192
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A Review on Terpenes as Skin Penetration Enhancers in Transdermal Drug Delivery

, &
Pages 423-428 | Received 01 Sep 2007, Accepted 01 Jul 2008, Published online: 08 Dec 2011

References

  • Gupta , P. and Garg , S. 2002 . Recent advances in semisolid dosage forms for dermatological application . Pharm. Technol. , 26 : 144 – 161 .
  • Downing , T. D. 1992 . Lipid and protein structures in the permeability barrier of mammalian epidermis . J. Lipid Res. , 33 : 301 – 313 .
  • Moss , G. P. , Dearden , J. C. , Patel , H. and Cronin , M. T. D. 2002 . Quantitative structure-permeability relationships (QSPRs) for percutaneous absorption . Toxicol. In Vitro. , 16 : 299 – 317 .
  • Hadgraft , J. and Lane , M. E. 2005 . Skin permeation: the years of enlightenment . Int. J. Pharm. , 305 : 2 – 12 .
  • Suhonen , T. M. , Bouwstra , J. A. and Urtti , A. 1999 . Chemical enhancement of percutaneous absorption in relation to stratum corneum structural alterations . J. Control. Rel. , 59 : 149 – 161 .
  • Bouwstra , J. A. , Dubblelaar , F. E. R. , Gooris , G. S. and Ponec , M. 2000 . The lipid organization in the skin barrier . Acta Derm Venereol., Supp , 208 : 23 – 30 .
  • Jager , M. W. D. , Gooris , G. S. , Dolbnya , I. P. , Ponec , M. and Bouwstra , J. A. 2004 . Modeling the stratum corneum lipid organisation with synthetic lipid mixtures: the importance of synthetic ceramide composition . Biochim. Biophys. Acta. , 1684 : 132 – 140 .
  • Wertz , P. W. 2000 . Lipids and barrier function of the skin . Acta Derm Venereol., Supp , 208 : 7 – 11 .
  • Barry , B. W. 2004 . Breaching the skin's barrier to drugs . Nat. Biotechnol. , 22 : 165 – 167 .
  • Nemanic , M. K. and Elias , P. M. 1980 . In situ precipitation: a novel cytochemical technique for visualization of permeability pathways in mammalian stratum corneum . J. Histochem. Cytochem. , 28 : 573 – 578 .
  • Yamashita , F. and Hashida , M. 2003 . Mechanistic and empirical modeling of skin permeation of drugs . Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , 55 : 1185 – 1199 .
  • Walker , R. B. and Smith , E. W. 1996 . The role of percutaneous penetration enhancers . Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , 18 : 295 – 301 .
  • Lavon , I. and Kost , J. 2004 . Ultrasound and transdermal drug delivery . Drug Discov. Today , 9 : 670 – 676 .
  • Merino , G. , Kalia , Y. N. and Guy , R. H. 2003 . Ultrasound-enhanced transdermal transport . J. Pharm. Sci. , 92 : 1125 – 1137 .
  • Green , P. G. 1996 . Iontophoretic delivery of peptide drugs . J. Control. Rel. , 41 : 33 – 48 .
  • Naik , A. , Kalia , Y. N. and Guy , R. H. 2000 . Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skin's barrier function . Pharm. Sci. Technol. Today , 3 : 318 – 326 .
  • Hashida , M. and Yamashita , F. 1995 . “ Terpenes as penetration enhancers ” . In Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers , Edited by: Smith , E. W. and Maibach , H. I. 309 – 321 . Florida : CRC Press .
  • Barry , B. W. 1991 . Lipid-protein-partitioning theory of skin penetration enhancement . J. Control. Rel. , 15 : 237 – 248 .
  • Williams , A. C. and Barry , B. W. 2004 . Penetration enhancers . Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , 56 : 603 – 618 .
  • Godwin , D. A. and Michniak , B. B. 1999 . Influence of drug lipophilicity on terpenes as transdermal penetration enhancers . Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. , 25 : 905 – 915 .
  • Lim , P. F. C. , Liu , X. Y. , Kang , L. , Ho , P. C. L. , Chan , Y. W. and Chan , S. Y. 2006 . Limonene GP1/PG organogel as a vehicle in the transdermal delivery of haloperidol . Int. J. Pharm. , 311 : 157 – 164 .
