The Nature of Mood: Development of a Conceptual Model with a Focus on Depression

References

• Abramson , L. Y. , Metalsky , G. I. and Alloy , L. B. 1989 . Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype depression . Psychological Review , 96 : 358 – 372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandura , A. 1990 . Perceived self-efficacy in the exercise of personal agency . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 2 : 128 – 163 .
   Google Scholar
• Baron , R. M. and Kenny , D. A. 1986 . The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 51 : 1173 – 1182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batson , C. D. , Shaw , L. L. and Oleson , K. C. 1992 . “ Differentiating affect, mood, and emotion: Toward functionally based conceptual distinctions ” . In Emotion , Edited by: Clark , M. S. 294 – 326 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Beatty , S. and Hewitt , J. 1995 . Affective reactions to failure as a function of effort and depression . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 80 : 33 – 34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck , A. T. and Clark , D. A. 1988 . Anxiety and depression: An information processing perspective . Anxiety Research , 1 : 23 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Beedie , C. , Terry , P. C. and Lane , A. M. 2000 . The profile of mood states and athletic performance: Two meta-analyses . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 12 : 49 – 69 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bower , G. 1981 . Mood and memory . American Psychologist , 36 : 129 – 148 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehm , J. W. 1999 . The intensity of emotion . Personality and Social Psychology Review , 3 : 2 – 22 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown , J. D. and Mankowski , T. A. 1993 . Self-esteem, mood self-evaluation: Changes in mood and the way you see you . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 64 : 421 – 430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cella , D. F. , Jacobsen , P. B. , Orav , E. J. , Holland , J. C. , Silberfarb , P. M. and Rafla , S. 1987 . A brief POMS measure of distress for cancer patients . Journal of Chronic Disorders , 40 : 939 – 942 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cervone , D. , Kopp , D. A. , Schaumann , L. and Scott , W. D. 1994 . Mood, self-efficacy, and performance standards: Lower moods induce higher standards of performance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 67 : 499 – 512 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , L. and Watson , D. 1991 . Tripartite model of anxiety and depression: Psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 100 : 316 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , N. A. 1999 . Test of a conceptual model of mood in physical education , UK : Brunel University . Unpublished MSc thesis
   Google Scholar
• Cluff , L. E. 1991 . Medical aspects of delayed convalescence . Review of Infections , 13 ( Supplement 1 ) : S138 – 140 .
   Google Scholar
• Comunian , A. L. 1989 . Some characteristics of relations among depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 69 : 755 – 764 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crocker , P. R. E. and Graham , T. R. 1995 . Emotion in sport and physical activity: The importance of perceived individual goals . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 26 : 117 – 137 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry , D. A. 1999 . Mood states as predictors of goal attainment in physical education , UK : Brunel University . Unpublished MSc thesis
   Google Scholar
• Daley , A. and Parfitt , G. 1994 . Physical fitness, levels of physical activity, and mood state in members of a corporate health and fitness club . Journal of Sports Sciences , 12 : 188
   Google Scholar
• Davidson , R. J. and Ekman , P. 1994 . “ How are emotions distinguished from moods, temperament, and other related affect constructs ” . In The Nature of Emotion , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. J. 94 – 96 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dobson , K. S. 1985 . The relationship between anxiety and depression . Clinical Psychology Review , 5 : 234 – 307 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle , J. and Parfitt , G. 1999 . The effect of induced mood on performance profile areas of perceived need . Journal of Sports Sciences , 17 : 115 – 127 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Easterbrook , J. A. 1959 . The effect of emotion on cue utilization and the organisation of behavior . Psychological Review , 66 : 183 – 201 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman , P. 1994 . “ Moods, emotions, and traits ” . In The Nature of Emotion , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. J. 56 – 58 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hanin , Y. L. 1997 . Emotions and athletic performance: Individual zones of optimal functioning model . European Yearbook of Sport Psychology , 1 : 29 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Hanin , Y. L. and Syriä , P. 1996 . Predicted, actual and recalled affect in Olympic-level soccer players: Ideographic assessments on individualized scales . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 18 : 325 – 335 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassmén , P. and Blomstrand , E. 1995 . Mood state relationships and soccer team performance . The Sport Psychologist , 9 : 297 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirt , E. R. , Melton , R. J. , McDonald , H. E. and Harackiewics , J. M. 1996 . Processing goals, task interest, and the mood-performance relationship: A mediational analysis . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 71 : 245 – 261 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane , A. M. and Terry , P. C. . The conceptual independence of tension and depression . From Community Health to Elite Sport: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science Congress . Edited by: Sargeant , A. J. and Siddons , H. pp. 146 Liverpool, , UK : Health Care Development .
   Google Scholar
• Lane , A. M. and Terry , P. C. 1998b . Prediction of athletic performance from mood: Test of a conceptual model . The Psychologist , August : 109
   Google Scholar
• Lane , A. M. and Terry , P. C. . Mood states as predictors of performance: Test of a conceptual model . From Community Health to Elite Sport: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science Congress . Edited by: Sargeant , A. J. and Siddons , H. pp. 145 Liverpool, , UK : Health Care Development .
   Google Scholar
• Lane , A. M. , Terry , P. C. , Karageorghis , C. I. and Lawson , J. 1999 . Mood states as predictors of kickboxing performance: A test of a conceptual model . Journal of Sports Sciences , 17 : 61 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Lazarus , R. 1994 . “ The stable and the unstable in emotion ” . In The Nature of Emotion , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. J. 79 – 98 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• LeUnes , A. and Burger , J. 1998 . Bibliography on the Profile of Mood States in sport and exercise psychology research, 1971–1998 . Journal of Sport Behavior , 2 : 53 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Markus , H. 1977 . Self-schemata and processing information about the self . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 35 : 63 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNair , D. M. , Lorr , M. and Droppleman , L. F. 1971 . Manual for the Profile of Mood States , San Diego, CA : Educational and Industrial Testing Services .
   Google Scholar
• Mogg , K. , Bradley , B. P. and Williams , R. 1995 . Attentional bias in anxiety and depression: The role of awareness . British Journal of Clinical Psychology , 34 : 17 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan , W. P. 1980 . Test of champions: The iceberg profile . Psychology Today , 14 : 92 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Morris , W. M. 1992 . “ A functional analysis of the role of mood in affective systems ” . In Emotion , Edited by: Clark , M. S. 256 – 293 . Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Parkinson , B. , Totterdell , P. , Briner , R. B. and Reynolds , S. 1996 . Changing Moods: The Psychology of Mood and Mood Regulation , London : Longman .
   Google Scholar
• Prapavessis , H. and Grove , R. J. 1994 . Personality variables as antecedents of precompetitive mood states . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 25 : 81 – 99 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Relich , J. D. , Debus , R. L. and Walker , R. 1986 . The mediation of attribution and self-efficacy variables for treatment effects on achievement outcomes . Contemporary Educational Psychology , 11 : 195 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renger , R. 1993 . A review of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) in the prediction of athletic success . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 5 : 78 – 84 .
   Google Scholar
• Rokke , P. D. 1993 . Social context and perceived task difficulty as mediators of depressive self-evaluation . Emotion and Motivation , 17 : 23 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowley , A. J. , Landers , D. M. , Kyllo , L. B. and Etnier , J. L. 1995 . Does the Iceberg Profile discriminate between successful and less successful athletes? A meta-analysis . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 16 : 185 – 199 .
   Google Scholar
• Rusting , C. L. and Nolen-Hoekseuma , S. 1998 . Regulating responses to anger: Effects of rumination and distraction on angry mood . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74 : 790 – 803 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwarz , N. and Bless , H. 1991 . “ Happy and mindless, but sad and smart? The impact of affective states on analytic reasoning ” . In Emotion and Social Judgement , Edited by: Forgas , P. 55 – 71 . Oxford : Pergamon .
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair , R. C. and Mark , M. M. 1992 . “ The influence of mood state on judgement and action: Effects on persuasion, categorisation, social justice, person perception, and judgmental accuracy ” . In The Construction of Social Judgement , Edited by: Martin , L. L. and Tesser , A. 165 – 193 . Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , S. M. and Petty , R. E. 1995 . Personality moderators of mood congruency effects on cognition: The role of self-esteem and negative mood regulation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 68 : 1092 – 1107 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spielberger , C. D. 1991 . Manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory , Odessa, FL : Psychological Assessment Resources .
   Google Scholar
• Strongman , K. and Russell , P. 1986 . Salience of emotion in recall . Bulletin of the Psychonomics Society , 24 : 25 – 27 .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka-Matsumi , J. and Kameoka , V. A. 1986 . Reliabilities and concurrent validities of popular self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and social desirability . Journal of Consultant Clinical Psychology , 54 : 328 – 333 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terry , P. C. 1995 . The efficacy of mood state profiling among elite competitors: A review and synthesis . The Sport Psychologist , 9 : 309 – 324 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terry , P. C. and Lane , A. M. 2000 . Development of normative data for the Profile of Mood States for use with athletic samples . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 12 : 93 – 109 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terry , P. C. , Lane , A. M. , Lane , H. J. and Keohane , L. 1999 . Development and validation of a mood measure for adolescents . Journal of Sports Sciences , 17 : 861 – 872 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thayer , R. E. , Newman , R. and McClain , T. M. 1994 . Self-regulation of mood: Strategies for changing a bad mood, raising energy, and reducing tension . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 67 : 910 – 925 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. and Clark , L. A. 1994 . “ Emotions, moods, traits, and temperaments: Conceptual distinctions and empirical findings ” . In The Nature of Emotion , Edited by: Ekman , P. and Davidson , R. J. 89 – 93 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Watson , D. and Clark , L. A. 1997 . Measurement and mismeasurement of mood: Recurrent and emergent issues . Journal of Personality Assessment , 68 : 267 – 296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. and Tellegen , A. 1985 . Toward a conceptual structure of mood . Psychological Bulletin , 98 : 219 – 235 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson , D. , Clark , L. A. and Tellegen , A. 1988 . Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 54 : 1063 – 1070 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zigmond , A. S. and Snaith , R. P. 1983 . The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia , 67 : 361 – 370 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar