Selective Exposure and Selective Perception of Anti-Tobacco Campaign Messages: The Impacts of Campaign Exposure on Selective Perception

REFERENCES

• Agostinelli , G. and Grube , J. W. 2003 . Tobacco counter-advertising: A review of the literature and a conceptual model for understanding effects . Journal of Health Communication , 8 : 107 – 127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkin , C. K. 2001 . “ Theory and principles of media health campaigns ” . In Public communication campaigns , 3rd , Edited by: Rice , R. E. and Atkin , C. K. 49 – 68 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Atkin , C. K. 2002 . “ Promising strategies for media health campaigns ” . In Mass media and drug prevention: Classic and contemporary theories and research , Edited by: Crano , W. D. and Burgoon , M. 35 – 64 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Bertrand , J. T. 1979 . Selective avoidance on health topics: A field test . Communication Research , 6 : 271 – 294 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaiken , S. , Liberman , A. and Eagly , A. H. 1989 . “ Heuristic and systematic information processing within and beyond the persuasion context ” . In Unintended thought , Edited by: Uleman , J. S. and Bargh , J. A. 212 – 252 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• D'Silva , M. U. and Palmgreen , P. 2007 . Individual differences and context: Factors mediating recall of anti-drug public service announcements . Health Communication , 21 : 65 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly , A. H. and Chaiken , S. 1993 . The psychology of attitudes , Fort Worth, TX : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Farrelly , M. C. , Davis , K. C. , Yarsevich , J. M. , Haviland , M. L. , Hersey , J. C. , Girlando , M. E. and Healton , C. G. 2002 . Getting to the truth: Assessing youths' reactions to the truth and “Think. Don't Smoke” tobacco countermarketing campaigns , Washington, DC : American Legacy Foundation . First look report 9
   Google Scholar
• Festinger , L. 1957 . A theory of cognitive dissonance , Evanston, IL : Row, Washington, DC: Peterson .
   Google Scholar
• Flay , B. R. and Burton , D. 1990 . “ Effective mass communication strategies for health campaigns ” . In Mass communication and public health , Edited by: Atkin , C. and Wallack , L. 129 – 146 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Flay , B. R. and Cook , T. D. 1989 . “ Three models for summative evaluation of prevention campaigns with a mass media component ” . In Public communication campaigns , 2nd , Edited by: Rice , R. E. and Atkin , C. K. 175 – 200 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage Publications .
   Google Scholar
• Freedman , J. L. and Sears , D. O. 1965 . “ Selective exposure ” . In Advances in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L. 57 – 96 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Frey , D. 1986 . “ Recent research on selective exposure to information ” . In Advance in experimental social psychology , Edited by: Berkowitz , L. Vol. 19 , 41 – 80 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hornik , R. 2002 . “ Public health communication: Making sense of the evidence ” . In Public health communication , Edited by: Hornik , R. 1 – 19 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , E. 1968 . “ On reopening the question of selective exposure to mass communications ” . In Theories of cognitive consistency: A sourcebook , Edited by: Abelson , R. and Aronson , E. 788 – 796 . Chicago : Rand McNally .
   Google Scholar
• Klapper , J. T. 1960 . The effects of mass communications , Glencoe, IL : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Liberman , A. and Chaiken , S. 1992 . Defensive processing of personally relevant health messages . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 18 : 669 – 679 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niederdeppe , J. 2005 . Assessing the validity of confirmed ad recall measures for public health communication campaign evaluation . Journal of Health Communication , 10 : 635 – 650 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niederdeppe , J. , Lindsey , D. , Girlando , M. , Ulasevich , A. and Farrelly , M. 2003 . Exposure to pro-tobacco messages among teens and young adults , Washington, DC : American Legacy Foundation . First Look Report 12
   Google Scholar
• Sears , D. O. 1968 . “ The paradox of de facto selective exposure without preferences for supportive information ” . In Theories of cognitive consistency: A sourcebook , Edited by: Abelson , R. and Aronson , E. 777 – 787 . Chicago : Rand McNally .
   Google Scholar
• Sears , D. O. and Freedman , J. L. 1967 . Selective exposure to information: A critical review . Public Opinion Quarterly , 31 : 194 – 213 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Severin , W. J. and Tankard , J. W. Jr. 1992 . Communication theories: Origins, methods, and uses in the mass media , New York : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Sherif , M. and Hovland , C. I. 1961 . Social judgment: Assimilation and contrast effects in communication and attitude change , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Slater , M. D. 2004 . Operationalizing and analyzing exposure: The foundation of media effects research . Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly , 81 : 168 – 183 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slater , M. D. and Kelly , K. J. 2002 . Testing alternative explanations for exposure effects in media campaigns: The case of a community-based, in-school media drug prevention project . Communication Research , 29 : 367 – 389 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Southwell , B. G. 2001 . Health message relevance and disparagement among adolescents . Communication Research Reports , 18 : 365 – 374 .
   Google Scholar
• Unger , J. B. , Cruz , T. B. , Schuster , D. , Flora , J. A. and Johnson , C. A. 2001 . Measuring exposure to pro- and anti-tobacco marketing among adolescents: Intercorrelations among measures and associations with smoking status . Journal of Health Communication , 6 : 11 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wakefield , M. , Terry-McElrath , Y. , Emery , S. , Saffer , H. , Chaloupka , F. , Szczypka , G. , Flay , B. , O'Malley , P. M. and Johnston , L. D. 2006 . Effect of televised, tobacco company-funded smoking prevention advertising on youth smoking-related beliefs, intentions, and behavior . American Journal of Public Health , 96 : 2154 – 2160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar