Nothing to Laugh About: Student Interns' Use of Humor in Response to Workplace Dissatisfaction

References

• Austin, P. (1990). Politeness revisited: The dark side. In A. Bell & J. Holmes (Eds.), New Zealand ways of speaking English (pp. 277–293). Clevedon Avon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Averbeck, J. M. & Hample, D. (2008). Ironic message production: Why we produce ironic messages. Communication Monographs, 75, 396–410. doi:10.1080/03637750802512389
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avery, D. R. & Quinones, M. A. (2002). Disentangling the effects of voice: The incremental roles of opportunity, behavior, and instrumentality in predicting procedural fairness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 81–86. doi:10.1037//0021-9010.87.1.81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird, S. (2007). Sensemaking and identity: The interconnection of storytelling and networking in a women's group of a large corporation. Journal of Business Communication, 44, 311–339. doi:10.1177/0021943607306135
   Google Scholar
• Booth-Butterfield, M., Booth-Butterfield, S. & Wanzer, M. (2007). Funny students cope better: Patterns of humor enactment and coping effectiveness. Communication Quarterly, 55, 299–315. doi:10.1080/01463370701490232
   Google Scholar
• Booth-Butterfield, M. B. & Wanzer, M. (2010). Humorous communication as goal-oriented communication. In D. Fassett & J. Warren (Eds.), SAGE handbook of communication and instruction (pp. 221–240). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, P. & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, K. L., Martin, M. M. & Wanzer, M. B. (2001). Employee perceptions of manager humor orientation, assertiveness, responsiveness, approach/avoidance strategies, and satisfaction. Communication Research Reports, 18, 67–74. doi:10.1080/08824090109384783
   Google Scholar
• Coser, R. L. (1960). Laughter among colleagues: A study of the social functions of humor among the staff of a mental hospital. Psychiatry, 23, 81–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan, W. J., Smeltzer, L. R. & Leap, T. L. (1990). Humor and work: Applications of joking behavior to management. Journal of Management, 16, 255–278. doi:10.1177/014920639001600203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleming, P. (2005). Metaphors of resistance. Management Communication Quarterly, 19, 45–66. doi:10.1177/0893318905276559
   Google Scholar
• Garner, J. T. (2009a). Strategic dissent: Expressions of organizational dissent motivated by influence goals. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 3, 34–51. doi:10.1080/15531180802606471
   Google Scholar
• Garner, J. T. (2009b). When things go wrong at work: An exploration of organizational dissent messages. Communication Studies, 60, 197–218. doi:10.1080/10510970902834916
   Google Scholar
• Garner, J. T. (2012). Making waves at work: Perceived effectiveness and appropriateness of organizational dissent messages. Management Communication Quarterly, 26, 224–241. doi:10.1177/0893318911431803
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson, D. E. (1994). Humor consulting: Laughs for power and profit in organizations. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 7, 403–428. doi:10.1515/humr.1994.7.4.403
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith, D. J. (2007). Brown and Levinson's politeness theory. In B. B. Whaley & W. Samter (Eds.), Explaining communication: Contemporary theories and exemplars (pp. 219–236). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Gossett, L. M. (2002). Kept at arm's length: Questioning the organizational desirability of member identification. Communication Monographs, 69, 385–404.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gossett, L. M. (2006). Falling between the cracks: Control and communication challenges of a temporary workforce. Management Communication Quarterly, 19, 376–415. doi:10.1177/0893318905280327
   Google Scholar
• Graham, E. E., Papa, M. J. & Brooks, G. P. (1992). Functions of humor in conversation: Conceptualization and measurement. Western Journal of Communication, 56, 161–183.
   Google Scholar
• Graham, J. W. (1986). Principled organizational dissent: A theoretical essay. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 8, pp. 1–52). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
   Google Scholar
• Hay, J. (1996). No laughing matter: Gender and humor support strategies. Wellington Working Papers in Linguistics, 8, 1–24. Retrieved from http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/resources/publications/wwp/WWP1996v08.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hegstrom, T. G. (1990). Mimetic and dissent conditions in organizational rhetoric. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 18, 141–152. doi:10.1080/00909889009360321
   Google Scholar
• Heiss, S. N. & Carmack, H. J. (2012). Knock, knock; who's there?: Making sense of organizational entrance through humor. Management Communication Quarterly, 26, 106–132. doi:10.1177/0893318911414914
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirschman, A. O. (1970). Exit, voice, and loyalty. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes, J. (2000). Politeness, power, and provocation: How humour functions in the workplace. Discourse Studies, 2, 159–185. doi:10.1177/1461445600002002002
   Google Scholar
• Holmes, J. & Marra, M. (2002a). Having a laugh at work: How humour contributes to workplace culture. Journal of Pragmatics, 34, 1683–1710.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes, J. & Marra, M. (2002b). Over the edge?: Subversive humor between colleagues and friends. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 15, 65–87. doi:10.1515/humr.2002.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes, J. & Stubbe, M. (2003). Power and politeness in the workplace: A sociolingusitic analysis of talk at work. London, UK: Pearson.
