Rituximab Followed by Cladribine in the Treatment of Heavily Pretreated Patients with Indolent Lymphoid Malignancies

References

• Kosmas, C., Stamatopoulos, K., Stavroyianni, N., Tsavaris, N. and Papadaki, T. (2002) "Anti-CD20-based therapy of B cell lymphoma: state of the art", Leukemia, 16, 2004–2015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robak, T. (2003) "Monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of chronic lymphoid leukemias", Leukemia and Lymphoma, 45, 205–220.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huhn, D., von Schilling, C., Wilhelm, M., Hallek, M., Kuse, R., Knauf, W., et al. (2001) „Rituximab therapy of patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Blood, 98, 1326–1331.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, TA., White, C.A., Grillo-Lopez, A.J., Velasquez, W.S., Link, B., Maloney, D.G., et al. (1999) "Single-agent monoclonal antibody efficacy in bulky — non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a phase II trial of rituximab", Journal of Clinical Oncology, 17, 1851 — 1857.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coiffier, B., Haioun, C., Ketterer, N., Engert, A., Tilly, H., Ma, D., et al. (1998) "Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) for the treatment of patients with relapsing or refractory aggressive lymphoma: a multicenter phase II study", Blood, 92, 1927–1932.
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, P., Grillo-Lopez, A.J., Link, BK., Levy, R., Czucz-man, M.S., Williams, ME., et al. (1998) "Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lympho-ma: half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program", Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16, 2825–2833.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demidem, A., Lam, T., Alas, S., Hariharan, K., Hanna, N. and Bonavida, B. (1997) "Chimeric anti-CD20 (IDEC-C2B8) mono-clonal antibody sensitizes a B cell lymphoma cell line to cell killing by cytotoxic drugs", Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, 12, 177 — 186.
   Google Scholar
• Chow, KU., Sommerlad, W.D., Boehrer, S., Schneider, B., Seipelt, G., Rummel, Mi., et al. (2002) "Anti-CD20 antibody (IDEC-C2B8, rituximab) enhances efficacy of cytotoxic drugs on neoplastic lymphocytes in vitro: role of cytokines, complement, and caspases", Haematologica, 87, 33–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alas, S., Bonavida, B. and Emmanouilides, C. (2000) "Potentiation of fludarabine cytotoxicity on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by pentoxifylline and rituximab", Anticancer Research, 20, 2961–2966.
   Google Scholar
• Di Gaetano, N., Xiao, Y., Erba, E., Bassan, R., Rambaldi, A., Goloy, J., et al. (2001) "Synergism between fludarabine and rituximab revealed in a follicular lymphoma cell line resistant to the cytotoxic activity of either drug alone", British Journal of Haematology, 114, 800–809.
   Google Scholar
• Rummel, Mi., Chow, KU., Hoelzer, D., Mitrou, P.S. and Weidmann, F. (2002) "In vitro studies with bendamustine: enhaced activity in combination with rituximab", Seminars in Oncology, 29 (4 suppl 13), 12 — 14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, A.L., Smith, B.E. and Maloney, D.G. (2002) "Glucocorti-coids and rituximab in vitro: synergistic direct antiproliferative and apoptotic effects", Blood, 100, 1765–1773.
   Google Scholar
• Shan, D., Gopal, A.K. and Press, O.W. (2001) "Synergistics effects of the fenretidine (4-HPR) and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies on apoptosis induction of malignant human B cells", Clinical Cancer Research 7, 2490–2495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robak, T. and Kasznicki, M. (2002) "Alkylating agents and nucleoside analogues in the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Leukemia, 16, 1015–1027.
   Google Scholar
• Smolewski, P., Szmigielska, A., Cebula, B., Sobczak, A., Darzyn-kiewicz, Z. and Robak, T. (2002) "Pro-apoptotic effect of rituximab alone and in combination with purine nucleoside analogues in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells measured by fluorochrome labeled inhibitors of caspases (FLICA) assay", Blood, 100 (suppl 1), 387a (abstract 1503).
   Google Scholar
• Schulz, H., Klein, S.K., Rehwald, U., Reiser, M., Hinke, A., Knauf, W.U., et al. (2002) "Phase 2 study of a combined immunochem-otherapy using rituximab and fludarabine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Blood, 100, 3115–3120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage, D.G., Cohen, N.S., Hesdorffer, CS., Heitjan, D., Oster, M.W., Garrett, Ti., et al. (2003) "Combined fludarabine and rituximab for low grade lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia", Leukemia and Lymphoma, 44, 477 —481.
   Google Scholar
• Byrd, J.C., Peterson, B.L., Morrison, V.A., Park, K., Jacobson, R., Hoke, E., et al. (2003) "Randomized phase 2 study of fludarabine with concurrent versus sequential treatment with rituximab in symptomatic, untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9712 (CALG B9712)", Blood, 101, 6–14.
   Google Scholar
• Wierda, W., O'Brien, S., Albitar, M., Lerner, S., Phunkett, W., Giles, F., et al. (2001) "Combined fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab achieves a high complete remission rate as initial treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (abstract)", Blood, 98, 77a (Abstract 3210).
   Google Scholar
• Cheson, B.D., Bennett, J.M., Greyer, M., Kay, N., Keating, M.J., O'Brien, S., et al. (1996) "National Cancer Institute Sponsored working group guidelines for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: revised guidelines for diagnosis and treatment", Blood, 87, 4990 — 4997.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, N.H., Jaffe, ES., Diebold, J., Flandvin, G., Muller-Hermelink, H.K., Vardiman, J., et al. (1999) "World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hemato-poietic and lymphoid tissues: report Clinical Advisory Committee Meeting, Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997", Journal of Clinical Oncology, 17, 8835–3849.
   Google Scholar
• Rai, KR., Sawitsky, A., Cronkite, E.P., Chanana, AD., Levy, R.N. and Pasternack, B.S. (1975) "Clinical staging of chronic lympho-cytic leukemia", Blood, 46, 219–234.
   Google Scholar
• Rai, K.R. (1987) A critical analysis of staging in CLL. In: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Recent Progress and Future Direction edited by Gale R.P. and Rai, K.R. New York: Alau R. Liss 253. Pp. 253.
   Google Scholar
• Kazimierczuk, Z., Cottan, H.B., Ravauliar, G.R. and Robins, R.K. (1984) "Synthesis of 2'-deoxynucleosides via a novel direct stereospecific serum salt glycosylation procedure", Journal of American Chemical Society, 106, 6379–6382.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheson, B.D., Horning, S.J., Coiffier, B., Shipp, M.A., Fisher, RI., Connors, J.M., et al. (1999) "Report of an international workshop to standarize response criteria for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas", Journal of Clinical Oncology 17, 1244–1253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, A.B., Hoogstraten, B., Staquet, M. and Winkler, A. (1981) "Reporting results of cancer treatment", Cancer, 47, 207–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy, D.R. and Santner, T.J. (1987) "Confidence intervals binomial parameter based on multistage tests", Biometrics, 47, 207–214.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, E.L. and Meier, P. (1958) "Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations", J Am Stat Assoc, 53, 457–481.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foran, J.M. (2002) "Antibody-based therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", Best Practice and Research in Clinical Hematology, 15, 449–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maloney, D.G., Grillo-Lopez, A.J., White, CA., Bodkin, D., Schilder, R.J., Neidhart, JA., et al. (1997) "IDEC-C2B8 (Ritux-imab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", Blood, 90, 2188 — 2195.
   Google Scholar
• Buckstein, R.J., Rimric, K., Pennell, N., Spaner, D., Hewitt, K. and Berinstein, N.L. (2001) "Prolonge molecular and clinical remission after treatment of a patient with follicular lymphoma with rituximab", Leukemia and Lymphoma, 41, 451 —455.
