Laser additive processing of functionally-graded Fe–Si–B–Cu–Nb soft magnetic materials

References

• Smith, C.; Katakam, S.; Nag, S.; Zhang, Y.R.; Law, J.Y.; Ramanujan, R.V.; Banerjee, R. Comparison of the crystallization behavior of Fe-Si-B-Cu and Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb-based amorphous soft magnetic alloys. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 2014, 45 (7), 2998–3009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.R.; Ramanujan, R.V. The effect of niobium alloying additions on the crystallization of a Fe–Si–B–Nb alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2005, 403 (1), 197–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzer, G. Nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys. Handbook of Magnetic Materials 1997, 10, 415–462.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Y.M.; Ohkubo, T.; Ohta, M.; Yoshizawa, Y.; Hono, K. Three-dimensional atom probe study of Fe–B-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials. Acta Materialia 2009, 57 (15), 4463–4472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.R.; Ramanujan, R.V. Characterization of the effect of alloying additions on the crystallization of an amorphous Fe 73.5 Si 13.5 B 9 Nb 3 Cu 1 alloy. Intermetallics 2006, 14 (6), 710–714.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuura, M.; Nishijima, M.; Takenaka, K.; Takeuchi, A.; Ofuchi, H.; Makino, A. Evolution of fcc Cu clusters and their structure changes in the soft magnetic Fe85. 2Si1B9P4Cu0. 8 (NANOMET) and FINEMET alloys observed by X-ray absorption fine structure. Journal of Applied Physics 2015, 117 (17), 17A324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheiratmand, T.; Hosseini, H.M.; Davami, P.; Ababei, G.; Song, M. Mechanism of Mechanically Induced Nanocrystallization of Amorphous FINEMET Ribbons During Milling. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 2015, 46 (6), 2718–2725.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha, A.K.; Singh, M.N.; Upadhyay, A.; Satalkar, M.; Shah, M.; Ghodke, N.; Kne, S.N.; Varga, L.K. A correlation between the magnetic and structural properties of isochronally annealed Cu-free FINEMET alloy with composition Fe72B19.2Si4.8Nb4. Applied Physics A 2015, 118 (1), 291–299.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheiratmand, T.; Hosseini, H.M.; Davami, P.; Gjoka, M.; Song, M. The Effect of Mechanical Milling on the Soft Magnetic Properties of Amorphous FINEMET Alloy. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2015, 381, 322–327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moya, J.A. Improving soft magnetic properties in FINEMET-like alloys. A study. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2015, 622, 635–639.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muhammad, D.; Khan, F.A.; Farabi, H.M.; Alam, M.J. Electrical and magnetic transport properties of nanocrystalline Fe73. 5Si13. 5B9Cu1Nb3 alloy. Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 2014, 27 (6), 1525–1530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gheiratmand, T.; Madaah Hosseini, H.R.; Davami, P.; Sarafidis, C. Fabrication of FINEMET bulk alloy from amorphous powders by spark plasma sintering. Powder Technology 2016, 289, 163–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J.; Yang, Y.Z.; Li, W.; Chen, X.C.; Xie, Z.W. Effect of P addition on glass forming ability and soft magnetic properties of melt-spun FeSiBCuC alloy ribbons. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 2016, 417, 291–293.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franco, V.; Conde, C.F.; Conde, A. Effect of the Si/B ratio on the magnetic anisotropy distribution of Fe73. 5Si22. 5 − xBxCu1Nb3 (x = 7, 9, 16) alloys along nanocrystallization. Journal of Applied Physics 1998, 84 (9), 5108–5113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhi, J.; He, K.Y.; Cheng, L.Z.; Fu, Y.J. Influence of the elements Si/B on the structure and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline (Fe, Cu, Nb) 77.5 Si x B 22.5 − x alloys. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 1996, 153 (3), 315–319.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivas, M.; Majumdar, B.; Bysakh, S.; Raja, M.M.; Akhtar, D. Role of Si on structure and soft magnetic properties of Fe 87 − xSixB 9 Nb 3 Cu 1 ribbons. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2014, 583, 427–433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hono, K.; Ping, D.H.; Ohnuma, M.; Onodera, H. Cu clustering and Si partitioning in the early crystallization stage of an Fe 73.5 Si 13.5 B 9 Nb 3 Cu 1 amorphous alloy. Acta Materialia 1999, 47 (3), 997–1006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayers, J.D.; Harris, V.G.; Sprague, J.A.; Elam, W.T.; Jones, H.N. On the formation of nanocrystals in the soft magnetic alloy Fe 73.5 Nb 3 Cu 1 Si 13.5 B 9. Acta Materialia 1998, 46 (6), 1861–1874.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayers, J.D.; Harris, V.G.; Sprague, J.A.; Elam, W.T.; Jones, H.N. A model for nucleation of nanocrystals in the soft magnetic alloy Fe 73.5 Nb 3 Cu 1 Si 13.5 B 9. Nanostructured Materials 1997, 9 (1), 391–396.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.R.; Ramanujan, R.V. Microstructural observations of the crystallization of amorphous Fe–Si–B based magnetic alloys. Thin Solid Films 2006, 505 (1), 97–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lashgari, H.R.; Chu, D.; Xie, S.; Sun, H.; Ferry, M.; Li, S. Composition dependence of the microstructure and soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys: A review study. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 2014, 391, 61–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu, D.D.; Meiners, W.; Wissenbach, K.; Poprawe, R. Laser additive manufacturing of metallic components: Materials, processes and mechanisms. International Materials Reviews 2012, 57 (3), 133–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, Y.J.; Tian, X.J.; Zhu, Y.Y.; Li, J.; Wang, H.M. Compositional variation and microstructural evolution in laser additive manufactured Ti/Ti–6Al–2Zr–1Mo–1V graded structural material. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2014, 599, 242–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann, D.C.; Roberts, S.; Otis, R.; Kolodziejska, J.; Dillon, R.P.; Suh, J.O.; Shapiro, A.A.; Liu, Z.K.; Borgonia, J.P. Developing gradient metal alloys through radial deposition additive manufacturing. Scientific Reports 2014, 4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X.; Wei, Q.; Song, B.; Liu, Y.; Luo, X.; Wen, S.; Shi, Y. Fabrication and characterization of AISI 420 stainless steel using selective laser melting. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 2015, 30 (11), 1283–1289.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, D.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, D.; Hao, L.; Jiang, J.; Li, Z.; Chen, Y. Experimental investigation on selective laser melting of bulk net-shape pure magnesium. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 2015, 30 (11), 1298–1304.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamara, A.M.; Marimuthu, S.; Li, L. Finite element modeling of microstructure in laser-deposited multiple layer Inconel 718 parts. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 2014, 29 (10), 1245–1252.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, B.; Shen, Y.; Lei, L.; Hu, W. Fabrication and evaluation of Ti3Alp/Ti–6Al–4V surface layer via additive friction-stir processing. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 2014, 29 (4), 412–417.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundar, R.; Hedaoo, P.; Ranganathan, K.; Bindra, K.S.; Oak, S.M. Application of meshes to extract the fabricated objects in selective laser melting. Materials and Manufacturing Processes 2014, 29 (4), 429–433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee, R.; Collins, P.C.; Bhattacharyya, D.; Banerjee, S.; Fraser, H.L. Microstructural evolution in laser deposited compositionally graded α /β titanium-vanadium alloys. Acta Materialia 2003, 51 (11), 3277–3292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borkar, T.; Sosa, J.; Hwang, J.Y.; Scharf, T.W.; Tiley, J.; Fraser, H.; Banerjee, R. Laser-deposited in situ TiC-reinforced nickel matrix composites: 3D microstructure and tribological properties. JOM 2014, 66 (6), 935–942.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziębowicz, B.; Szewieczek, D.; Dobrzański, L.A. New possibilities of application of composite materials with soft magnetic properties. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2007, 20 (1–2), 207–210.
   Google Scholar
• McHenry, M.E.; Willard, M.A.; Laughlin, D.E. Amorphous and nanocrystalline materials for applications as soft magnets. Progress in Materials Science 1999, 44 (4), 291–433.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coey, J.D. Magnetic materials. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2001, 326 (1), 2–6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiles, D.C. Recent advances and future directions in magnetic materials. Acta Materialia 2003, 51 (19), 5907–5939.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiles, D.C.; Lo, C.C.H. The role of new materials in the development of magnetic sensors and actuators. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 2003, 106 (1), 3–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durejko, T.; Zietala, M.; Polkowski, W.; Czujko, T. Thin wasll tubes with Fe3Al/SS316L graded structure obtained by using laser engineered net shaping technology. Material & Design 2014, 63, 766–774.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y.R.; Ramanujan, R.V. A study of the crystallization behavior of an amorphous Fe 77.5 Si 13.5 B 9 alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A 2006, 416 (1), 161–168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y. Ph.D. thesis, Nanyang Technological University, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Ping, D.H.; Hono, K.; Kanekiyo, H.; Hirosawa, S. Microstructural evolution of Fe 3 B/Nd 2 Fe 14 B nanocomposite magnets microalloyed with Cu and Nb. Acta Materialia 1999, 47 (18), 4641–4651.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar