225
Views
36
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Regulation of T Lymphocyte Quiescence

, , &
Pages 1959-1967 | Received 26 Mar 2004, Published online: 03 Aug 2009

References

  • Walker, L.S. and Abbas, A.K. (2002) "The enemy within: keeping self-reactive T cells at bay in the periphery", Nat. Rev. ImmunoL, 2, 11 — 19.
  • Healy, ii. and Goodnow, C.C. (1998) "Positive and negative signaling by lymphocyte receptors", Annu. Rev. Immunol., 16, 645–670.
  • Yusuf, I. and Fruman, D.A. (2003) "Regulation of quiescence in lymphocytes", Trends ImmunoL, 24, 380–386.
  • Yoshida, Y., Nakamura, T., Komoda, M., Satoh, H., Suzuki, T., Tsuzuku, J.K., et al. (2003) "Mice lacking a transcriptional corepressor Tob are predisposed to cancer", Genes Dev., 17, 1201 — 1206.
  • Yoon, H.S., Chen, X. and Yang, V.W. (2003) "Kruppel-like factor 4 mediates p53-dependent G1 /S cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage", J. Biol. Chem., 278, 2101 — 2105.
  • Chen, X., Johns, D.C., Geiman, D.E., Marban, E., Dang, D.T., Hamlin, G., et al. (2001) "Kruppel-like factor 4 (gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor) inhibits cell proliferation by blocking G 1/S progression of the cell cycle", J. Biol. Chem., 276, 30423–30428.
  • Feske, S., Giltnane, J., Dolmetsch, R., Staudt, L.M. and Rao, A. (2001) "Gene regulation mediated by calcium signals in T lymphocytes", Nat. ImmunoL, 2, 316–324.
  • Teague, T.K., Hildeman, D., Kedl, R.M., Mitchell, T., Rees, W., Schaefer, B.C., et al. (1999) "Activation changes the spectrum but not the diversity of genes expressed by T cells", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 12691–12696.
  • Bluestone, J.A. and Abbas, A.K. (2003) "Natural versus adaptive regulatory T cells", Nat. Rev. Immunol., 3, 253–257.
  • Blair, P.J., Bultman, Si., Haas, J.C., Rouse, B.T., Wilkinson, J.E. and Godfrey, V.L. (1994) "CD4 + CD8- T cells are the effector cells in disease pathogenesis in the scurfy (sf) mouse", J. Immunol., 153, 3764 — 3774.
  • Brunkow, ME., Jeffery, E.W., Hjerrild, K.A., Paeper, B., Clark, L.B., Yasayko, S.A., et al. (2001) "Disruption of a new forkhead/ winged-helix protein, scurfin, results in the fatal lymphoproliferative disorder of the scurfy mouse", Nat. Genet., 27, 68–73.
  • Bennett, CL., Christie, J., Ramsdell, F., Brunkow, ME., Ferguson, P.J., Whitesell, L., et al. (2001) "The immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome (IPEX) is caused by mutations of FOXP3", Nat. Genet., 27, 20–21.
  • Wildin, R.S., Ramsdell, F., Peake, J., Faravelli, F., Casanova, J.L., Buist, N., et al. (2001) "X-linked neonatal diabetes mellitus, enteropathy and endocrinopathy syndrome is the human equivalent of mouse scurfy", Nat. Genet., 27, 18 — 20.
  • Tran, H., Brunet, A., Griffith, E.C. and Greenberg, M.E. (2003) "The many forks in FOXO's road", Sci. STKE., 2003, RE5.
  • Burgering, B.M. and Kops, G.J. (2002) "Cell cycle and death control: long live Forkheads", Trends Biochem. Sci., 27, 352— 360.
  • Schmidt, M., Fernandez de Mattos, S., van der Horst, A., Klompmaker, R., Kops, G.J., Lam, E.W., et al. (2002) "Cell cycle inhibition by Fox0 forkhead transcription factors involves down-regulation of cyclin D", MoL Cell Biol., 22, 7842–7852.
  • Stahl, M., Dijkers, P.F., Kops, G.J., Lens, S.M., Coffer, P.J., Burgering, B.M., et al. (2002) "The forkhead transcription factor Fox0 regulates transcription of p27Kipl and Bim in response to IL-2", J. ImmunoL, 168, 5024 — 5031.
  • Medema, R.H., Kops, G.J., Bos, J.L. and Burgering, B.M. (2000) "AFX-like Forkhead transcripiton factors mediate cell-cycle reg-ulation by Ras and PKB through p27kip 1 ", Nature, 404, 782–787.
  • Coffer, P.J. (2003) "Transcriptional regulation of lymphocyte quiescence: as cunning as a FOX", Trends ImmunoL, 24, 470 — 471; author reply 471.
  • Braecicman, B.P., Houthoofd, K., De Vreese, A. and Vanfleteren, J.R. (1999) "Apparent uncoupling of energy production and consumption in long-lived Clk mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans", Curr. Biol., 9, 493–496.
  • Vanfleteren, J.R. and Braecicman, B.P. (1999) "Mechanisms of life span determination in Caenorhabditis elegans", Neurobiol. Aging, 20, 487 — 502.
  • Kops, G.J., Dansen, TB., Polderman, P.E., Saarloos, I., Wirtz, K.W., Coffer, P.J., et al. (2002) "Forkhead transcription factor FOX03a protects quiescent cells from oxidative stress", Nature, 419, 316–321.
  • Kops, G.J. and Burgering, B.M. (1999) "Forkhead transcription factors: new insights into protein lcinase B (c-akt) signaling", J. MoL Med., 77, 656–665.
  • Kops, G.J., de Ruiter, N.D., de Vries-Smits, A.M., Powell, DR., Bos, J.L. and Burgering, B.M. (1999) "Direct control of the Forkhead transcription factor AFX by protein kinase B", Nature, 376, 599.
  • Leenders, H., Whiffield, S., Benoist, C. and Mathis, D. (2000) "Role of the forkhead transcription family member, FKHR, in thymocyte differentiation", Eur. J. Immunol., 30, 2980–2990.
  • Hildeman, D.A., Zhu, Y., Mitchell, T.C., Bouillet, P., Strasser, A., Kappler, J., etal. (2002) "Activated T cell death in vivo mediated by proapoptotic bc1-2 family member bim", Immunity, 16, 759–767.
  • Ramaswamy, S., Nakamura, N., Sansal, I., Bergeron, L. and Sellers, WR. (2002) "A novel mechanism of gene regulation and tumor suppression by the transcription factor FKHR", Cancer Cell, 2, 81–91.
  • Turner, J. and Crossley, M. (1999) "Mammalian Kruppel-like transcription factors: more than just a pretty finger", Trends Biochem. Sci., 24, 236–241.
  • Kuo, CT., Veselits, M. and Leiden, J.M. (1997) "LKLF: A transcriptional regulator of single-positive T cell quiescence and survival", Science, 277, 1986 — 1990.
  • Bucley, A.F., Kuo, C.T. and Leiden, J.M. (2001) "Transcription factor LKLF is sufficient to program T cell quiescence via a c-Myc-dependent pathway", Nature Immunol., 2, 698–704.
  • Mateyak, M.K., Obaya, A.J. and Sedivy, J.M. (1999) "c-Myc regulates cyclin D-Cdk4 and -Cdk6 activity but affects cell cycle progression at multiple independent points", Mol. Cell Biol., 19, 4672–4683.
  • Hermelcing, H., Rago, C., Schuhmacher, M., Li, Q., Barrett, J.F., Obaya, A.J., et al. (2000) "Identification of CDK4 as a target of c-MYC", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 2229–2234.
  • Shie, J.L., Chen, Z.Y., O'Brien, M.J., Pestell, R.G., Lee, M.E. and Tseng, C.C. (2000) "Role of gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor in colonic cell growth and differentiation", Am. J. Physiol. Gastro-intest. Liver Physiol., 279, G806–814.
  • Bush, A., Mateyak, M., Dugan, K., Obaya, A., Adachi, S., Sedivy, J., et al. (1998) "c-myc null cells misregulate cad and gadd45 but not other proposed c-Myc targets", Genes Dev., 12, 3797 — 3802.
  • Shie, J.L., Chen, Z.Y., Fu, M., Pestell, R.G. and Tseng, C.C. (2000) "Gut-enriched Kruppel-like factor represses cyclin DI promoter activity through Sp 1 motif', Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 2969–2976.
  • Coghill, E., Eccleston, S., Fox, V., Cerruti, L., Brown, C., Cunningham, J., et al. (2001) "Erythroid Kruppel-like factor (EKLF) coordinates erythroid cell proliferation and hemoglobini-zation in cell lines derived from EKLF null mice", Blood, 97, 1861 — 1868.
  • Narla, G., Heath, K.E., Reeves, H.L., Li, D., Giono, L.E., Kimmelman, A.C., et al. (2001) "KLF6, a candidate tumor suppressor gene mutated in prostate cancer", Science, 294, 2563 — 2566.
  • Tzachanis, D., Freeman, G.J., Hirano, N., van Puijenbroek, A.A.F.L., Delfs, M.W., Berezovskaya, A., et al. (2001) "Tob is a negative regulator of activation that is expressed in anergic and quiescent T cells", Nature Immunol., 2, 1174 — 1182.
  • Tzachanis, D., Lafuente, E.M. and Boussiotis, V.A. (2002) "Tob is a negative regulator of T cell activation and cytolcine transcription", Mod. Asp. Immunol., 2, 117 — 120.
  • Matsuda, S., Rouault, J.-P., Magaurd, J.-P. and Berther, C. (2001) "In search of a function for the TIS2I/PC3/BTGI/TOB family", FEBS Lett., 497, 67–72.
  • Bradbury, A., Possenti, R., Shooter, R. and Tirone, F. (1991) "Molecular cloning of PC3, a putatively secreted protein whose mRNA is induced by nerve growth factor and depolarization", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 88, 3353–3357.
  • Fletcher, B.S., Lim, R.W., Varum, B.C., Kujubu, D.A., Koski, R.A. and Herschman, H.R. (1991) "Structure and expression of TIS2I, a primary response gene induced by growth factors and tumor romoters", J. Biol. Chem., 266, 14511–14518.
  • Rouault, J.-P., Rimokh, R., Tessa, C., Paranhos, G., Ffrench, M., Duret, L., et al. (1992) "BTGI, a member of a new family of antiproliferative genes", EMBO J., 11, 1663–1670.
  • Matsuda, S., Kawamura-Tsuzuku, J., Ohsugi, M., Yoshida, M., Emi, M., Nakamura, Y., et al. (1996) "Tob, a novel protein that interacts with p1851"112, is associated with anti-proliferative activity", Oncogene, 12, 705–713.
  • Yoshida, Y., Matsuda, S., Ikematsu, N., Kawamura-Tsuzuku, J., Inazawa, J., Umemori, H., et al. (1998) "ANA, a novel member of TobIBTG1 family, is expressed in the ventricular zone of the developing central nervous system", Oncogene, 16, 2687–2693.
  • Ikematsu, N., Yoshida, Y., Kawamura-Tsuzuku, J., Ohsugi, M., Onda, M., Hirai, M., et al. (1999) "Tob2, a novel anti-proliferative Tob/BTGI family member, associates with a component of the CCR4 transcriptional regulatory complex capable of binding cyclin-dependent lcinases", Oncogene, 18, 7432–7441.
  • Buanne, P., Corrente, G., Micheli, L., Palena, A., Iavia, Spadafora, C., Lakshmana, M.K., et al. (2000) "Cloning of PC3B, a novel member of the PC3/BTG/Tob family of growth inhibitory genes, highly expressed in the olfractory epithlium", Genomics, 68, 253 — 263.
  • Montagnoli, A., Guardavaccaro, D., Starace, G. and Tirone, F. (1996) "Overexpression of the nerve growth factor-induced PC3 immediate early gene is associated with growth inhibition", Cell Growth Differ., 7, 1327 — 1336.
  • Lin, W.J., Gary, J.D., Yang, M.C., Clarke, S. and Herschman, H.R. (1996) "The mammalian immediate-early TI52I protein and the leukemia-associated BTGI protein interact with a protein-arginine N-methyltransferase", J. Biol. Chem., 271, 15034 — 15044.
  • Bogdan, J.A., Adams-Burton, C., Pedicord, D.L., Sukovich, D.A., Benfield, P.A., Corjay, M.H., et al. (1998) "Human carbon catabolite repressor protein (CCR4)-associative factor 1: cloning, expression and characterization of its interactions with B-cell tranlocation protein BTG I", Biochem. J., 336, 471 —481.
  • Yoshida, Y., Hosoda, E., Nakamura, T. and Yamamoto, T. (2001) "Association of ANA, a member of the antiproliferative Tob family proteins, with a Cafl component of the CCD4 transcriptional regulatory complex", Jpn. J. Cancer. Res., 92, 592— 596.
  • Prevot, D., Morel, A.-P., Voeltzel, T., Rostan, M.-C., Rimokh, R., Magaud, J.-P., et al. (2001) "Relationships of the antiproliferative proteins BTGI and BTG2 with CAF I, the human homolog of a component of the yeast CCR4 transcripitonal complex", J. Biol. Chem., 276, 9640–9648.
  • Denis, C.L. (1984) "Identification of new genes involved in the regulation of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase II", Genetics, 108, 833 — 844.
  • Prevot, D., Voeltzel, T., Bitor, A.-M., Morel, A.-P., Rostan, M.-C., Magaud, J.-P., et al. (2000) "The leukemia-associated protein Btg 1 and the p53-regulated protein Btg2 interact with the homeoprotein Hoxb9 and enhance its transcriptional activation", J. Biol. Chem., 275, 147–153.
