66
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Commentary

Bendamustine and cloretazine: Alkylators with sharply contrasting activity in AML

Pages 1064-1066 | Published online: 01 Jul 2009

References

  • Strupp C, Knipp S, Hartmann J, Gattermann N, Haas R, Germing U. A pilot study of bendamustine in elderly patients with high-risk MDS and AML. Leuk Lymphoma 2007; 48: 1161–1166
  • Cortes J, Estey E, Beran M, O'Brien S, Giles F, Koller C, et al. Cyclophosphamide, ara-C and topotecan (CAT) for patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2000; 36: 479–484
  • Giles F, Rizzieri D, Karp J, Vey N, Ravandi F, Faderl S, et al. Cloretazine (VNP40101M), a novel sulfonylhydrazine alkylating agent, in patients age 60 years or older with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 25–31
  • Giles F, Verstovsek S, Faderl S, Vey N, Karp J, Roboz G, et al. A phase II study of cloretazine (VNP40101M), a novel sulfonylhydrazine alkylating agent, in patients with very high risk relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2006; 30: 1591–1595
  • Hall A G, Tilby M J. Mechanisms of action of, and modes of resistance to, alkylating agents used in the treatment of haematological malignancies. Blood Rev 1992; 6: 163–173
  • Shyam K, Cosby L A, Sartorelli A C. Synthesis and evaluation of N,N′-bis(arylsulfonyl)hydrazines as antineoplastic agents. J Med Chem 1985; 28: 525–527
  • Shyam K, Hrubiec R T, Furubayashi R, Cosby L A, Sartorelli A C. 1,2-Bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines. III. Effects of structural modification on antineoplastic activity. J Med Chem 1987; 30: 2157–2161
  • Penketh P G, Shyam K, Sartorelli A C. Comparison of DNA lesions produced by tumor-inhibitory 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines and chloroethylnitrosoureas. Biochem Pharmacol 2000; 59: 283–291
  • Pratviel G, Shyam K, Sartorelli A C. Cytotoxic and DNA-damaging effects of 1,2-bis(sulfonyl)hydrazines on human cells of the Mer+ and Mer− phenotype. Cancer Biochem Biophys 1989; 10: 365–375
  • Finch R A, Shyam K, Penketh P G, Sartorelli A C. 1,2-Bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-(methylamino)carbonylhydrazine (101M): a novel sulfonylhydrazine prodrug with broad-spectrum antineoplastic activity. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 3033–3038
  • Ishiguro K, Shyam K, Penketh P G, Sartorelli A C. Role of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in the cytotoxic activity of cloretazine. Mol Cancer Ther 2005; 4: 1755–1763
  • Shyam K, Penketh P G, Loomis R H, Rose W C, Sartorelli A C. Antitumor 2-(aminocarbonyl)-1,2-bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-hydrazines. J Med Chem 1996; 39: 796–801
  • Baumann R P, Shyam K, Penketh P G, Remack J S, Brent T P, Sartorelli A C. 1,2-Bis(methylsulfonyl)-1-(2-chloroethyl)-2-[(methylamino)carbonyl]hydrazi ne (VNP40101M). II. Role of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in cytotoxicity. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2004; 53: 288–295
  • Mao J, Xu Y, Wu D, Almassain B. Pharmacokinetics, mass balance, and tissue distribution of a novel DNA alkylating agent, VNP40101M, in rat. AAPS Pharm Sci 2002; 4: E24
  • Murren J, Modiano M, Kummar S, Clairmont C, Egorin M, Chu E, et al. A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of VNP40101M, a new alkylating agent, in patients with advanced or metastatic cancer. Invest New Drugs 2005; 23: 123–135
  • Gerson S L, Miller K, Berger N A. O6 alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in human myeloid cells. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 2106–2114
  • Ishiguro K, Seow H A, Penketh P G, Shyam K, Sartorelli A C. Mode of action of the chloroethylating and carbamoylating moieties of the prodrug cloretazine. Mol Cancer Ther 2006; 5: 969–976
  • Gerson S L. MGMT: its role in cancer aetiology and cancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Cancer 2004; 4: 296–307
  • Spiro T P, Liu L, Majka S, Haaga J, Willson J K, Gerson S L. Temozolomide: the effect of once- and twice-a-day dosing on tumor tissue levels of the DNA repair protein O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA-alkyltransferase. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 2309–2317
  • Liu L, Markowitz S, Gerson S L. Mismatch repair mutations override alkyltransferase in conferring resistance to temozolomide but not to 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)nitrosourea. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 5375–5379
  • Taverna P, Catapano C V, Citti L, Bonfanti M, D'Incalci M. Influence of O6-methylguanine on DNA damage and cytotoxicity of temozolomide in L1210 mouse leukemia sensitive and resistant to chloroethylnitrosoureas. Anticancer Drugs 1992; 3: 401–405
  • Seiter K, Liu D, Loughran T, Siddiqui A, Baskind P, Ahmed T. Phase I study of temozolomide in relapsed/refractory acute leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 3249–3253
  • D'Atri S, Piccioni D, Castellano A, Tuorto V, Franchi A, Lu K, et al. Chemosensitivity to triazene compounds and O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase levels: studies with blasts of leukaemic patients. Ann Oncol 1995; 6: 389–393

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.