Publication Cover
Policing and Society
An International Journal of Research and Policy
Volume 30, 2020 - Issue 6
346
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Baptist policing in Burma: swarming, vigilantism or community self-help?

&
Pages 688-703 | Received 26 Aug 2018, Accepted 13 Feb 2019, Published online: 05 Mar 2019

References

  • Asia Foundation, 2009. Afghanistan in 2009: a survey of the Afghan people. Kabul: The Asia Foundation.
  • Asia Foundation, 2010. Afghanistan in 2010: a survey of the Afghan people. Kabul: The Asia Foundation.
  • Asia Foundation, 2011. Afghanistan in 2011: a survey of the Afghan people. Kabul: The Asia Foundation.
  • Aung-Thwin, M. and Aung-Thwin, M., 2012. A history of Myanmar since ancient times: traditions and transformations. London: Reaktion Books.
  • Beech, H., 2017. The murder of an honorable lawyer in Myanmar. New Yorker, 7 Mar. Available from: https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-murder-of-an-honorable-lawyer-in-myanmar [Accessed 21 August 2018].
  • Braithwaite, J., 2008. Regulatory capitalism: how it works, ideas for making it work better. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Braithwaite, J. and D’Costa, B., 2018. Cascades of violence. Canberra: ANU Press.
  • Braithwaite, J, and Gohar, A. 2014. Restorative justice, policing and insurgency: learning from Pakistan. Law & Society Review (forthcoming); RegNet Research Paper No. 2013/14. Available from: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2314169.
  • Braithwaite, J. and Rashed, T., 2014. Nonviolence and reconciliation among the violence in Libya. Restorative justice: an international Journal, 2 (2), 185–204.
  • Braithwaite, J. and Wardak, A., 2013. Crime and war in Afghanistan: part I: the Hobbesian solution. British journal of criminology, 53, 179–196.
  • Brenner, D., 2015. Ashes of co-optation: from armed group fragmentation to the rebuilding of popular insurgency in Myanmar. Conflict, security and development, 15, 337–358.
  • Burma News International, 2013. Deciphering Myanmar’s peace process: a reference guide. Chiang Mai: Burma News International.
  • Button, M., 2002. Private policing. Devon: Willan.
  • Campbell, K., Wilson, D., and Braithwaite, J., 2016. Ending residual paramilitary domination in Northern Ireland? Restorative economic and social inclusion strategies. RegNet Research Paper No. 123.
  • Crouch, M., 2018. Democracy and peace frustrated in Myanmar: remembering U Ko Ni. the interpreter, blog post, 29 Jan. Available form: https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/democracy-and-peace-frustrated-myanmar-remembering-u-ko-ni [Accessed 21 August 2018].
  • Farrelly, N. and Hossain, I., 2015. From Bangladesh: considering another side of the Rakhine conflict. In: N. Cheeseman and H.K. Win, eds. Communal conflict in Myanmar. Yangon: Myanmar Knowledge Society, 165–179.
  • Felbab-Brown, V., 2015. Enabling war and peace: drugs, logs, gems, and wildlife in Thailand and Burma. East Asia Policy Paper 7. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
  • GfK Verein, 2014. Trust in professions 2014. Available from: https://www.gfk-verein.org/sites/default/files/medien/359/dokumente/2014_gfk_verein_trust_in_professions_eng.pdf [Accessed 21 August 2018].
  • GfK Verein, 2016. Trust in professions 2016. Available from: https://www.gfk.com/fileadmin/user_upload/dyna_content/GB/documents/Press_Releases/2016/Trust_in_Professions_2016_Sweden_EN.pdf [Accessed 21 August 2018].
  • ICG, 2013. A tentative peace in Myanmar’s Kachin conflict. Yangon: International Crisis Group.
  • Johnston, L., 1996. What is vigilantism? British journal of criminology, 36 (2), 220–236.
  • Kachin Women’s Association Thailand, 2014. Silent offensive: how Burma army strategies are fuelling the Kachin drug crisis. Chiang Mai: Kachin Women’s Association Thailand.
  • Kaveri, 2017. Being stateless and the plight of Rohingyas. Peace review, 29, 31–39.
  • Kilcullen, D.J., 2011. Deiokes and the Taliban: local governance, bottom-up state formation and the rule of law in counter-insurgency. In: W. Mason, ed. The rule of law in Afghanistan: missing in inaction. New York: Cambridge University Press, 35–49.
  • Lasseter, T., 2018. In a Muslim lawyer’s murder, Myanmar’s shattered dream. Reuters, 13 Dec.
  • Lea, J. and Stenson, K., 2007. Security, sovereignty, and non-state governance “from below”. Canadian journal of law & society/La Revue Canadienne Droit et Société, 22 (2), 9–27.
  • Lintner, B., 1990. The rise and fall of the Communist Party of Burma. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Lintner, B., 1999. Burma in revolt: opium and insurgency since 1948. Chang Mai: Silkworm Books.
  • Loader, I., 2000. Plural policing and democratic governance. Social & legal studies, 9 (3), 323–345.
  • Marien, S., 2013. Measuring political trust across time and space. In: S. Zmerli and M. Hooghe, eds. Political trust: why context matters. Colchester: ECPR Press.
  • Maruna, S., 2001. Making good: how ex-convicts reform and rebuild their lives. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Maung, A.M., 2014. The soldier and the state: the Tatmadaw and political liberalization in Myanmar since 2011. South East Asia research, 22 (2), 233–249.
  • McCoy, A.W., Read, C.B., and Adams, L.P., 1972. The politics of heroin in Southeast Asia. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Meehan, P., 2011. Drugs, insurgency and state-building in Burma: why the drugs trade is central to Burma’s changing political order. Journal of Southeast Asian studies, 42, 376–404.
  • Moe, W., 2017. U Ko Ni, a prominent Muslim lawyer in Myanmar, is fatally shot. New York Times, 29 Jan. Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/29/world/asia/myanmar-u-ko-ni-yangon-assassination-daw-aung-san-suu-kyi.html [Accessed 21 August 2018]m
  • Moore, M., 1995. Creating public value - strategic management in government. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Neocleous, M., 1998. Policing and pin-making: Adam Smith, police and the state of prosperity. Policing and society, 8, 425–449.
  • O’Hara, C. and Selling, N., 2012. Myanmar’s ethnic insurgents: UWSA, KNU and KIO. Stockholm: Institute for Security and Development Policy.
  • Paoli, L., Greenfield, V., and Reuter, P., 2009. The world heroin market: can Supply be reduced? New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Pasquino, P., 1991. Theatrum politicum: the genealogy of capital – police and the state of prosperity. In: G. Burchell, C. Gordon, and P. Miller, eds. The Foucault effect: studies in governmentality. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
  • Rheault, M., 2007. Many world citizens trust neighbors more than police. Gallup, 25 Oct. Available from: http://www.gallup.com/poll/102346/many-world-citizens-trust-neighbors-more-than-police.aspx [Accessed 13 October 2015].
  • Selth, A., 2013. Burma’s security forces: performing, reforming or transforming? Griffith Asia Institute Regional Outlook Paper No. 45. Brisbane: Griffith University.
  • Shearing, C. and Stenning, P., 1981. Modern private security: its growth and implications. In: M. Tonry and N. Morris, eds. Crime and justice: an annual review of research. Vol 3. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 193–245.
  • Silke, A., 1999. Ragged justice: loyalist vigilantism in Northern Ireland. Terrorism and political violence, 11 (3), 1–31.
  • Smith, M., 1994. Ethnic groups in Burma: development, democracy and human rights. London: Anti-Slavery International.
  • Snyder, R., 2006. Does lootable wealth Breed disorder? A political economy of extraction framework. Comparative political studies, 39, 943–968.
  • Steinberg, D.I., 2010. Burma/Myanmar: what everyone needs to know. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Suttles, G.D., 1968. The social order of the slum. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Suu Kyi, A.S., 1991. Freedom from fear. 1st ed. London: Penguin.
  • Transparency International, 2013. Global corruption barometer 2013. Available from: https://www.transparency.org/gcb2013/report [Accessed 20 August 2018].
  • UNODC, 2013. Southeast Asia opium survey 2013. Available form: https://www.unodc.org/documents/crop-monitoring/sea/SEA_Opium_Survey_2013_web.pdf [Accessed 21 August 2018].
  • Van Steden, R., 2018. Street pastors: on security, care and faith in the British night-time economy. European journal of criminology, 15 (4), 403–420.
  • Venkatesh, S.A., 1997. The social organization of street gang activity in an urban ghetto. American journal of sociology, 103 (1), 82–111.
  • Wardak, A. and Braithwaite, J., 2013. Crime and war in Afghanistan: part II: a Jeffersonian alternative? British journal of criminology, 53, 197–214.
  • Whyte, W.F., 2012. Street corner society: the social structure of an Italian slum. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Woods, K., 2011. Ceasefire capitalism: military-private partnerships, resource concessions and military-state building in the Burma-China borderlands. Journal of peasant studies, 38, 747–770.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.