Monitoring the Climate: Exploring the Psychological Environment in an Elite Soccer Academy

REFERENCES

• Ames, C. (1992a). Achievement goals, motivational climate, and motivational processes. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in sport and Exercise (pp. 161–176). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Ames, C. (1992b). Classrooms: Goals, structures, and student motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 261–271. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ames, C., Ames, R., & Felker, D. W. (1977). Effects of competitive reward structures and valence of outcome on children’s achievement attributions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 69, 1–8. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.69.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balaguer, I., Crespo, M., & Duda, J. L. (1999). Motivational climate and goal orientations as predictors of perceptions of improvement, satisfaction and coach ratings among tennis players. Scandinavian Journal of Medical Science in Sport, 9, 381–388. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1999.tb00260.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkoukis, V., Koidou, E., & Tsorbatzoudis, H. (2009). Effects of a motivational climate intervention on state anxiety, self-efficacy, and skill development in physical education. European Journal of Sport Science, 10, 167–177. doi:10.1080/17461390903426634
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowler, M. (2009, September). The influence of the TARGET motivational climate structures on pupil physical activity levels during year 9 athletics lessons. Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, University of Manchester, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Boyce, A. B., Gano-Overway, L. A., & Campbell, A. M. (2009). Perceived motivational climate’s influence on goal orientations, perceived competence, and practice strategies across the athletic season. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21, 381–394. doi:10.1080/10413200903204887
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter, P. J., & Morgan, K. (1999). Motivational climate, personal goal perspectives, and cognitive and affective responses in physical education classes, European Journal of Physical Education, 4, 31–41. doi:10.1080/1740898990040103
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter, P., & Yates, B. (1997). Relationship between achievement goals and the perceived purpose of soccer for semi-professional and amateur players. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19, 302–312. doi:10.1123/jsep.19.3.302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cecchini, J. A., Fernandez-Rio, J., Mendez-Gimenez, A., Cecchini, C., & Martins, L. (2014). Epstein’s TARGET framework and motivational climate in sport: Effects of a field-based, long-term intervention program. International Journal of Sport Science & Coaching, 9, 1325–1340. doi:10.1260/1747-9541.9.6.1325
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, D. K., Lonsdale, C., & H. H. Fung. (2012). Influences of coaches, parents and peers on the motivational patterns of child and adolescent athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 22, 558–568. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01277.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook, C., Crust, L., Littlewood, M., Nesti, M., & Allen-Collinson, J. (2014). ‘What it takes’: Perceptions of mental toughness and its development in an English Premier League soccer academy. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 6, 329–347. doi:10.1080/2159676X.2013.857708
   Google Scholar
• Curran, T., Hill, A. P., Hall, H. K., & Jowett, G. E. (2015). Relationships between the coach-created motivational climate and athlete engagement in youth sport. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 37, 193–198. doi:10.1123/jsep.2014-0203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cushion, C., & Jones, R.L. (2006). Power, discourse, and symbolic violence in professional youth soccer: The case of Albion Football Club. Sociology of Sport Journal, 23, 142–161. doi:10.1123/ssj.23.2.142
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duda, J. L., & Balaguer, I. (2007). Coach-created motivational climate. In S. Jowett & D. Lavallee (Eds.), Social psychology in Sport (pp. 117–130). Leeds, UK: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95, 256–273.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein, J. (1989). Family structure and student’s motivation: A development perspective. In C. Ames & R. Ames (Eds.), Research on motivation in education: Goals and cognitions (Vol. 3, pp. 259–295). New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Finn, J., & McKenna, J. (2010). Coping with academy-to-first-team transitions in elite English male team sports: The coaches’ perspective. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 5, 257–279. doi:10.1260/1747-9541.5.2.257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harwood, C. G., Keegan, R. J., Smith, J. M. J., & Raine, A. S. (2015). A systematic review of the intrapersonal correlates of motivational climate perceptions in sport and physical activity. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 18, 9–25. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harwood, C. G., & Swain, A. B. (1998). Antecedents of pre-competition achievement goals in elite junior tennis players. Journal of Sport Sciences, 14, 357–371. doi:10.1080/02640419808559364
   Google Scholar
• Hassan, M. F. H., & Morgan, K. (2015). Effects of a mastery intervention programme on the motivational climate and achievement goals in sport coaching: A pilot study. International Journal of Sport Science and Coaching, 10, 487–503. doi:10.1260/1747-9541.10.2-3.487
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hjalm, S., Kentta, G., Hassenan, P., & Gustafssn, H. (2007). Burnout among elite soccer coaches. Journal of Sport Behaviour, 30, 415–427.