   Google Scholar
• Horan, S. M., Bochantin, J. & Booth-Butterfield, M. (2012). Humor in high-stress relationships: Understanding communication in police officers' romantic relationships. Communication Studies, 63, 554–573.
   Google Scholar
• Janis, I. L. (1982). Groupthink (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
   Google Scholar
• Kangasharju, H. & Nikko, T. (2009). Emotions in organizations: Joint laughter in workplace meetings. Journal of Business Communication, 46, 100–119. doi:10.1177/0021943608325750
   Google Scholar
• Kassing, J. W. (1997). Articulating, antagonizing, and displacing: A model of employee dissent. Communication Studies, 48, 311–332. doi:10.1080/10510979709368510
   Google Scholar
• Kassing, J. W. (2002). Speaking up: Identifying employees' upward dissent strategies. Management Communication Quarterly, 16, 187–209. doi:10.1177/089331802237234
   Google Scholar
• Kassing, J. W. (2005). Speaking up competently: A comparison of perceived competence in upward dissent strategies. Communication Research Reports, 22, 227–234. doi:10.1080/00036810500230651
   Google Scholar
• Linstead, S. (1988). Jokers wild: Humour in organizational culture. In C. Powell & G. E. C. Paton (Eds.), Humour in society (pp. 123–148). London, UK: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Lutgen-Sandvik, P., Riforgiate, S. & Fletcher, C. (2011). Work as a source of positive emotional experiences and the discourses informing positive assessment. Western Journal of Communication, 75, 2–27. doi:10.1080/10570314.2010.536963
   Google Scholar
• Lynch, O. H. (2002). Humorous communication: Finding a place for humor in communication research. Communication Theory, 12, 423–445. doi:10.1093/ct/12.4.423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, O. H. (2009). Kitchen antics: The importance of humor and maintaining professionalism at work. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 37, 444–464. doi:10.1080/00909880903233143
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, D. M. (2004). Humor in middle management: Women negotiating the paradoxes of organizational life. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 32, 147–170. doi:10.1080/0090988042000210034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P., Larsen, G., Gray, J. & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences in uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the humor styles questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 48–75.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McRoberts, D. A. & Larson-Casselton, C. (2006). Humor in public address, healthcare, and the workplace: Summarizing humor's use using meta-analysis. North Dakota Speech and Theatre Journal, 19, 26–33.
   Google Scholar
• Meyer, J. C. (2000). Humor as a double-edged sword: Four functions of humor in communication. Communication Theory, 10, 310–331. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2000.tb00194.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullany, L. (2004). Gender, politeness, and institutional power roles: Humour as a tactic to gain compliance in workplace business meetings. Multilingua, 23, 13–37. doi:10.1515/mult.2004.002
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, A. G. (1998). Hidden transcripts of flight attendant resistance. Management Communication Quarterly, 11, 499–535. doi:10.1177/0893318998114001
   Google Scholar
• Nabi, R. L., Moyer-Gusé, E. & Byrne, S. (2007). All joking aside: A serious investigation into the persuasive effect of funny social issue messages. Communication Monographs, 74, 29–54. doi:10.1080/036377570701196896
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pexman, P. & Olineck, K. (2002). Does sarcasm always sting?: Investigating the impact of ironic insults and ironic compliments. Discourse Processes, 33, 199–217. doi:10.1207/S15326950DP3303_1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plester, B. & Orams, M. (2008). Send in the clowns: The role of the joker in three New Zealand IT companies. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 21, 253–281. doi:10.1515/HUMOR.2008.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redding, W. C. (1985). Rocking boats, blowing whistles, and teaching speech communication. Communication Education, 34, 245–258. doi:10.1080/03634528509378613
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, D. F. (1960). Banana time: Job satisfaction and informal interaction. Human Organization, 18, 158–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, P. & Bain, P. (2003). “Subterranean worksick blues”: Humour as subversion in two call centres. Organizational Studies, 24, 1487–1509. doi:10.1177/0170840603249008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy, S. J., Myers, K. K. & Scott, C. W. (2006). Cracking jokes and crafting selves: Sensemaking and identity management among human service workers. Communication Monographs, 73, 283–308. doi:10.1080/03637750600889500
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trethewey, A. (1997). Resistance, identity, and empowerment: A postmodern feminist analysis of clients in a human service organization. Communication Monographs, 64, 281. doi:10.1080/03637759709376425
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waldron, V. R. & Kassing, J. W. (2011). Managing risk in communication encounters: Strategies for the workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar