992
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Smoking Is So Ew!: College Smokers’ Reactions to Health- Versus Social-Focused Antismoking Threat Messages

, &

References

  • Arndt, J., Greenberg, J., & Cook, A. (2002). Mortality salience and the spreading activation of worldview-relevant constructs: Exploring the cognitive architecture of terror management. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 131, 307–324.
  • Arndt, J., Schimel, J., & Goldenberg, J. L. (2003). Death can be good for your health: Fitness intentions as a proximal and distal defense against mortality salience. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 1726–1746. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01972.x
  • Arndt, J., Vail III, K. E., Cox, C. R., Goldenberg, J. L., Piasecki, T. M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2013). The interactive effect of mortality reminders and tobacco craving on smoking topography. Health Psychology, 32, 525–532. doi:10.1037/a0029201
  • Burke, B. L., Martens, A., & Faucher, E. (2010). Two decades of terror management theory: A meta-analysis of mortality salience research. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 14, 155–195. doi:10.1177/1088868309352321
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). The health consequences of smoking—50 Years of progress. A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
  • Cooper, D. P., Goldenberg, J. L., & Arndt, J. (2010). Examination of the terror management health model: The interactive effects of conscious death thought and health-coping variables in potentially fatal health domains. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 937–946. doi:10.1177/0146167210370694
  • Dillard, J. P., & Peck, E. (2001). Persuasion and the structure of affect. Human Communication Research, 27, 38–68. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2001.tb00775.x
  • Dillard, J. P., & Shen, L. (2005). On the nature of reactance and its role in persuasive health communication. Communication Monographs, 72, 144–168. doi:10.1080/03637750500111815
  • Goldenberg, J. L., & Arndt, J. (2008). The implications of death for health: A terror management health model for behavioral health promotion. Psychological Review, 115, 1032–1053. doi:10.1037/a0013326
  • Greenberg, J., Arndt, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T., & Solomon, S. (2000). Proximal and distal defenses in response to reminders of one’s mortality: Evidence of a temporal sequence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 91–99. doi:10.1177/0146167200261009
  • Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., & Arndt, J. (2008). A basic but uniquely human motivation: Terror management. In J. Y. Shah & W. L. Gardner (Eds.), Handbook of motivation science (pp. 114–134). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., & Pyszczynski, T. (1997). Terror management theory of self- esteem and cultural worldviews. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 29, 61–138.
  • Hansen, J., Winzeler, S., & Topolinski, S. (2010). When the death makes you smoke: A terror management perspective on the effectiveness of cigarette on-pack warnings. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 226–228. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2009.09.007
  • Harmon-Jones, E., Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., & McGregor, H. (1997). Terror management theory and self-esteem: Evidence that increased self-esteem reduces mortality salience effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 24–36. doi:10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60016-7
  • Hayes, A. (2014). PROCESS macro for SPSS. (Version 2.13) (Online download). Retrieved from http://www.processmacro.org/download.html
  • Heatherton, T. F., Kozlowski, L. T., Frecker, R. C., & Fagerström, K. O. (1991). The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence: A revision of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. British Journal of Addiction, 86, 1119–1127. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x
  • Jessop, D. C., & Wade, J. (2008). Fear appeals and binge drinking: A terror management theory perspective. British Journal of Health Psychology, 13, 773–788. doi:10.1348/135910707X272790
  • Martin, I. M., & Kamins, M. A. (2010). An application of terror management theory in the design of social and health-related antismoking appeals. Journal of Consumer Behavior, 9, 172–190. doi:10.1002/cb.293
  • Moore, J., Thorson, E., & Leshner, G. (2011). Terror management theory and anti-tobacco advertising: An experimental examination of influence of death explicit anti-tobacco messages on young adults. Journal of Health & Mass Communication, 3, 5–29.
  • Muehling, D. D. (1987). An investigation of factors underlying attitude-toward- advertising-in-general. Journal of Advertising, 16(1), 32–40. doi:10.1080/00913367.1987.10673058
  • National Cancer Institute. (2015). Health Information National Trends Survey. Retrieved from http://hints.cancer.gov/
  • O’Keefe, D. J. (2003). Message properties, mediating states, and manipulation checks: Claims, evidence, and data analysis in experimental persuasive effects research. Communication Theory, 13, 251–274. doi:10.1093/ct/13.3.251
  • Pechmann, C., Zhao, G., Goldberg, M. E., & Reibling, E. T. (2003). What to convey in antismoking advertisements for adolescents: The use of protection motivation theory to identify effective message themes. Journal of Marketing, 67(2), 1–18. doi:10.1509/jmkg.67.2.1.18607
  • Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (1999). A dual-process model of defense against conscious and unconscious death-related thoughts: An extension of terror management theory. Psychological Review, 106, 835–845. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.106.4.835
  • Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt, J., & Schimel, J. (2004). Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 435–468. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.435
  • Quick, B. L., & Stephenson, M. T. (2008). Examining the role of trait reactance and sensation seeking on perceived threat, state reactance, and reactance restoration. Human Communication Research, 34, 448–476. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2008.00328.x
  • Rosenblatt, A., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T., & Lyon, D. (1989). Evidence for Terror Management Theory I: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who violate or uphold cultural values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 681–690. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.57.4.681
  • Routledge, C., Arndt, J., & Goldenberg, J. L. (2004). A time to tan: Proximal and distal effects of mortality salience on sun exposure intentions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1347–1358. doi:10.1177/0146167204264056
  • Schimel, J., Hayes, J., Williams, T., & Jahrig, J. (2007). Is death really the worm at the core? Converging evidence that worldview threat increases death thought awareness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 789–803. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.789
  • Shadel, W. G., & Mermelstein, R. (1996). Individual differences in self-concept among smokers attempting to quit: Validation and predictive utility of measures of the smoker self-concept and abstainer self-concept. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 18, 151–156. doi:10.1007/BF02883391
  • Sheeran, P. (2002). Intention-behavior relations: A conceptual and empirical review. European Review of Social Psychology, 12, 1–36. doi:10.1080/14792772143000003
  • Shehryar, O., & Hunt, D. M. (2005). A terror management perspective on the persuasiveness of fear appeals. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 15, 275–287. doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp1504_2
  • Sherman, S. J., Rose, J. S., Koch, K., Presson, C. C., & Chassin, L. (2003). Implicit and explicit attitudes toward cigarette smoking: The effects of context and motivation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 22, 13–39. doi:10.1521/jscp.22.1.13.22766
  • Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model (EPPM). Communication Monographs, 61, 113–134. doi:10.1080/03637759409376328
  • Wong, N. C. H., & Cappella, J. N. (2009). Antismoking threat and efficacy appeals: Effects on smoking cessation intentions for smokers with low and high readiness to quit. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 37, 1–20. doi:10.1080/00909880802593928

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.