   Google Scholar
• Czuczman, M.S., Fallon, A., Mohr, A., Stewart, C., Bernstein, Z.P., McCarthy, P., et al. (2002) "Rituximab in combination with CHOP or fludarabine in low-grade lymphoma", Seminars in Oncology, 29, 36 — 40.
   Google Scholar
• Hiddemann, W., Dreyling, M., Unterhalt, M. and German low Grade Lymphoma Study Group (2003) "Rituximab plus che-motherapy in follicular and mantle cell lymphomas", Seminars Oncology, 30, suppl 1, 16–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard, O.M., Gribben, J.G., Neuberg, D.S., Grossbard, M., Poor, C., Janicek, Mi., et al. (2002) "Rituximab and CHOP induction therapy for newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma: molecular complete responses are not predictive of progression-free survival", Journal of Clinical Oncology, 20, 1288–1294.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, W.H. (2000) "Chemotherapy sensitization by rituximab: experimental and clinical evidence", Seminars in Oncology, 27 (suppl 12), 30–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robak, T., Góra-Tybor, J., Krykowski, E., Walewski, J.A., Borawska, A., Pluzanska, A., et al. (1997) "Activity of 2-chlorodeoxyadenposine (Cladribine) in 2-hour intravenous infusion in 94 previously treated patients with low grade non-Hodkin's lymphoma", Leukemia and Lymphoma, 26, 99 — 105.
   Google Scholar
• Robak, T., Blonski, J.Z., Kasznicki, M., Konopka, L., Ceglarek, B., Dmoszynska, A., et al. (2000) "Cladribine with or without prednisone in the treatment of previously treated and untreated B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia —updated results of the multi-centre study of 378 patients", British Journal of Haematology, 108, 357 — 368.
   Google Scholar
• Robak, T., Gora-Tybor, J., Lech-Maranda, E., Blonski, J.Z. and Kasznicki, M. (2001) "Cladribine in combination with mitoxan-trone and cyclophosphamide (CMC) in the treatment of heavily pretreated patients with advanced indolent lymphoid malignancies", European Journal of Haematology, 66, 188–194.
   Google Scholar
• Plosker, G.L. and Figgitt, D.P. (2003) "Rituximab: a review of its use in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leuke-mia", Drugs, 63, 803–843.
   Google Scholar
• Hiddeman, W., Forspointner, R., Fiedler, F., Gramatzki, M., Dorken, B., Illiger, H.J., et al. (2001) "The addition of rituximab to combination chemotherapy with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) results in a significant increase of overall response as compared to FCM alone in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas (MCL) — Results of a prospective randomized comparison of the German Low Grade Study Group (GLSG)", Blood, 98, 844a (abstract 3507).
   Google Scholar
• Sacchi, S., Tucci, A., Merli, F., Orsucci, L., Cervetti, G., Occhini, U., et al. (2002) "Phase II study with fludarabine and cyclopho-sphamide plus rituximab (FC + R) in relapsed follicular lymphoma patients", Blood, 100, suppl 572a (abstract 2246).
   Google Scholar
• Polliack, A., Cohen, Y., Daas, N., Libster, D., Shwidel, L., Klepfish, A., et al. (2001) "Fludarabine (FLU)-containing regimen and rituximab (RI) as primary therapy with curative intent for younger patients with progressive and advanced B-CLL: high rate of initial response including molecular remission", Blood, 98, (suppl 1) 364a (abstract 1532).
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, A., Polliack, A., Ben-Bassat, I., Avigdor, A., Bennett, M., Berkowicz, M., et al. (2002) "Results of a phase II study employing a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and rituximab (FCR) as primary therapy for patients with advanced follicular lymphoma (FL). The Israel cooperative Lymphoma Group", Blood, 100, (suppl. 1) 360a (abstract 1393).
   Google Scholar