  • Yoshida, Y., Tanaka, S., Umemori, H., Minowa, O., Usui, M., Ikematsu, N., et al. (2000) "Negative regulation of BMP/Smad signaling by Tob in osteoblasts", Cell, 103, 1085 — 1097.
  • Itoh, S., Itoh, F., Goumans, M.-J. and ten Dijke, P. (2000) "Signaling of transforming growth factor-a family members through Smad proteins", Eur. J. Biochem., 000, 267.
  • Shull, MM., Ormsby, I., Kier, A.B., Pawlowski, S., Diebold, R.J., Yin, M., et al. (1992) "Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene results in multifocal inflamatory disease", Nature, 359, 693–699.
  • Gorelik, L. and Flavell, R.A. (2000) "Abrogation of TGFb signaling in T cells leads to spontaneous T cell differentiation and autoimmune disease", Immunity, 12, 171 — 181.
  • Nakao, A., Miike, S., Hatano, M., Okumura, K., Tokuhisa, T., Ra, C., et al. (2000) "Blockade of transforming growth factor /3/smad signaling in T cells by overexpression of Smad7 enhances antigen-induced airway inflamation and airway reactivity", J. Exp. Med., 192, 151–158.
  • Yang, X., Letterio, ii., Lechleider, R.J., Chen, L., Hayman, R., Gu, H., et al. (1999) "Targeted disruption of SMAD3 results in impaired mucosal immunity and diminished T cell responsiveness to TGF-/3", EMBO J., 18, 1280 — 1291.
  • Massague, J. (1998) "TGF-b signal transduction", Annu. Rev. Biochem., 67, 753–791.
  • Sakaguchi, S., Sakaguchi, N., Asano, M., Itoh, M. and Toda, M. (1995) "Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases", J. Immunol., 155, 1151–1164.
  • Sakaguchi, S. (2003) "The origin of FOXP3-expressing CD4 + regulatory T cells: thymus or periphery", J. Clin. Invest., 112, 1310 — 1312.
  • Ramsdell, F. (2003) "Foxp3 and natural regulatory T cells: key to a cell lineage?", Immunity, 19, 165–168.
  • Sakaguchi, S. (2003) "Control of immune responses by naturally arising CD4 + regulatory T cells that express toll-like receptors", J. Exp. Med., 197, 397–401.
  • Groux, H., O'Garra, A., Bigler, M., Rouleau, M., Antonenko, S., de Vries, J., et al. (1997) "A CD4 + T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T cell responses and prevents colitis", Nature, 389, 737–742.
  • Groux, H., Bigler, M., de Vries, J.E. and Roncarolo, M.G. (1996) "Interleulcin-10 induces a long-term antigen-specific anergic state in human CD4 + T cells", J. Exp. Med., 184, 19–29.
  • Tivol, E.A., Borriello, F., Schweitzer, N.A., Lynch, W.P., Blue-stone, J.A. and Sharpe, A.H. (1995) "Loss of CTLA4 leads to massive lymphoproliferation and fatal multiorgan tissue destruc-tion, revealing a critical negative regulatory role of CTLA4", Immunity, 3, 541 —547.
  • Schubert, L.A., Jeffery, E., Zhang, Y., Ramsdell, F. and Ziegler, S.F. (2001) "Scurfin (FOXP3) acts as a repressor of transcription and regulates T cell activation", J. Biol. Chem., 276, 37672–37679.
  • Hori, S., Nomura, T. and Sakaguchi, S. (2003) "Control of regulatory T cell development by the transcription factor Foxp3", Science, 299, 1057 — 1061.
  • Khattri, R., Cox, T., Yasayko, S.A. and Ramsdell, F. (2003) "An essential role for Scurfin in CD4 + CD25 + T regulatory cells", Nat. Immunol., 4, 337–342.
  • Fontenot, JD., Gavin, MA. and Rudensky, A.Y. (2003) "Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells", Nat. Immunol., 4, 330–336.
  • Khattri, R., Kasprowicz, D., Cox, T., Mortrud, M., Appleby, MW., Brunkow, ME., etal. (2001) "The amount of scurfin protein determines peripheral T cell number and responsiveness", J. Immunol., 167, 6312–6320.
  • Walker, MR., Kasprowicz, DJ., Gersuk, V.H., Benard, A., Van Landeghen, M., Buckner, J.H., et al. (2003) "Induction of FoxP3 and acquisition of T regulatory activity by stimulated human CD4 + CD25- T cells", J. Clin. Invest., 112, 1437–1443.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.