Disseminating Evidence on Abortion Facilities to Health Departments: A Randomized Study of E-mail Strategies

References

• Anderson, J. R. (2005). Cognitive psychology and its implications. Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• APHA. (2019). Our values. American Public Health Association: Our values. https://www.apha.org/about-apha/our-values
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong, R., Waters, E., Dobbins, M., Anderson, L., Moore, L., Petticrew, M., Clark, R., Pettman, T. L., Burns, C., Moodie, M., Conning, R., & Swinburn, B. (2013). Knowledge translation strategies to improve the use of evidence in public health decision making in local government: Intervention design and implementation plan. Implementation Science, 8(1), 121. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-8-121
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baum, S. E., White, K., Hopkins, K., Potter, J. E., & Grossman, D. (2016). Women’s experience obtaining abortion care in Texas after implementation of restrictive abortion laws: A qualitative study. PLoS One, 11(10), e0165048. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berglas, N. F., Battistelli, M. F., Nicholson, W. K., Sobota, M., Urman, R. D., & Roberts, S. C. M. (2018). The effect of facility characteristics on patient safety, patient experience, and service availability for procedures in non-hospital-affiliated outpatient settings: A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 13(1), e0190975. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190975
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berglas, N. F., Wingo, E., Woodruff, K., & Roberts, S. C. M. (2020). Approaches, barriers, and facilitators to abortion-related work in U.S. health departments: Perspectives of maternal and child health and family planning professionals. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 299. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8389-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blondeau, F., & Daniel, N. G. (2007). Extraction of impacted mandibular third molars: Postoperative complications and their risk factors. Journal of the Canadian Dental Association, 73(4), 325. PMID: 17484797.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borah, P. (2011). Conceptual issues in framing theory: A systematic examination of a decade’s literature. Journal of Communication, 61(2), 246–263. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01539.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownson, R. C., Fielding, J. E., & Maylahn, C. M. (2009). Evidence-based public health: A fundamental concept for public health practice. Annual Review of Public Health, 30(1), 175–201. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.031308.100134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budd, E. L., deRuyter, A. J., Wang, Z., Sung-Chan, P., Ying, X., Furtado, K. S., Pettman, T., Armstrong, R., Reis, R. S., Shi, J., Mui, T., Saunders, T., Becker, L., & Brownson, R. C. (2018). A qualitative exploration of contextual factors that influence dissemination and implementation of evidence-based chronic disease prevention across four countries. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 233. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3054-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, D. (2017). Pro-life legislators receive updated legal models from Americans United For Life designed to protect women and their unborn infants from dangers associated with abortion. Americans United for Life. http://www.aul.org/2017/03/pro-life-legislators-receive-updated-legal-models-from-americans-united-for-life-designed-to-protect-women-and-their-unborn-infants-from-dangers-associated-with-abortion/
   Google Scholar
• Cacciatore, M., Scheufele, D. A., & Iyengar, S. (2016). The end of framing as we know it … and the future of media effects. Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2015.1068811
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campaign Monitor. (2019). Global email benchmark archives. https://www.campaignmonitor.com/resources/guides/global-email-benchmarks-archive/
   Google Scholar
• Christian, B. (2012, April 25). The A/B test: Inside the technology that’s changing the rules of business. Wired. https://www.wired.com/2012/04/ff-abtesting/
   Google Scholar
• CMS. (2019). State survey agency directory 2019. https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Certification-State-Agency-Contacts.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Coleman, R., Thorson, E., & Wilkins, L. (2011). Testing the effect of framing and sourcing in health news stories. Journal of Health Communication, 16(9), 941–954. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2011.561918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Constant Contact. (2020a, February 25). The click-through rate. https://knowledgebase.constantcontact.com/articles/KnowledgeBase/5290-the-click-through-rate?lang=en_US
   Google Scholar
• Constant Contact. (2020b). Average industry rates for email as of May 2020. https://knowledgebase.constantcontact.com/articles/KnowledgeBase/5409-average-industry-rates?lang=en_US
   Google Scholar
• Dobbins, M., Hanna, S. E., Ciliska, D., Manske, S., Cameron, R., Mercer, S. L., O’Mara, L., DeCorby, K., & Robeson, P. (2009). A randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of knowledge translation and exchange strategies. Implementation Science, 4(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-4-61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dorfman, L., Wallack, L., & Woodruff, K. (2005). More than a message: Framing public health advocacy to change corporate practices. Health Education & Behavior: The Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 32(3), 320–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198105275046
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyler, A. A., Valko, C., Ramadas, R., Macchi, M., Fershteyn, Z., & Brownson, R. C. (2018). Administrative evidence-based practices in state chronic disease practitioners. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 54(2), 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2017.09.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuentes, L., Lebenkoff, S., White, K., Gerdts, C., Hopkins, K., Potter, J. E., & Grossman, D. (2016). Women’s experiences seeking abortion care shortly after the closure of clinics due to a restrictive law in Texas. Contraception, 93(4), 292–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.12.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamson, W. A., Croteau, D., Hoynes, W., & Sasson, T. (1992). Media images and the social construction of reality. Annual Review of Sociology, 18(1), 373–393. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.18.080192.002105
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerdts, C., Fuentes, L., Grossman, D., White, K., Keefe-Oates, B., Baum, S. E., Hopkins, K., Stolp, C. W., & Potter, J. E. (2016). Impact of clinic closures on women obtaining abortion services after implementation of a restrictive law in Texas. American Journal of Public Health, 106(5), 857–864. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. (1972). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Northeastern University Press. https://is.muni.cz/el/1423/podzim2013/SOC571E/um/E.Goffman-FrameAnalysis.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Green, E. (2019, October 16). Just don’t call it abortion. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/10/democrats-avoid-abortion-debates/600100/
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, D., Baum, S., Fuentes, L., White, K., Hopkins, K., Stevenson, A., & Potter, J. E. (2014). Change in abortion services after implementation of a restrictive law in Texas. Contraception, 90(5), 496–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2014.07.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grossman, D., White, K., Hopkins, K., & Potter, J. E. (2017). Change in distance to nearest facility and abortion in Texas, 2012 to 2014. JAMA, 317(4), 437–439. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.17026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hekler, E. B., Klasnja, P., Riley, W. T., Buman, M. P., Huberty, J., Rivera, D. E., & Martin, C. A. (2016). Agile science: Creating useful products for behavior change in the real world. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 6(2), 317–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-016-0395-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holl, K., Niederdeppe, J., & Schuldt, J. P. (2018). Does question wording predict support for the affordable care act? An analysis of polling during the implementation period, 2010–2016. Health Communication, 33(7), 816–823. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1315676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howe, A. (2020, June29). Opinion analysis: With Roberts providing the fifth vote, court strikes down Louisiana abortion law (Updated). SCOTUSblog. https://www.scotusblog.com/2020/06/opinion-analysis-with-roberts-providing-the-fifth-vote-court-strikes-down-louisiana-abortion-law/
   Google Scholar
• Hu, H., Allen, P., Yan, Y., Reis, R. S., Jacob, R. R., & Brownson, R. C. (2019). Organizational supports for research evidence use in state public health agencies: A latent class analysis. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 25(4), 373–381. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000000821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingersoll, K., Frederick, C., MacDonnell, K., Ritterband, L., Lord, H., Jones, B., & Truwit, L. (2018). A pilot RCT of an internet intervention to reduce the risk of alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 42(6), 1132–1144. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13635
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iyengar, S. (2005). Speaking of values: The framing of American politics. The Forum, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.2202/1540-8884.1093
   Google Scholar
• Jacob, R. R., Baker, E. A., Allen, P., Dodson, E. A., Duggan, K., Fields, R., Sequeira, S., & Brownson, R. C. (2014). Training needs and supports for evidence-based decision making among the public health workforce in the United States. BMC Health Services Research, 14(1), 564. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-014-0564-7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobs, J., Jones, E., Gabella, B., Spring, B., & Brownson, R. (2012). Tools for implementing an evidence-based approach in public health practice. Preventing Chronic Disease, 9(1), 110324. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd9.110324
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, E. (2019, May 29). Reviewing NPR’s language for covering abortion. NPR.org. National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/sections/publiceditor/2019/05/29/728069483/reviewing-nprs-language-for-covering-abortion
   Google Scholar
• Jerman, J., Frohwirth, L., Kavanaugh, M. L., & Blades, N. (2017). Barriers to abortion care and their consequences for patients traveling for services: Qualitative findings from two states. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 49(2), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1363/psrh.12024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joffe, C. (2013). The politicization of abortion and the evolution of abortion counseling. American Journal of Public Health, 103(1), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, B. S., Daniel, S., & Cloud, L. K. (2018). State law approaches to facility regulation of abortion and other office interventions. American Journal of Public Health, 108(4), 486–492. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, R. K., & Jerman, J. (2017). Population group abortion rates and lifetime incidence of abortion: United States, 2008–2014. American Journal of Public Health, 107(12), 1904–1909. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow (1 ed.). Farrar, Straus and Giroux. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6975.2012.01494.x
