Psilonichnus quietis isp. nov. from the Eocene Iwaki formation, Shiramizu group, Joban coal field, Japan

References

• Braithwaite , C.J.R. and Talbot , M.R. 1972 . Crustacean burrows in the Seychelles, Indian Ocean. . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 11 : 265 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bromley , R.G. 1990 . Trace Fossils: Biology and Taphonomy , 280 London : Unwin Hyman .
   Google Scholar
• Bromley , R.G. and Asgaard , U. 1979 . Triassic freshwater ichnocoenoses from Carlsberg Fjord, East Greenland. . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 28 : 38 – 80 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bromley , R.G. and Frey , R.W. 1974 . Redescription of the trace fossil Gyrolithes and taxonomic evaluation of Thalassinoides, Ophiomorpha and Spongeliomorpha. . Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark , 23 : 311 – 335 .
   Google Scholar
• Chakrabarti , A. 1980 . Influence of biogenic activities of ghost crabs on the size parameters of beach sediments. . Senckenbergiana Maritima , 12 : 183 – 199 .
   Google Scholar
• Chakrabarti , A. 1981 . Burrow patterns of Ocypode ceratophthalma (Pallas) and their environmental significance. . Journal of Paleontology , 55 : 431 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. 1984 . Ichnology of Pleistocene carbonates on San Salvador, Bahamas. . Journal of Paleontology , 58 : 312 – 321 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. 1990 . Trace fossils as sea‐level indicators: examples from the Bahamas. . Journal of Paleontology , 58 : 312 – 321 .
   Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. 1992 . “ Trace fossils in Quaternary, Bahamian‐style carbonate environments: the modern to trace fossil transition ” . In Trace Fossils. Short Courses in Paleontology Edited by: Maples , C.G. and West , R.R. Vol. 5 , 105 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. 1994 . “ The palaeobiology of ichnocoenoses in Quaternary Bahamian‐style carbonate environments: the modern to fossil transition ” . In The Palaeobiology of Trace Fossils , Edited by: Donovan , S.K. 83 – 104 . Chichester : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. and Frey , R.W. 1977 . “ Pleistocene trace fossils from North Carolina (U.S.A.), and their Holocene analogues ” . In Trace Fossil Edited by: Crimes , T.P. and Harper , J.C. Vol. 9 , 139 – 162 . Geological Journal, Special Issue
   Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. and White , B. 1987 . “ Trace fossils in carbonate upper beach rocks and eolianites: Recognization of the beach rocks to dune transition ” . In Proceedings of the Third Symposium on the Geology of the Bahamas , Edited by: Curran , H.A. 234 – 254 . Fort Lauderdale, Florida : CCFL Bahamian Field Station .
   Google Scholar
• Curran , H.A. and White , B. 1991 . Trace fossils of shallow subtidal to dunal ichnofacies in Bahamian Quaternary carbonates. . Palaios , 6 : 498 – 510 .
   Google Scholar
• Frey , R.W. 1984 . Concepts in the study of biogenic sedimentary structures. . Journal of Sedimentary Petrology , 43 : 6 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Frey , R.W. and Mayou , T.V. 1971 . Decapod burrows in Holocene barrier island beaches and washover fans, Georgia. . Senckenbergiana Maritima , 3 : 53 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Frey , R.W. , Curran , H.A. and Pemberton , S.G. 1984 . Trace making activities of crabs and their environmental significance: the ichnogenus Psilonichnus. . Journal of Paleontology , 58 : 333 – 350 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fürsich , F.T. 1981 . Invertebrate trace fossils from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. . Comunicações Serviços Geológicos de Portugal , 67 : 153 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• Hayasaka , I. 1953 . The burrowing activities of certain crabs and their geologic significance. . American Midland Naturalist , 16 : 99 – 101 .
   Google Scholar
• Hill , W.G. and Hunter , R.E. 1973 . Burrows of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata (Fabricus) on the barrier islands, south‐central Texas coast. . Journal of Sedimentary Petrology , 43 : 24 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Kamada , Y. 1955 . Non‐marine mollusca from the Paleogene Uchigo Group of the Joban Coal‐field, Northeast Honshu, Japan. . Proceedings of the Paleontological Society, Japan , 17 : 19 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Kamada , Y. 1962 . Tertiary marine mollusca from the Joban Coal‐field . Paleontological Society of Japan , 8 : 1 – 187 . Special Paper
   Google Scholar
• Mitsui , S. 1971 . Studies on the mechanism of deformation of sedimentary rocks in the Iwaki area of the Joban Coal‐field, Fukushima Prefecture. , Special Report Vol. 42 , 199 – 272 . Tohoku University .
   Google Scholar
• Myint , Myo . 1997 . Paleoichnological study of the Paleogene Shiramizu Group in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan , 240 Japan : University of Tsukuba . Unpublished Ph. D. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Nakamura , S. 1913 . Geology of the environs of Yumoto, Province of Iwaki, Explained Detailed Geological Map of Joban Coal Field . Imperial Geological Survey, Japan , : 1 – 14 . Section 1
   Google Scholar
• Ohshima , K. 1966 . Burrow of intertidal crab, 1. ‐Marsh crab, Helice tridens tridens de Hann. . Chikyu Kagaku , 87 : 9 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Okami , K. 1973 . Sedimentological study of the Iwaki Formation of the Joban Coal‐field. , Science Report Vol. 44 , 1 – 53 . Tohoku University .
   Google Scholar
• Pickerill , R.K. 1994 . “ Nomenclature and taxomony of invertebrate trace fossils ” . In The Palaeobiology of Trace Fossils , Edited by: Donovan , S.K. 3 – 42 . Chichester : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Radwanski , A. 1969 . Lower Tortonian transgression onto the southern slopes of the Holy cross Mountains. . Acta Geologica Polonica , 19 : 1 – 164 .
   Google Scholar
• Radwanski , A. 1970 . “ Dependence of rock‐borers and burrowers on the environmental conditions within the Tortonian littoral zone of southern Poland ” . In Trace Fossils Edited by: Crimes , T.P. and Harper , J.C. Vol. 3 , 371 – 390 . Geological Journal, Special Issue
   Google Scholar
• Radwanski , A. 1977 . Burrow attributable to the ghost crab Ocypode from the Korytnica basin (middle Miocene, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland). . Acta Geologica Polonica , 27 : 217 – 225 .
   Google Scholar
• Takahashi , S. 1932 . On the burrow of Ocypode ceratophthalma Fabricius. . Kagaku , 2 : 329 – 335 .
   Google Scholar
• Takai , F. 1961 . A new Anthracotherium from the Shiramizu Group in the Joban Coal‐Field, Japan, with notes on its geological age. . Proceedings of the Japan Academy , 37 : 254 – 260 .
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. 1953 . On the several “Lebensspuren” . Research Sedimentology , 2 : 2
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Horii , Y. 1964 . Lebensspuren of crabs in Matsukawa‐ura, Fukushima Prefecture . Journal of the Geological Society, Japan , 70 : 388
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Horii , Y. 1965 . Some knowledges on the ecology of Ocypode stimpsoni Ortmann and on its burrows‐Biological study of “Lebensspuren” , Vol. 9 , 121 – 141 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Part 6. Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. , Horii , Y. , Matsuki , T. and Horikawa , Y. 1966 . “ Ecology and burrow of Macrophthalmus japonicus de Hann. ” . In Biological studies in “Lebensspuren” , Vol. 11 , 131 – 145 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Part 8, Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Lebensspuren Research Group . 1969 . Ecology and burrow of Sesarma (Holometopus) de Haan; Biological studies in “Lebensspuren”;. , Vol. 14 , 219 – 239 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Part 11, Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Lebensspuren Research Group . 1974 . Ecology and burrow of Macrophthalmus dilatatusde Haan; Biological studies in “Lebensspuren”;. , Vol. 19 , 211 – 243 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Part 15, Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Lebensspuren Research Group . 1975 . Ecology and burrow of Sesarma (Holometopus) haematocheir de Haan; Biological studies in “Lebensspuren” , Vol. 19 , 221 – 243 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Part 19. Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Utashiro , T. and Lebensspuren Research Group . 1981 . Again on Ecology of Lebensspuren of Sesarma (Holometopus) dehaani H. Mime Edward. , Vol. 25 , 175 – 207 . Takada Branch, Faculty of Education, Niigata University . Memoirs
   Google Scholar
• Watanabe , H. 1928 . Geology of the environs of Akai, province of Iwaki. Explained Detailed Geological Map, Joban Coal‐field . Imperial Geological Survey, Japan , : 104 Section 2
   Google Scholar
• Postal address: Asia Georesearch Agency Corporation Pte. Ltd., 43 Carpenter Street # 03–00, Greatwood Building, Singapore 059922, The Republic of Singapore. Telephone: (65) 538–0400, Fax: (65) 538–0422, e‐mail: [email protected]
   Google Scholar