. Lockyer, F. Gao, P. Hansal, T. R. Rudd, E. Beamish, S. Rijpkema, N. Ravenscroft, et al. 2019. O-acetylation of typhoid capsular polysaccharide confers polysaccharide rigidity and immunodominance by masking additional epitopes. Vaccine 37 (29):3866–75.
  • Hu, H. B., H. M. Li, M. H. Han, Q. Cao, H. P. Liang, R. N. Yuan, J. Sun, L. L. Zhang, and Y. Wu. 2020. Chemical modification and antioxidant activity of the polysaccharide from Acanthopanax leucorrhizus. Carbohydrate Research 487:107890. doi: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107890.
  • Huang, G. L., and H. L. Huang. 2017. The derivatization and antitumor mechanisms of polysaccharides. Future Medicinal Chemistry 9 (16):1931–8.
  • Huang, J. Q., B. Lin, Y. Zhang, Z. L. Xie, Y. Zheng, Q. Wang, and H. Xiao. 2022. Bamboo shavings derived O-acetylated xylan alleviates loperamide-induced constipation in mice. Carbohydrate Polymers 276:118761. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118761.
  • Huang, L. L., J. Zhao, Y. L. Wei, G. Y. Yu, F. Li, and Q. H. Li. 2021. Structural characterization and mechanisms of macrophage immunomodulatory activity of a pectic polysaccharide from Cucurbita moschata Duch. Carbohydrate Polymers 269:118288. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118288.
  • Huang, L. X., M. Y. Shen, G. A. Morris, and J. H. Xie. 2019. Sulfated polysaccharides: Immunomodulation and signaling mechanisms. Trends in Food Science & Technology 92:1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.008.
  • Huang, S. Y., F. Chen, H. Cheng, and G. L. Huang. 2020. Modification and application of polysaccharide from traditional Chinese medicine such as Dendrobium officinale. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 157:385–93.
  • Huang, X. J., S. P. Nie, H. L. Cai, G. Y. Zhang, S. W. Cui, M. Y. Xie, and G. O. Phillips. 2015. Study on Dendrobium officinale O-acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan (R)): Part VI. Protective effects against oxidative stress in immunosuppressed mice. Food Research International 72:168–73. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.01.035.
  • Huang, Z., M. H. Zong, and W. Y. Lou. 2022. Effect of acetylation modification on the emulsifying and antioxidant properties of polysaccharide from Millettia speciosa Champ. Food Hydrocolloids 124:107217. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107217.
  • Jiao, Z. G., J. C. Liu, H. P. Zhou, and S. X. Wang. 2009. Effect of acetylation of polyssaccharide from Zizyphus jujuba Fruit on its alpha-glycosidase and hyaluronidase inhibitory activities. Proceedings of 2009 International Conference of National Product and Traditional Medicine, 1, 599–602.
  • Jin, C., Z. Y. Du, L. Y. Lin, L. Zhou, S. J. Li, Q. Liu, and K. Ding. 2017. Structural characterization of mannoglucan from Dendrobium nobile Lindl and the neuritogenesis-induced effect of its acetylated derivative on PC-12 cells. Polymers 9 (12):399. doi: 10.3390/polym9090399.
  • Jin, M. Y., M. Y. Li, R. M. Huang, X. Y. Wu, Y. M. Sun, and Z. L. Xu. 2021. Structural features and anti-inflammatory properties of pectic polysaccharides: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 107:284–98. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.042.
  • Kakar, M. U., I. U. Kakar, M. Z. Mehboob, S. Zada, H. Soomro, M. Umair, I. Iqbal, M. Umer, S. Shaheen, S. F. Syed, et al. 2021. A review on polysaccharides from Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch seeds, their extraction, modification, structure, and applications. Carbohydrate Polymers 252:117113. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117113.
  • Kumar, S., S. Kalita, A. Das, P. Kumar, S. Singh, V. Katiyar, and A. Mukherjee. 2022. Aloe vera: A contemporary overview on scope and prospects in food preservation and packaging. Progress in Organic Coatings 166:106799. doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.106799.
  • Kumar, S., and R. Kumar. 2019. Role of acemannan O-acetyl group in murine radioprotection. Carbohydrate Polymers 207:460–70.
  • Kweon, D. K., and J. A. Han. 2023. Development of hyaluronic acid-based edible film for alleviating dry mouth. Food Science and Human Wellness 12 (2):371–7. doi: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.07.039.
  • La Rosa, S. L., V. Kachrimanidou, F. Buffetto, P. B. Pope, N. A. Pudlo, E. C. Martens, R. A. Rastall, G. R. Gibson, and B. Westereng. 2019. Wood-derived dietary fibers promote beneficial human gut microbiota. mSphere 4 (1):e00554. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00554-18.
  • Li, C., B. Gong, Y. M. Hu, X. X. Liu, X. Guan, and B. J. Zhang. 2020. Combined crystalline, lamellar and granular structural insights into in vitro digestion rate of native starches. Food Hydrocolloids 105:105823. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105823.
  • Li, C., and Y. M. Hu. 2022. In vitro and animal models to predict the glycemic index value of carbohydrate-containing foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology 120:16–24. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.031.
  • Li, J. J., X. Z. Hu, X. P. Li, and Z. Ma. 2016. Effects of acetylation on the emulsifying properties of Artemisia sphaerocephala Krasch polysaccharide. Carbohydrate Polymers 144:531–40.
  • Li, N. Y., C. F. Wang, M. I. Georgiev, V. K. Bajpai, R. Tundis, J. Simal-Gandara, X. M. Lu, J. B. Xiao, X. Z. Tang, and X. G. Qiao. 2021. Advances in dietary polysaccharides as anticancer agents: Structure-activity relationship. Trends in Food Science & Technology 111:360–77. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.008.
  • Liang, J., J. Y. Zhang, Y. Y. Cui, and L. Q. Huang. 2008. Study on chemical modification and anticoagulant function in vitro of tea polysaccharides. Journal of Tea Science 28 (3):166–71.
  • Lin, D. R., W. Zhou, Z. F. Yang, Y. X. Zhong, B. S. Xing, Z. J. Wu, H. Chen, D. T. Wu, Q. Zhang, W. Qin, et al. 2019. Study on physicochemical properties, digestive properties and application of acetylated starch in noodles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 128:948–56. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.176.
  • Lin, L., X. Liao, D. Surendhiran, and H. Y. Cui. 2018. Preparation of ε-polylysine/chitosan nanofibers for food packaging against Salmonella on chicken. Food Packaging and Shelf Life 17:134–41. doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.06.013.
  • Lin, L., Y. L. Zhu, C. Z. Li, L. Liu, D. Surendhiran, and H. Y. Cui. 2018. Antibacterial activity of PEO nanofibers incorporating polysaccharide from dandelion and its derivative. Carbohydrate Polymers 198:225–32.
  • Liu, B., Z. Z. Shang, Q. M. Li, X. Q. Zha, D. L. Wu, N. J. Yu, L. Han, D. Y. Peng, and J. P. Luo. 2020. Structural features and anti-gastric cancer activity of polysaccharides from stem, root, leaf and flower of cultivated Dendrobium huoshanense. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 143:651–64. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.041.
  • Liu, C. Y., D. J. Hu, H. Zhu, Y. Y. Zhang, J. Qin, F. Wang, Z. D. Zhang, and G. P. Lv. 2022. Preparation, characterization and immunoregulatory activity of derivatives of polysaccharide from Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 216:225–34.
  • Liu, Q., F. Li, N. Ji, L. Dai, L. Xiong, and Q. J. Sun. 2021. Acetylated debranched starch micelles as a promising nanocarrier for curcumin. Food Hydrocolloids 111:106253. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106253.
  • Liu, X., J. H. Xie, S. Jia, L. X. Huang, Z. J. Wang, C. Li, and M. Y. Xie. 2017. Immunomodulatory effects of an acetylated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide on murine macrophages RAW264.7. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 98:576–81.
  • Luo, Z. G., and Y. C. Shi. 2018. Distribution of acetyl groups in acetylated waxy maize starches prepared in aqueous solution with two different alkaline concentrations. Food Hydrocolloids 79:491–7. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.01.015.
  • Manzoor, A., A. H. Dar, V. K. Pandey, R. Shams, S. Khan, P. S. Panesar, J. F. Kennedy, U. Fayaz, and S. A. Khan. 2022. Recent insights into polysaccharide-based hydrogels and their potential applications in food sector: A review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 213:987–1006.
  • Masina, N., Y. E. Choonara, P. Kumar, L. C. Du Toit, M. Govender, S. Indermun, and V. Pillay. 2017. A review of the chemical modification techniques of starch. Carbohydrate Polymers 157:1226–36.
  • Michalak, L., J. C. Gaby, L. Lagos, S. L. La Rosa, T. R. Hvidsten, C. Tetard-Jones, W. G. T. Willats, N. Terrapon, V. Lombard, B. Henrissat, et al. 2020. Microbiota-directed fibre activates both targeted and secondary metabolic shifts in the distal gut. Nature Communications 11 (1):5773.
  • Moukagni, E. M., I. Ziegler-Devin, R. Safou-Tchima, and N. Brosse. 2021. Extraction of acetylated glucuronoxylans and glucomannans from Okoume (Aucoumea klaineana Pierre) sapwood and heartwood by steam explosion. Industrial Crops and Products 166:9.
  • Nazeam, J. A., H. M. El-Hefnawy, and A. N. B. Singab. 2020. Structural elucidation of immunomodulators, acetylated heteroglycan and galactosamine, isolated from Aloe arborescens Leaves. Journal of Medicinal Food 23 (8):895–901.
  • Niu, J. F., S. P. Wang, B. L. Wang, L. J. Chen, G. M. Zhao, S. Liu, S. Q. Wang, and Z. Z. Wang. 2020. Structure and anti-tumor activity of a polysaccharide from Bletilla ochracea Schltr. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 154:1548–55.
  • Niu, Y. M., Q. Li, R. Y. Xie, S. Liu, R. B. Wang, P. F. Xing, Y. C. Shi, Y. T. Wang, L. Dong, and C. M. Wang. 2017. Modulating the phenotype of host macrophages to enhance osteogenesis in MSC-laden hydrogels: Design of a glucomannan coating material. Biomaterials 139:39–55. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.042.
  • Olawuyi, I. F., and W. Y. Lee. 2021. Structural characterization, functional properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharide extract obtained from okra leaves (Abelmoschus esculentus). Food Chemistry 354:129437.
  • Osman, M. F. E., A. A. Mohamed, I. A. M. Ahmed, M. S. Alamri, F. Y. Al Juhaimi, S. Hussain, M. A. Ibraheem, and A. A. Qasem. 2022. Acetylated corn starch as a fat replacer: Effect on physiochemical, textural, and sensory attributes of beef patties during frozen storage. Food Chemistry 388:132988. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132988.
  • Parente, J. P., C. R. Adao, B. P. da Silva, and L. W. Tinoco. 2014. Structural characterization of an acetylated glucomannan with antiinflammatory activity and gastroprotective property from Cyrtopodium andersonii. Carbohydrate Research 391:16–21.
  • Priya, T., N. Dhanalakshmi, S. Thennarasu, S. Pulikkutty, V. Karthikeyan, and N. Thinakaran. 2020. Synchronous detection of cadmium and lead in honey, cocos nucifera and egg white samples using multiwalled carbon nanotube/hyaluronic acid/amino acids nanocomposites. Food Chemistry 317:126430. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126430.
  • Qi, H. M., X. L. Liu, J. B. Zhang, Y. Duan, X. L. Wang, and Q. B. Zhang. 2012. Synthesis and antihyperlipidemic activity of acetylated derivative of ulvan from Ulva pertusa. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 50 (1):270–2.
  • Ren, F., J. W. Wang, J. L. Yu, C. Zhong, F. W. Xie, and S. J. Wang. 2022. Green synthesis of acetylated maize starch in different imidazolium carboxylate and choline carboxylate ionic liquids. Carbohydrate Polymers 288:119353.
  • Robert, P., P. Garcia, N. Reyes, J. Chavez, and J. Santos. 2012. Acetylated starch and inulin as encapsulating agents of gallic acid and their release behaviour in a hydrophilic system. Food Chemistry 134 (1):1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.019.
  • Rodrigues, M. A. V., C. A. Marangon, V. D. A. Martins, and A. M. D. Plepis. 2021. Chitosan/gelatin films with jatoba resin: Control of properties by vegetal resin inclusion and degree of acetylation modification. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 182:1737–45.
  • Sanchez-Rivera, M. M., S. Almanza-Benitez, L. A. Bello-Perez, G. Mendez-Montealvo, M. C. Nunez-Santiago, S. L. Rodriguez-Ambriz, and F. Gutierrez-Meraz. 2013. Acetylation of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) starches using a microwave heating procedure and iodine as catalyst: II. Rheological and structural studies. Carbohydrate Polymers 92 (2):1256–61. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.10.040.
  • Shao, P., J. R. Feng, P. L. Sun, N. Xiang, B. Y. Lu, and D. Qiu. 2020. Recent advances in improving stability of food emulsion by plant polysaccharides. Food Research International (Ottawa, ON) 137:109376.
  • Shao, P., M. P. Qin, L. F. Han, and P. L. Sun. 2014. Rheology and characteristics of sulfated polysaccharides from chlorophytan seaweeds Ulva fasciata. Carbohydrate Polymers 113 (26):365–72.
  • Simsek, M., T. T. Asiyanbi-Hammed, N. Rasaq, and A. M. Hammed. 2021. Progress in bioactive polysaccharide-derivatives: A review. Food Reviews International: 1–16. doi: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1935998.
  • Sindhu, R., A. Devi, and B. S. Khatkar. 2021. Morphology, structure and functionality of acetylated, oxidized and heat moisture treated amaranth starches. Food Hydrocolloids 118:106800. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106800.
  • Sombra, F. M., A. R. Richter, A. R. de Araujo, F. D. S. Ribeiro, J. D. S. Mendes, R. O. D. Fontenelle, D. A. da Silva, H. C. B. de Paula, J. P. D. Feitosa, F. M. Goycoolea, et al. 2019. Nanocapsules of Sterculia striata acetylated polysaccharide as a potential monomeric amphotericin B delivery matrix. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 130:655–63.
  • Song, X. L., J. J. Zhang, J. Li, and L. Jia. 2020. Acetylated polysaccharides from Pleurotus geesteranus alleviate lung injury via regulating NF-κB signal pathway. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21 (8):2810. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082810.
  • Soto-Salcido, L. A., G. Gonzalez-Sanchez, B. Rocha-Gutierrez, R. Peralta-Perez, F. J. Zavala-Diaz, and L. Ballinas-Casarrubias. 2018. Preparation, characterization and performance of acetylated cellulignin membranes obtained by green methods from biomass. Desalination 430:186–96. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2017.12.017.
  • Sun, T. T., S. Y. Mai, H. Z. Mao, H. T. Li, Y. Y. Duan, S. Meng, J. L. Bao, N. Ding, and C. L. Zong. 2022. Conjugate of structurally reassigned pneumococcal serotype 31 polysaccharide with CRM197 elicited potent immune response. Carbohydrate Polymers 289:119414. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119414.
  • Sun, X. Q., J. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Mi, Y. Chen, W. Q. Tan, Q. Li, F. Dong, and Z. Y. Guo. 2020. Synthesis, characterization, and the antioxidant activity of the acetylated chitosan derivatives containing sulfonium salts. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 152:349–58.
  • Synytsya, A., R. Bleha, A. Synytsya, R. Pohl, K. Hayashi, K. Yoshinaga, T. Nakano, and T. Hayashi. 2014. Mekabu fucoidan: Structural complexity and defensive effects against avian influenza A viruses. Carbohydrate Polymers 111:633–44.
  • Szu, S. C., K. F. Y. Lin, S. Hunt, C. Chu, and D. Thinh. 2014. Phase I clinical trial of O-acetylated pectin conjugate, a plant polysaccharide based typhoid vaccine. Vaccine 32 (22):2618–22.
  • Tang, F. X., F. Chen, F. Li, H. Y. Lin, C. Wang, Q. Q. Weng, and Y. H. Guo. 2006. Acetylation of low-molecular-weight κ-carrageenan. Journal of Fuzhou University 34 (5):755–9.
  • Tong, X., C. Lao, D. Li, J. Du, J. Chen, W. Xu, L. Li, H. Ye, X. Guo, and J. Li. 2022. An acetylated mannan isolated from Aloe vera induce colorectal cancer cells apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. Carbohydrate Polymers 291:119464. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119464.
  • Vriesmann, L. C., and C. L. D. Petkowicz. 2017. Cacao pod husks as a source of low-methoxyl, highly acetylated pectins able to gel in acidic media. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 101:146–52.
  • Wang, B. X., H. S. Yu, Y. He, L. K. Wen, J. D. Gu, X. Y. Wang, X. W. Miao, G. S. Qiu, and H. R. Wang. 2021. Effect of soybean insoluble dietary fiber on prevention of obesity in high-fat diet fed mice via regulation of the gut microbiota. Food & Function 12 (17):7923–37. doi: 10.1039/d1fo00078k.
  • Wang, C., B. Li, T. Chen, N. B. Mei, X. Y. Wang, and S. Q. Tang. 2020. Preparation and bioactivity of acetylated konjac glucomannan fibrous membrane and its application for wound dressing. Carbohydrate Polymers 229:115404. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115404.
  • Wang, S. W., L. L. Zheng, X. Y. Zheng, Y. Yang, D. Xiao, H. D. Zhang, B. L. Ai, and Z. W. Sheng. 2022. Chitosan inhibits advanced glycation end products formation in chemical models and bakery food. Food Hydrocolloids 128:107600. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107600.
  • Wang, S. Y., W. H. Gao, Y. H. Wang, T. Song, H. S. Qi, and Z. Y. Xiang. 2022. Emulsifying properties of naturally acetylated xylans and their application in lutein delivery emulsion. Carbohydrate Polymers 296:119927. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119927.
  • Wang, X. M., Z. S. Zhang, Y. Wu, X. Sun, and N. J. Xu. 2019. Synthesized sulfated and acetylated derivatives of polysaccharide extracted from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis and their potential antioxidant and immunological activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 124:568–72.
  • Wang, Z. J., J. H. Xie, M. Y. Shen, S. P. Nie, and M. Y. Xie. 2018. Sulfated modification of polysaccharides: Synthesis, characterization and bioactivities. Trends in Food Science & Technology 74:147–57. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.02.010.
  • Wu, T., M. Y. Shen, S. H. Liu, Q. Yu, Y. Chen, and J. H. Xie. 2020. Ameliorative effect of Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides against carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative stress in liver and kidney of mice. Food and Chemical Toxicology 135:111014.
  • Wu, X. Y., G. H. Mao, T. Zhao, J. L. Zhao, F. Li, L. H. Liang, and L. Q. Yang. 2011. Isolation, purification and in vitro anti-tumor activity of polysaccharide from Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta. Carbohydrate Polymers 86 (2):1073–6. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.069.
  • Xiao, H. X., F. Yang, Q. L. Lin, Q. Zhang, W. Z. Tang, L. Zhang, D. Xu, and G. Q. Liu. 2019. Preparation and properties of hydrophobic films based on acetylated broken-rice starch nanocrystals for slow protein delivery. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 138:556–64.
  • Xie, J.-H., M.-L. Jin, G. A. Morris, X.-Q. Zha, H.-Q. Chen, Y. Yi, J.-E. Li, Z.-J. Wang, J. Gao, S.-P. Nie, et al. 2016. Advances on bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal plants. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 56 (sup1):S60–S84. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1069255.
  • Xie, J.-H., W. Tang, M.-L. Jin, J.-E. Li, and M.-Y. Xie. 2016. Recent advances in bioactive polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum L., Zizyphus jujuba Mill, Plantago spp., and Morus spp.: Structures and functionalities. Food Hydrocolloids 60:148–60. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.03.030.
  • Xie, J. H., Z. J. Wang, M. Y. Shen, S. P. Nie, B. Gong, H. S. Li, Q. Zhao, W. J. Li, and M. Y. Xie. 2016. Sulfated modification, characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus. Food Hydrocolloids 53:7–15. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.02.018.
  • Xie, J. H., F. Zhang, Z. J. Wang, M. Y. Shen, S. P. Nie, and M. Y. Xie. 2015. Preparation, characterization and antioxidant activities of acetylated polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves. Carbohydrate Polymers 133:596–604.
  • Xie, L. M., M. Y. Shen, Y. Z. Hong, H. D. Ye, L. X. Huang, and J. H. Xie. 2020. Chemical modifications of polysaccharides and their anti-tumor activities. Carbohydrate Polymers 229:115436. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115436.
  • Xie, L. M., M. Y. Shen, P. W. Wen, Y. Z. Hong, X. Liu, and J. H. Xie. 2020. Preparation, characterization, antioxidant activity and protective effect against cellular oxidative stress of phosphorylated polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus. Food and Chemical Toxicology 145:111754.
  • Xu, L., Z. Qiu, H. J. Gong, C. F. Zhu, Z. J. Li, Y. J. Li, and M. Z. Dong. 2019. Rheological behaviors of microbial polysaccharides with different substituents in aqueous solutions: Effects of concentration, temperature, inorganic salt and surfactant. Carbohydrate Polymers 219:162–71. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.032.
  • Xu, Y., V. M. Hernández-Rocamora, J. H. Lorent, R. Cox, X. Wang, X. Bao, M. Stel, G. Vos, R. M. van den Bos, R. J. Pieters, et al. 2022. Metabolic labeling of the bacterial peptidoglycan by functionalized glucosamine. iScience 25 (8):104753.
  • Xue, H. K., W. L. Wang, J. Y. Bian, Y. C. Gao, Z. T. Hao, and J. Q. Tan. 2022. Recent advances in medicinal and edible homologous polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structure, modification, and biological activities. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 222 (Pt A):1110–26.
  • Yang, Y. X., J. L. Chen, L. Lei, F. H. Li, Y. Tang, Y. Yuan, Y. Q. Zhang, S. R. Wu, R. Yin, and J. Ming. 2019. Acetylation of polysaccharide from Morchella angusticeps peck enhances its immune activation and anti-inflammatory activities in macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Food and Chemical Toxicology 125:38–45.
  • Yao, X. C., R. H. Lin, Y. S. Liang, S. Y. Jiao, and L. Zhong. 2023. Characterization of acetylated starch nanoparticles for potential use as an emulsion stabilizer. Food Chemistry 400:133873. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133873.
  • Yu, Y., Q. Wen, A. Song, Y. Liu, F. Wang, and B. Jiang. 2022. Isolation and immune activity of a new acidic Cordyceps militaris exopolysaccharide. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 194:706–14.
  • Zhang, G. Y., S. P. Nie, X. J. Huang, J. L. Hu, S. W. Cui, M. Y. Xie, and G. O. Phillips. 2016. Study on Dendrobium officinale O-Acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan). 7. Improving effects on colonic health of mice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 64 (12):2485–91. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03117.
  • Zhang, L. J., X. J. Huang, X. D. Shi, H. H. Chen, S. W. Cui, and S. P. Nie. 2019. Protective effect of three glucomannans from different plants against DSS induced colitis in female BALB/c mice. Food & Function 10 (4):1928–39.
  • Zhang, Y., X. L. Pan, S. Q. Ran, and K. P. Wang. 2019. Purification, structural elucidation and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro of polysaccharides from Smilax china L. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 139:233–43. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.209.
  • Zhang, Y., Z. J. Wu, J. X. Liu, Z. M. Zheng, Q. Li, H. J. Wang, Z. H. Chen, and K. P. Wang. 2020. Identification of the core active structure of a Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide and its protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via alleviating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Food Research International (Ottawa, ON) 137:109641. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109641.
  • Zhang, Z. S., X. M. Wang, M. X. Zhao, and H. M. Qi. 2014. O-acetylation of low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from Enteromorpha linza with antioxidant activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 69:39–45.
  • Zhao, M., Y. Han, J. E. Li, Q. An, X. M. Ye, X. Li, Z. T. Zhao, Y. Zhang, J. He, Q. H. Deng, et al. 2021. Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of an acetylated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharide (Ac-CPP0.1). International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 171:112–22.
  • Zhao, X. Y., L. J. Zeng, Q. L. Huang, B. J. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, and X. Wen. 2022. Structure and physicochemical properties of cross-linked and acetylated tapioca starches affected by oil modification. Food Chemistry 386:132848. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132848.
  • Zheng, Y. W., X. M. Li, Y. Huang, H. B. Li, L. Y. Chen, and X. H. Liu. 2022. Two colorimetric films based on chitin whiskers and sodium alginate/gelatin incorporated with anthocyanins for monitoring food freshness. Food Hydrocolloids 127:107517. doi: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107517.
  • Zhou, H. M., H. Tong, J. Lu, Y. Cheng, F. Qian, Y. H. Tao, and H. S. Wang. 2021. Preparation of bio-based cellulose acetate/chitosan composite film with oxygen and water resistant properties. Carbohydrate Polymers 270:118381. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118381.
  • Zhou, S. Y., G. L. Huang, and G. Y. Chen. 2021. Extraction, structural analysis, derivatization and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Chinese yam. Food Chemistry 361:130089. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130089.
  • Zhou, S. Y., G. L. Huang, and H. L. Huang. 2022. Extraction, derivatization and antioxidant activities of onion polysaccharide. Food Chemistry 388:133000.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.