   Google Scholar
• Kohavi, R., & Longbotham, R. (2017). Online controlled experiments and A/B testing. In C. Sammut & G. I. Webb (Eds.), Encyclopedia of machine learning and data mining (pp. 922–929). Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7687-1_891
   Google Scholar
• Kreuter, M. W., & Wray, R. J. (2003). Tailored and targeted health communication: Strategies for enhancing information relevance. American Journal of Health Behavior, 27(S3), S227–232. https://doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.27.1.s3.6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumar, A. (2018). Disgust, stigma, and the politics of abortion. Feminism & Psychology, 28(4), 530–538. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959353518765572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakoff, G. (2002). Moral politics: How liberals and conservatives think. University Of Chicago Press. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/M/bo24837087.html
   Google Scholar
• Lakoff, G. (2004). Don’t think of an elephant!: Know your values and frame the debate: The essential guide for progressives. Chelsea Green Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• LaPelle, N. R., Luckmann, R., Simpson, E. H., & Martin, E. R. (2006). Identifying strategies to improve access to credible and relevant information for public health professionals: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 6(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-6-89
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LaRocca, R., Yost, J., Dobbins, M., Ciliska, D., & Butt, M. (2012). The effectiveness of knowledge translation strategies used in public health: A systematic review. BMC Public Health, 12(1), 751. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-751
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, L. M., & Zarowsky, C. (2015). Foundational values for public health. Public Health Reviews, 36(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-015-0004-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leichter, H. M. (2003). “Evil habits” and “personal choices”: Assigning responsibility for health in the 20th Century. The Milbank Quarterly, 81(4), 603–626. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0887-378X.2003.00296.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindo, J., Myers, C., Schlosser, A., & Cunningham, S. (2019). How far is too far? New evidence on abortion clinic closures, access, and abortions. Journal of Human Resources, 55(4), 1137–1160. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.55.4.1217-9254R3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludlow, J. (2008). The things we cannot say: Witnessing the traumatization of abortion in the United States. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 36(1–2), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1353/wsq.0.0057
   Google Scholar
• Mailchimp. (2019). Email marketing benchmarks. https://mailchimp.com/resources/email-marketing-benchmarks/
   Google Scholar
• Mazzucca, S., Parks, R. G., Tabak, R. G., Allen, P., Dobbins, M., Stamatakis, K. A., & Brownson, R. C. (2019). Assessing organizational supports for evidence based decision making in local public health departments in the United States: Development and psychometric properties of a new measure. Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 25(5), 454–463. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHH.0000000000000952
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1086/267990
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meisel, Z. F., Metlay, J. P., Sinnenberg, L., Kilaru, A. S., Grossestreuer, A., Barg, F. K., Shofer, F. S., Rhodes, K. V., & Perrone, J. (2016). A randomized trial testing the effect of narrative vignettes versus guideline summaries on provider response to a professional organization clinical policy for safe opioid prescribing. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 68(6), 719–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2016.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nash, E. (2019). State abortion policy landscape: From hostile to supportive [Policy analysis]. Guttmacher Institute. https://www.guttmacher.org/article/2019/08/state-abortion-policy-landscape-hostile-supportive
   Google Scholar
• National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2018). The safety and quality of abortion care in the United States. https://doi.org/10.17226/24950
   Google Scholar
• Norris, A., Bessett, D., Steinberg, J. R., Kavanaugh, M. L., De Zordo, S., & Becker, D. (2011). Abortion stigma: A reconceptualization of constituents, causes, and consequences. Women’s Health Issues, 21(3, Suppl.), S49–S54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2011.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palley, M. L., & Palley, H. A. (2014). The politics of women’s health care in the United States. Palgrave Macmillan US. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137008633
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, M. (2018, June). All about email open rates. Email Marketing. https://www.campaignmonitor.com/blog/email-marketing/2020/01/all-about-email-open-rates/
   Google Scholar
• Raymond, E. G., & Grimes, D. A. (2012). The comparative safety of legal induced abortion and childbirth in the United States. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 119(2 Pt 1), 215–219. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e31823fe923
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M., Fuentes, L., Berglas, N. F., & Dennis, A. J. (2017). A 21st-century public health approach to abortion. American Journal of Public Health, 107(12), 1878–1882. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304068
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M. (2019). The presence and consequences of abortion aversion in scientific research related to alcohol use during pregnancy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(16), 2888. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162888
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M., Beam, N., Liu, G., Upadhyay, U. D., Leslie, D. L., Ba, D., & Kerns, J. L. (2018). Miscarriage treatment-related morbidities and adverse events in hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, and office-based settings. Journal of Patient Safety, 16(4), e317–e323. https://doi.org/10.1097/PTS.0000000000000553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M., Fuentes, L., Kriz, R., Williams, V., & Upadhyay, U. D. (2015). Implications for women of Louisiana’s law requiring abortion providers to have hospital admitting privileges. Contraception, 91(5), 368–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.02.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roberts, S. C. M., Upadhyay, U. D., Liu, G., Kerns, J. L., Ba, D., Beam, N., & Leslie, D. L. (2018). Association of facility type with procedural-related morbidities and adverse events among patients undergoing induced abortions. JAMA, 319(24), 2497–2506. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.7675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothman, A. J., Bartels, R. D., Wlaschin, J., & Salovey, P. (2006). The strategic use of gain- and loss-framed messages to promote healthy behaviors: How theory can inform practice. Journal of Communication, 56(S1), S202–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00290.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarkies, M. N., Bowles, K.-A., Skinner, E. H., Haas, R., Lane, H., & Haines, T. P. (2017). The effectiveness of research implementation strategies for promoting evidence-informed policy and management decisions in healthcare: A systematic review. Implementation Science, 12(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-017-0662-0
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scheufele, D. A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1999.tb02784.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheufele, D. A., & Tewksbury, D. (2007). Framing, agenda setting, and priming: The evolution of three media effects models. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9916.2007.00326.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, R. (2007). The new politics of abortion: An equality analysis of woman-protective abortion restrictions. Faculty Scholarship Series, Yale Law School, 2007(3), 991–1053. http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/1138
   Google Scholar
• Stamatakis, K. A., Hino, A. A. F., Allen, P., McQueen, A., Jacob, R. R., Baker, E. A., & Brownson, R. C. (2017). Results from a psychometric assessment of a new tool for measuring evidence-based decision making in public health organizations. Evaluation and Program Planning, 60(2), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.08.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tabak, R. G., Khoong, E. C., Chambers, D. A., & Brownson, R. C. (2012). Bridging research and practice: Models for dissemination and implementation research. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 43(3), 337–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.05.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Texas Policy Evaluation Project. (2015). Abortion wait times in Texas: The shrinking capacity of facilities and the potential impact of closing non-ASC clinics [Research brief]. University of Texas Population Research Center. http://sites.utexas.edu/txpep/files/2016/01/Abortion_Wait_Time_Brief.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Themba, M., & Wallack, L. (2005). Meta messaging: Framing your case and reinforcing your allies [Framing brief]. The Praxis Project. http://www.bmsg.org/resources/publications/meta-messaging-framing-your-case-and-reinforcing-your-allies/
   Google Scholar
• Thibodeau, P. H., & Boroditsky, L. (2011). Metaphors we think with: The role of metaphor in reasoning. Plos One, 6(2), e16782. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, R. G., Norris, A. H., & Gallo, M. F. (2017). Anti-legal attitude toward abortion among abortion patients in the United States. Contraception, 96(5), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.07.166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay, U. D., Cartwright, A. F., Goyal, V., Belusa, E., & Roberts, S. C. M. (2019). Admitting privileges and hospital-based care after presenting for abortion: A retrospective case series. Health Services Research, 54(2), 425–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay, U. D., Desai, S., Zlidar, V., Weitz, T. A., Grossman, D., Anderson, P., & Taylor, D. (2015). Incidence of emergency department visits and complications after abortion. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 125(1), 175–183. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000000603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wattier, M. J., Daynes, B. W., & Tatalovich, R. (1996). Abortion attitudes, gender, and candidate choice in presidential elections. Women & Politics, 17(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1300/J014v17n01_03
   Google Scholar
• White, K., Baum, S. E., Hopkins, K., Potter, J. E., & Grossman, D. (2019). Change in second-trimester abortion after implementation of a restrictive state law. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 133(4), 771–779. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0000000000003183
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, K., Carroll, E., & Grossman, D. (2015). Complications from first-trimester aspiration abortion: A systematic review of the literature. Contraception, 92(5), 422–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.07.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt. (2016). 136 U.S. Supreme Court 994 (Supreme Court
   Google Scholar
• Young, S. W. H. (2014). Improving library user experience with A/B testing: Principles and process. Weave: Journal of Library User Experience, 1(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/weave.12535642.0001.101
   Google Scholar