  • Almirall , M. , Montana , J. , Escribano , E. , Obach , R. and Berrozpe , J. D. 1996 . Effect of d-limonene, α-pinene and cineole on in vitro transdermal human skin penetration of chloropromazine and haloperidol . Drug Res. , 46 : 676 – 680 .
  • Cornwell , P. A. and Barry , B. W. 1994 . Sesquiterpene components of volatile oils as skin penetration enhancers for the hydrophilic permeant 5-fluorouracil . J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , 46 : 261 – 269 .
  • Yamane , M. A. , Williams , A. C. and Barry , B. W. 1995 . Effects of terpenes and oleic acid as skin penetration enhancers towards 5-fluorouracil as assessed with time; permeation, partitioning and differential scanning calorimetry . Int. J. Pharm. , 116 : 237 – 251 .
  • Krishnaiah , Y. S. R. , Bhaskar , P. and Satyanarayana , V. 2004 . Formulation and evaluation of limonene-based membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system of nimodipine . Drug Deliv. , 11 : 1 – 9 .
  • Kunta , J. R. , Goskonda , V. R. , Brotherton , H. O. , Khan , M. A. and Reddy , I. K. 1997 . Effect of menthol and related terpenes on the percutaneous absorption of propranolol across excised hairless mouse skin . J. Pharm. Sci. , 86 : 1369 – 1373 .
  • Kararli , T. T. , Kirchhoff , C. F. and Penzotti , S. C. 1995 . Enhancement of transdermal transport of azidothymidine (AZT) with novel terpene and terpene-like enhancers: in vivo-in vitro correlations . J. Control. Rel. , 34 : 43 – 51 .
  • Krishnaiah , Y. S. R. , Satyanarayana , V. and Bhaskar , P. 2003 . Influence of menthol and pressure-sensitive adhesives on the in vivo performance of membrane-moderated transdermal therapeutic system of nicardipine hydrochloride in human volunteers . Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. , 55 : 329 – 337 .
  • Nokhodchi , A. , Sharabiani , K. , Rashidi , M. R. and Ghafourian , T. 2007 . The effect of terpene concentrations on skin penetration of diclofenac sodium . Int. J. Pharm. , 335 : 97 – 105 .
  • Babu , R. J. and Pandit , J. K. 2005 . Effect of penetration enhancers on the transdermal delivery of bupranolol through rat skin . Drug Deliv. , 12 : 165 – 169 .
  • Font , A. F. , Fernandez , C. B. , Merino , V. , Rodilla , V. and Castellano , A. L. 2005 . Effect of chemical enhancers on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of sumatriptan succinate . Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. , 61 : 50 – 55 .
  • Kang , L. , Liu , X. Y. , Sawant , P. D. , Ho , P. C. , Chan , Y. W. and Chan , S. Y. 2005 . SMGA gels for the skin permeation of haloperidol . J. Control. Rel. , 106 : 88 – 98 .
  • Vaddi , H. K. , Ho , P. C. , Chan , Y. W. and Chan , S. Y. 2002 . Terpenes in ethanol: haloperidol permeation and partition through human skin and stratum corneum changes . J. Control. Rel. , 81 : 121 – 133 .
  • Zhao , K. and Singh , J. 2000 . Mechanism(s) of in vitro percutaneous absorption enhancement of tamoxifen by enhancers . J. Pharm. Sci. , 89 : 771 – 780 .
  • Cornwell , P. A. and Barry , B. W. 1993 . The routes of penetration of ions and 5-fluorouracil across human skin and the mechanisms of action of terpene skin penetration enhancers . Int. J. Pharm. , 94 : 189 – 194 .
  • Amnuaikit , C. , Ikeuchi , I. , Ogawara , K. , Higaki , K. and Kimura , T. 2005 . Skin permeation of propranolol from polymeric film containing terpene enhancers for transdermal use . Int. J. Pharm. , 289 : 167 – 178 .
  • Narishetty , S. T. K. and Panchagnula , R. 2004 . Transdermal delivery of zidovudine: effect of terpenes and their mechanism of action . J. Control. Rel. , 95 : 367 – 379 .
  • Ueda , H. , Isshiki , R. , Ogihara , M. , Sugibayashi , K. and Morimoto , Y. 1996 . Combined effect of ultrasound and chemical enhancers on the skin permeation of aminopyrine . Int. J. Pharm. , 143 : 37 – 45 .
  • Rastogi , S. K. and Singh , J. 2005 . Effect of chemical penetration enhancers and iontophoresis on the in vitro percutaneous absorption enhancement of insulin through porcine epidermis . Pharm. Dev. Tech. , 1 : 97 – 104 .
  • Engstrom , S. , Ekelund , K. , Engblom , J. , Eriksson , L. , Sparr , E. and Wennerstrom , H. 2000 . The skin barrier from a lipid perspective . Acta Derm Venereol., Supp , 208 : 31 – 35 .
  • Wang , M. Y. , Yang , Y. Y. and Heng , P. W. S. 2005 . Skin permeation of physostigmine from fatty acids-based formulations: evaluating the choice of solvent . Int. J. Pharm. , 290 : 25 – 36 .
  • Wang , M. Y. , Yang , Y. Y. and Heng , P. W. S. 2004 . Role of solvent in interactions between fatty acids-based formulations and lipids in porcine stratum corneum . J. Control. Rel. , 94 : 207 – 216 .
  • Knutson , K. , Potts , R. O. , Guzek , D. B. , Golden , G. M. , McKie , J. E. , Lambert , W. J. and Higuchi , W. I. 1985 . Macro- and molecular physical-chemical considerations in understanding drug transport in the stratum corneum . J. Control. Rel. , 2 : 67 – 87 .
  • Jain , A. K. , Thomas , N. S. and Panchagnula , R. 2002 . Transdermal drug delivery of imipramine hydrochloride. I. Effect of terpenes . J. Control. Rel. , 79 : 93 – 101 .
  • Ongpipattanakul , B. , Burnette , R. R. , Potts , R. O. and Francoeur , M. L. 1991 . Evidence that oleic acid exists in a separate phase with stratum corneum lipids . Pharm. Res. , 8 : 350 – 354 .
  • Moghimi , H. R. , Williams , A. C. and Barry , B. W. 1997 . A lamellar matrix model for stratum corneum intercellular lipids. V. Effects of terpene penetration enhancers on the structure and thermal behaviour of the matrix . Int. J. Pharm. , 146 : 41 – 54 .
  • Panchagnula , R. , Desu , H. , Jain , A. and Khandavilli , S. 2005 . Feasibility studies of dermal delivery of paclitaxel with binary combinations of ethanol and isopropyl mysristate: role of solubility, partitioning and lipid bilayer perturbation . II Farmaco. , 60 : 894 – 899 .
  • Vaddi , H. K. , Ho , P. C. and Chan , S. Y. 2002 . Terpenes in propylene glycol as skin-penetration enhancers: permeation and partition of haloperidol, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry . J. Pharm. Sci. , 91 : 1639 – 1651 .
  • Krishnaiah , Y. S. R. , Satyanarayana , V. and Bhaskar , P. 2002 . Effect of limonene on the in vitro permeation of nicardipine hydrochloride across the excised rat abdominal skin . Pharmazie , 57 : 842 – 847 .
  • Vaddi , H. K. , Ho , P. C. , Chan , Y. W. and Chan , S. Y. 2003 . Oxide terpenes as human skin penetration enhancers of haloperidol from ethanol and propylene glycol and their modes of action on stratum corneum . Biol. Pharm. Bull. , 26 : 220 – 228 .
  • Valiveti , S. , Hammell , D. C. , Earles , D. C. and Stinchcomb , A. L. 2004 . In vitro/in vivo correlation studies for transdermal δ8-THC development . J. Pharm. Sci. , 93 : 1154 – 1164 .
  • Panchagnula , R. , Bokalial , R. , Sharma , P. and Khandavilli , S. 2005 . Transdermal delivery of naloxone: skin permeation, pharmacokinetic, irritancy and stability studies . Int. J. Pharm. , 293 : 213 – 223 .
  • Krishnaiah , Y. S. R. , Al-Saidan , S. M. , Chandrasekhar , D. V. and Satyanarayana , V. 2005 . Bioavailability of nerodilol-based transdermal therapeutic system of nicorandil in human volunteers . J. Control. Rel. , 106 : 111 – 122 .
  • Howard , P. H. and Meylan , W. M. , eds. 1997 . Handbook of Physical Properties of Organic Chemicals , Florida : CRC Press .
  • DrugBank http://redpoll.pharmacy.ualberta.ca/drugbank/index.htmlAccessed on Dec 13, 2007
  • Syracuse Research Corporation . http://www.syrres.com/esc/est_kowdemo.htmAccessed on Dec 13, 2007

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.