   Google Scholar
• Keegan, R. J., Harwood, C. G., Spray, C. M., & Lavallee, D. E. (2010). From motivational climate to motivational atmosphere: A review of research examining the social and environmental influences on athlete motivation in sport. In B. D. Geranto (Ed.), Sport psychology. New York, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Keegan, R. J., Harwood, C. G., Spray, C. M., & Lavallee, D. E. (2014). A qualitative investigation of the motivational climate in elite sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15, 97–107.doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.10.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaren, C. D., Eys, M. A., & Murray, R. A. (2015). A coach-initiated motivational climate intervention and athlete’s perceptions of group cohesion in youth sport. Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology, 4, 113–126. doi:10.1037/spy0000026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, A., Butt, J., Maynard, I., & Harwood, C. (2012). Identifying factors perceived to influence the development of elite youth football academy players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30, 1593–1604. doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.710753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills, A., Butt, J., Maynard, I., & Harwood, C. (2014). Examining the development environments of elite English football academies: The players’ perspective. International Journal of Sport Science and Coaching, 9, 1457–1472. doi:https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.6.1457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, K. (2008). Pedagogy for coaches. In R. L. Jones, M. Hughes, & K. Kingston (Eds.), An introduction to sports coaching: From science and theory to practice (pp. 3–15). London, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, K., & Kingston, K. (2008). Development of a self-observation mastery intervention programme for teacher education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 13, 109–129. doi:10.1080/17408980701345634
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, K., & Kingston, K. (2010). Promoting a mastery motivational climate in a higher education sports class. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, 9, 73–84. doi:10.3794/johlste.91.236
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, K., Sproule, J., Weigand, D., & Carpenter, P. (2005). A computer-based observational assessment of the teaching behaviours that influence motivational climate in physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 10, 113–135. doi:10.1080/1740898042000334926
   Google Scholar
• Mosston, M., & Ashworth, S. (2002). Teaching physical education (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Benjamin Cummings.
   Google Scholar
• Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. Psychological Review, 91, 328–346. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.91.3.328
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ntoumanis, N., & Biddle, S. (1999). A review of motivational climate in physical activity. Journal of Sport Sciences, 17, 43–665. doi:10.1080/026404199365678
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owusu-Sekyere, F., & Gervis, M. (2016). In the pursuit of mental toughness: Is creating mentally tough players a disguise for emotional abuse? International Journal of Coaching Science, 10(1), 3–23.
   Google Scholar
• Pitt, T., Wolfson, S., & Moss, M. (2014). The relationship between fear of failure and self-talk in winning and losing situations. Sport and Exercise Science Review, 10, 91–97.
   Google Scholar
• Roan, D. (2014, August 21). Are foreign players really damaging the Premier League? Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/z9wjq6f
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, G. C. (2001). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in physical activity: The influence of achievement goals on motivational processes. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 1–50). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, G. C. (2012). Motivation in sport and exercise from an achievement goal theory perspective: After 30 years, where are we? In G. C. Roberts & D. C. Treasure (Eds.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 5–58). Leeds, UK: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Roberts, G. C., & Kristiansen, E. (2012). Goal setting to enhance motivation in sport. In G. C. Roberts & D. C. Treasure (Eds.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (3rd ed., pp. 207–228). Leeds, UK: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Sagar, S. S., Busch, B. K., & Jowett, S. (2010). Success and failure, fear of failure, and coping responses of adolescent academy football players. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 22, 213–230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saotome, H., Harada, K., & Nakamura, Y. (2012). The relationship between perceived motivational climate and goal orientations among Japanese high school ice hockey players. Journal of Japan Society of Sports Industry, 7, 81–88.
   Google Scholar
• Seifriz, J. L., Duda, J. L., & Chi, L. (1992). The relationship of perceived motivational climate in intrinsic motivation and beliefs about success in basketball. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 14, 375–391. doi:10.1123/jsep.14.4.375
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J. A., & Osborn, M. (2003). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In J. A. Smith (Ed.), Qualitative psychology, a practical guide to research methods (pp. 51–80). London, UK: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Cumming, S. P. (2007). Effects of a motivational climate intervention for coaches on young athletes’ sport performances anxiety. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 29, 39–59. doi:10.1123/jsep.29.1.39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar