The role of self-care and professional quality of life in sustaining a long-lasting career in sport psychology: A qualitative exploration

References

• Acker, G. M. (2012). Burnout among mental health care providers. Journal of Social Work, 12(5), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468017310392418
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amis, J. M., & Silk, M. L. (2008). The philosophy and politics of quality in qualitative organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 11(3), 456–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428107300341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen, M. B., Van Raalte, J. L., & Brewer, B. W. (2001). Sport psychology service delivery: staying ethical while keeping loose. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 32(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.32.1.12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aoyagi, M. W., & Portenga, S. T. (2010). The role of positive ethics and virtues in the context of sport and performance psychology service delivery. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(3), 253–259. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019483
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, E. K. (2003). Caring for ourselves: A. therapist’s guide to personal and professional well-being. American Psychological Association Press.
   Google Scholar
• Barnett, J. E., Baker, E. K., Elman, N. S., & Schoener, G. R. (2007). In pursuit of wellness: The self-care imperative. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(6), 603–612. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.38.6.603
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowling, N. A., Alarcon, G. M., Bragg, C. B., & Hartman, M. J. (2015). A meta-analytic examination of the potential correlates and consequences of workload. Work & Stress, 29(2), 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2015.1033037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, D. J., Arnold, R., Fletcher, D., & Standage, M. (2017). Human thriving. European Psychologist, 22(3), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000294
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brucato, B., & Neimeyer, G. J. (2009). Epistemology as a predictor of therapists’ self-care and coping. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 22(4), 269–282. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720530903113805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design (4th ed.). Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Crook-Lyon, R. E., Goates-Jones, M. K., & Hill, C. E. (2012). Getting started. In C. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomena (pp. 32–38). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Di Benedetto, M., & Swalding, M. (2014). Burnout in Australian psychologists: Correlations with work-setting, mindfulness and self-care behaviours. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 19(6), 705–715. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2013.861602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominguez-Gomez, E., & Rutledge, D. N. (2009). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among emergency nurses. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 35(3), 199–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2008.05.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorociak, K. E., Rupert, P. A., & Zahniser, E. (2017). Work life, well-being, and self-care across the professional lifespan of psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 48(6), 429–437. https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000160
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flynn, S. V., Korcuska, J. S., Brady, N. V., & Hays, D. G. (2019). A 15-year content analysis of three qualitative research traditions. Counselor Education and Supervision, 58(1), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.12123
   Google Scholar
• Haberl, P., & Peterson, K. (2006). Olympic-size ethical dilemmas: Issues and challenges for sport psychology consultants on the road and at the Olympic Games. Ethics & Behavior, 16(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327019eb1601_4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill, C. (2012a). Consensual qualitative research. American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, C. (2012b). Introduction to consensual qualitative research. In C. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomena (pp 10–22). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Hill, C. E., Knox, S., Thompson, B. J., Williams, E. N., Hess, S. A., & Ladany, N. (2005). Consensual qualitative research: An update. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(2), 196–205. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.196
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, L., & Skovholt, T. M. (1999). The cognitive, emotional, and relational characteristics of master therapists. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 46(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.46.1.3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, K., Han, Y., Kwak, Y., & Kim, J. S. (2015). Professional quality of life and clinical competencies among Korean nurses. Asian Nursing Research, 9(3), 200–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2015.03.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Stoner, M. (2008). Burnout and turnover intention among social workers: Effects of role stress, job autonomy and social support. Administration in Social Work, 32(3), 5–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/03643100801922357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp, S. J., & VandeCreek, L. D. (2012). Practical ethics for psychologists: A positive approach. American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Knapp, S. J., VandeCreek, L. D., & Fingerhut, R. (2017). Practical ethics for psychologists: A positive approach (3rd ed.). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Ladany, N., Thompson, B. J., & Hill, C. E. (2012). Cross-analysis. In C. E. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomena (pp. 117–134). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Larsen, D., & Stamm, B. H. (2008). Professional quality of life and trauma therapists. In S. Joseph & P. A. Linley (Eds.), Trauma, recovery, and growth: Positive psychological perspectives on posttraumatic stress (p. 275–293). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Laverdière, O., Kealy, D., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Chamberland, S., & Descôteaux, J. (2019). Psychotherapists’ professional quality of life. Traumatology, 25(3), 208–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000177
   Google Scholar
• Lawson, G., & Myers, J. E. (2011). Wellness, professional quality of life, and career‐sustaining behaviors: What keeps us well? Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(2), 163–171. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00074.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maslach, C. (2003). Burnout: The cost of caring. Malor Books.
   Google Scholar
• McCann, S. C. (2000). Doing sport psychology at the really big show. In M. B. Andersen (Ed.), Doing sport psychology (p. 209–222). Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• McCormack, H. M., MacIntyre, T. E., O’Shea, D., Campbell, M. J., & Igou, E. R. (2015). Practicing what we preach: Investigating the role of social support in sport Psychologists’ Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1854. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01854
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwan, H. E., & Tod, D. (2015). Learning experiences contributing to service-delivery competence in applied psychologists: Lessons for sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 27(1), 79–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2014.952460
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwan, H. E., Tod, D., & Eubank, M. (2019). The rocky road to individuation: Sport psychologists’ perspectives on professional development. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 45, 101542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.101542
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norcross, J. C., & VandenBos, G. R. (2018). Leaving it at the office: A guide to psychotherapist self-care (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Poczwardowski, A. (2019). Deconstructing sport and performance psychology consultant: Expert, person, performer, and self-regulator. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17(5), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2017.1390484
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. T. (2005). How to survive and thrive as a therapist: Information, ideas, and resources for psychologists in practice. American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Posluns, K., & Gall, T. L. (2020). Dear mental health practitioners, take care of yourselves: A literature review on self-care. International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling, 42(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-019-09382-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quartiroli, A. & Etzel, E. (2012). Ethics and Self-care of Sport and Exercise Psychology Professionals. APA 2012 National Convention, Orlando, FL, August 2-5, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Quartiroli, A., Etzel, E. F., Knight, S. M., & Zakrajsek, R. A. (2019a). Self-care as key to others’ care: The perspectives of globally situated experienced senior-level sport psychology practitioners. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 31(2), 147–167. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2018.1460420
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quartiroli, A., Etzel, E. F., Knight, S. M., & Zakrajsek, R. A. (2019b). The multifaceted meaning of sport psychology professional quality of life. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 13(4), 645–667. https://doi.org/10.1123/jcsp.2017-0048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quartiroli, A., Knight, S. M., Etzel, E. F., & Zakrajsek, R. A. (2019c). Fostering and sustaining sport psychology professional quality of life: The perspectives of senior-level, experienced sport psychology practitioners. The Sport Psychologist, 33(2), 148–158. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2017-0140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quartiroli, A., Knight, S. M., Etzel, E. F., & Monaghan, M. (2017). Using Skype to facilitate team-based qualitative research, including the process of data analysis. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(6), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2016.1275371
   Google Scholar
• Richman, J. M., Rosenfeld, L. B., & Hardy, C. J. (1993). The social support survey: A validation study of a clinical measure of the social support process. Research on Social Work Practice, 3(3), 288–311. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973159300300304
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, C. R. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality, and interpersonal relationships: As developed in the client-centered framework. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: A study of a science. Formulations of the person and the social context (Vol. 3, pp. 184–256). McGraw Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Rønnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2003). The journey of the counselor and therapist: Research findings and perspectives on professional development. Journal of career development, 30(1), 5–44.
   Google Scholar
• Rønnestad, M. H., & Skovholt, T. M. (2013). The developing practitioner: Growth and stagnation of therapists and counselors. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2011). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Rupert, P. A., & Dorociak, K. E. (2019). Self-care, stress, and well-being among practicing psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 50(5), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000251
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rupert, P. A., & Kent, J. S. (2007). Gender and work setting differences in career-sustaining behaviors and burnout among professional psychologists. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38(1), 88–96. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.38.1.88
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders, B., Sim, J., Kingstone, T., Baker, S., Waterfield, J., Bartlam, B., Burroughs, H., & Jinks, C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity, 52(4), 1893–1907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharifian, B. (2019). Examining the relationship between self-care and professional quality of life in counseling and clinical psychology trainees [Unpublished master’s thesis]. University of Texas at Tyler. https://scholarworks.uttyler.edu/psychology_grad/7/
   Google Scholar
• Sim, W., Huang, T. C., & Hill, C. E. (2012). Biases and Expectations. In C. E. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomenon (p. 59–71). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Skovholt, T. M., & Trotter-Mathison, M. (2016). Counseling and psychotherapy: Investigating practice from scientific, historical, and cultural perspectives. The resilient practitioner: Burnout prevention and self-care strategies for counselors, therapists, teachers, and health professionals (3rd ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Sly, D., Mellalieu, S. D., & Wagstaff, C. R. D. (2020). “It’s psychology Jim, but not as we know it!”: The changing face of applied sport psychology. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 9(1), 87–101. https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, B., & McGannon, K. R. (2018). Developing rigor in qualitative research: Problems and opportunities within sport and exercise psychology. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 11(1), 101–121. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2017.1317357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahl, J. V., Taylor, N. E., & Hill, C. E. (2012). Philosophical and historical background of consensual qualitative research. In C. E. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomenon (pp. 23–30). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Stamm, B. H. (2010). The ProQOL (Professional quality of life scale: Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue). ProQOL.org.
   Google Scholar
• Stapleton, A. B., Hankes, D. M., Hays, K. F., & Parham, W. D. (2010). Ethical dilemmas in sport psychology: A dialogue on the unique aspects impacting practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(2), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017976
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevanovic, P., & Rupert, P. A. (2004). Career-sustaining behaviors, satisfactions, and stresses of professional psychologists. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 41(3), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.41.3.301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, B. J., Vivino, B. L., & Hill, C. E. (2012). Coding the data: Domains and core ideas. In C. E. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomenon (pp. 103–116). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Tod, D. (2007). The long and winding road: Professional development in sport psychology. The Sport Psychologist, 21(1), 94–108. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.21.1.94
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tod, D., Andersen, M. B., & Marchant, D. B. (2009). A longitudinal examination of neophyte applied sport psychologists’ development. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 21(S1), S1–S16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200802593604
   Google Scholar
• Tsui, E. Y., Chan, C. H. Y., & Tin, A. F. (2015). Beyond professional competence. Effect of equanimity on the professional quality of life among health-care professionals working in perinatal bereavement support. Illness, Crisis, & Loss, 24(2), 88–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1054137315587644
   Google Scholar
• Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-span perspective with emphasis on the separability of perceived and received support. Perspectives on Psychological Science : A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 4(3), 236–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01122.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vivino, B. L., Thompson, B. J., & Hill, C. E. (2012). The research team. In C. E. Hill (Ed.), Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomenon (pp. 39–47). American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Waumsley, J. A., Hemmings, B., & Payne, S. M. (2010). Work-life balance, role conflict and the UK sport psychology consultant. The Sport Psychologist, 24(2), 245–262. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.24.2.245
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar