Publication Cover
Policing and Society
An International Journal of Research and Policy
Volume 31, 2021 - Issue 2
948
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Parking tickets and police reform: an analysis of the development and impact of police scandals

Pages 161-178 | Received 20 Mar 2019, Accepted 19 Nov 2019, Published online: 28 Nov 2019

References

  • Adut, A., 2008. On scandal: moral disturbances in society, politics and art. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Alpert, G. and Fridell, L., 1992. Police vehicles and firearms: instruments of deadly force. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
  • Bayley, D., 1994. Police for the future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Blom-Cooper, L., 2017. Public inquiries: wrong route on Bloody Sunday. Oxford: Hart.
  • Bottomley, A. K. and Pease, K., 1986. Crime and punishment: interpreting the data. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
  • Bradford, B., Brown, J., and Schuster, I., 2012. Results of a survey on the state of the police service in England and Wales. London: Independent Commission on Policing.
  • Brady, C., 2014. The guarding of Ireland: the Garda Síochána and the Irish state 1960–2014. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
  • Brenton, S., 2012. Scandals as a positive feature of liberal democratic politics: a Durkheimian perspective. Comparative sociology, 11 (6), 815–844. doi: 10.1163/15691330-12341247
  • Cavender, G., Jurik, N., and Cohen, A., 1993. The baffling case of the smoking gun: the social ecology of political accounts in the Iran-Contra affair. Social problems, 40 (2), 152–166. doi: 10.2307/3096919
  • Charleton Tribunal, 2018. Third interim report of the tribunal of inquiry into protected disclosures made under the Protected Disclosures Act 2014 and certain other matters dealing with the conduct of the health Service Executive, the Child and Family Agency (TUSLA), Raidio Teilifis Eireann, Garda Headquarters, and Garda officers concerning Sergeant Maurice McCabe and related matters pursuant to terms of reference (a) to (o). Dublin: Stationary Office.
  • Chenane, J., Wright, E., and Gibson, C., 2019. Traffic stops, race, and perceptions of fairness. Policing and society. doi:10.1080/10439463.2019.1587436.
  • Clifford, M., 2017. A force for justice: the Maurice McCabe story. Dublin: Hachette Books.
  • Connolly, J., 2002. Policing Ireland: past, present and future. In: P. O’Mahony, ed. Criminal justice in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration, 483–519.
  • Conway, V., 2010. The blue wall of silence: the Morris Tribunal and police accountability in Ireland. Dublin: Irish Academic Press.
  • Conway, V., 2013. Policing twentieth century Ireland: a history of An Garda Síochána. London: Routledge.
  • Corbett, C., 2003. Car crime. Cullompton, Devon: Willan.
  • Crowe Horwath, 2017. Review of matters related to mandatory intoxicant testing and the issue of summonses by the Garda Síochána. Dublin: Policing Authority.
  • Docking, M., 2003. Public perceptions of police accountability and decision-making. London: Home Office.
  • Dunne, D. and Kerrigan, G., 1984. Round up the usual suspects: Nicky Kelly and the Cosgrave coalition. Dublin: Magill.
  • Effectiveness and Renewal Group [EFG], 2018. First report of the effectiveness and renewal group for the department of justice and equality. Dublin: Stationary House.
  • Emsley, C., 1993. ‘Mother, what did policemen do when there weren’t any motors?’: the law, the police and the regulation of motor traffic in England, 1900–1939. Historical journal, 36 (2), 357–381. doi: 10.1017/S0018246X00019270
  • Epp, C., Maynard-Moody, S., and Haider-Markel, D., 2014. Pulled over: how police stops define race and citizenship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Farrell, G., Tilley, N., and Tseloni, A., 2014. Why the crime drop? Crime and justice, 43, 421–490. doi: 10.1086/678081
  • Fennelly Commission, 2017. Final report. Dublin: Department of An Taoiseach.
  • Flatley, J., 2017. Overview of vehicle-related theft. London: Office for National Statistics.
  • Flyvbjerg, B., 2006. Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative inquiry, 12 (2), 219–245. doi: 10.1177/1077800405284363
  • Garda Inspectorate, 2014a. The fixed charge processing system: a 21st century strategy. Dublin: Garda Inspectorate.
  • Garda Inspectorate, 2014b. Criminal investigations. Dublin: Garda Inspectorate.
  • Garda Representative Association [GRA]. 2017. The collation of negative breathtest data was always an ill-considered misuse of scant resources, Press Release 14 September.
  • An Garda Síochána, 2019. Public attitudes survey 2018. Dublin: An Garda Síochána.
  • Greer, C. and McLaughlin, E., 2013. The Sir Jimmy Savile scandal: child sexual abuse and institutional denial at the BBC. Crime, media, culture, 9 (3), 243–263. doi: 10.1177/1741659013513782
  • Greer, C. and McLaughlin, E., 2017. Theorising institutional scandal and the regulatory state. Theoretical criminology, 21 (2), 112–132. doi: 10.1177/1362480616645648
  • Gusfield, J., 1980. The culture of public problems: drink-driving and the symbolic order. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Hansen Löfstrand, C., Loftus, B., and Loader, I., 2018. Private security as moral drama: a tale of two scandals. Policing and society, 28 (8), 968–984. doi: 10.1080/10439463.2017.1348354
  • Ilan, J., 2018. Scumbags!: an ethnography of the interactions between street-based youth and police officers. Policing and society, 28 (6), 684–696. doi: 10.1080/10439463.2016.1257617
  • Inglis, T., 2003. Truth, power and lies: Irish society and the case of the Kerry babies. Dublin: University College Dublin Press.
  • Jacobsson, K. and Löfmarck, E., 2008. A sociology of scandal and moral transgression: the Swedish ‘nannygate’ scandal. Acta sociologica, 51 (3), 203–216. doi: 10.1177/0001699308094166
  • Jefferson, T. and Grimshaw, R., 1984. Controlling the constable. London: Frederick Muller.
  • Joint Committee of Inquiry into the Banking Crisis, 2016. Report of the Joint Committee of inquiry into the banking crisis. Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • Kappeler, V., Sluder, R., and Alpert, G., 1998. Forces of deviance: understanding the dark side of policing. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press.
  • Langton, L. and Durose, M., 2016. Police behavior during traffic and street stops, 2011. Washington, DC: United States Department of Justice.
  • Loader, I. and Mulcahy, A., 2003. Policing and the condition of England. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • FAQs Research, Loyal, S., and Mulcahy, A., 2001. Racism in Ireland: the views of Black and ethnic minorities. Dublin: Amnesty International.
  • Lull, J. and Hinerman, S., eds., 1997. Media scandals: morality and desire in the popular culture marketplace. Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Lundman, R. and Kaufman, R., 2003. Driving while black: effects of race, ethnicity, and gender on citizen self-reports of traffic stops and police actions. Criminology, 41 (1), 195–220. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-9125.2003.tb00986.x
  • Mac Gréil, M., 1996. Prejudice in Ireland revisited. Maynooth: National University of Ireland.
  • Maesschalck, J., 2002. When do scandals have an impact on policy making?: a case study of the police reform following the Dutroux scandal in Belgium. International public management journal, 5 (2), 169–193.
  • Mahon Tribunal, 2012. Final report of the tribunal of inquiry into certain planning matters and payments. Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • Manning, P.K., 2012. Trust and accountability in Ireland: the case of An Garda Síochána. Policing and society, 22 (3), 346–361. doi: 10.1080/10439463.2012.671824
  • Manning, P. and Redlinger, L., 1977. Invitational edges of corruption: some consequences of narcotic law enforcement. In: P. Rock, ed. Drugs and politics. New Jersey: Transaction, 279–310.
  • Marenin, O., 1982. Parking tickets and class repression: the concept of policing in critical theories of criminal justice. Contemporary crises, 6 (3), 241–266. doi: 10.1007/BF00728262
  • Marks, M. and Sklansky, D., eds., 2014. Police reform from the bottom up: officers and their unions as agents of change. London: Routledge.
  • Mawby, R.C., 2017. A question of scandal?: the police and the phone-hacking business. Criminology and criminal justice, 17 (4), 485–502. doi: 10.1177/1748895816677315
  • McNiffe, L., 1997. A history of the Garda Síochána. Dublin: Wolfhound.
  • Moriarty Tribunal, 2011. Report of the tribunal of inquiry into certain payments to politicians and related matters. Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • Moss, B., 2017. Police misconduct: mapping its location, seriousness and theoretical underpinning. Policing: a journal of policy and practice, doi:10.1093/police/pax077.
  • Moss, B., 2019. Pyramids or sandcastles?: regulating police conduct in Ireland. Policing and society. doi:10.1080/10439463.2019.1640221.
  • Mulcahy, A., 2002. The impact of the Northern ‘troubles’ on criminal justice in the Irish Republic. In: P. O’Mahony, ed. Criminal justice in Ireland. Dublin: Institute of Public Administration, 273–296.
  • Mulcahy, A., 2005. The ‘other’ lessons from Ireland?: policing, political violence and policy transfer. European journal of criminology, 2 (2), 185–209. doi: 10.1177/1477370805050865
  • Mulcahy, A., 2008. Policing, ‘community’ and social change in Ireland. In: J. Shapland, ed. Justice, community and civil society. Cullompton, Devon: Willan Publishing, 190–208.
  • Mulcahy, A., 2012. ‘Alright in their own place’: policing and the spatial regulation of Irish Travellers. Criminology and criminal justice, 12 (3), 307–327. doi: 10.1177/1748895811431849
  • Newburn, T., 2015. Literature review – police integrity and corruption. London: HMIC.
  • O'Brien-Olinger, S., 2016. Police, race and culture in the 'new Ireland': an ethnography. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • O’Higgins Commission, 2016. Report of the commission of investigation (certain matters relative to the Cavan/Monaghan division of the Garda Síochána). Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • O’Mahony Report, 2013. Report on allegations of irregularities in the operation of the fixed charge processing system (FCPS). Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • O’Sullivan, M., 2017a. M.A.T./M.I.T. checkpoint examination: examination of the recording of breath tests at mandatory alcohol/intoxicant testing (M.A.T./M.I.T.) checkpoints. Dublin: An Garda Síochána.
  • O’Sullivan, M., 2017b. F.C.P.S examination: issues arising from fixed charge notice offence R0024 – using vehicle without valid test certificate (NCT). Dublin: An Garda Síochána.
  • Policing Authority, 2017a. Policing Authority commentary in relation to the Crowe Horwath final report. Dublin: Policing Authority.
  • Policing Authority, 2017b. Policing Authority statement on Garda Síochána road data – 23 March 2017. Dublin: Policing Authority.
  • Policing Authority, 2018. Policing Authority press release, 20 June 2018. Dublin: Policing Authority.
  • Punch, M., 2003. Rotten orchards: ‘pestilence’, police misconduct and system failure. Policing and society, 13 (2), 171–196. doi: 10.1080/10439460308026
  • Punch, M., 2009. Police corruption: deviance, accountability and reform in policing. Cullompton, Devon: Willan.
  • Reiner, R., 2010. The politics of the police. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Royal Commission on the Police, 1962. Final report (Cmnd 1728). London: HMSO.
  • Ryan Commission, 2009. Report of the commission to inquire into child abuse. Dublin: Houses of the Oireachtas.
  • Sass, J. and Crosbie, T., 2013. Democracy and scandal: a research agenda. Comparative sociology, 12 (6), 851–862. doi: 10.1163/15691330-12341285
  • Scraton, P., 1985. The state of the police. London: Pluto.
  • Shatter, A., 2019. Frenzy and betrayal: the anatomy of a political assassination. Dublin: Merrion Press.
  • Sherman, L., ed., 1974. Police corruption: a sociological perspective. New York: Doubleday.
  • Sherman, L., 1978. Scandal and reform: controlling police corruption. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Skogan, W., 2008. Why reforms fail. Policing and society, 18 (1), 23–34. doi: 10.1080/10439460701718534
  • Skolnick, J., 1966. Justice without trial: law enforcement in democratic society. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Smith, G., 2006. A most enduring problem: police complaints reform in England and Wales. Journal of social policy, 35 (1), 121–141. doi: 10.1017/S0047279405009323
  • Thompson, J., 2000. Political scandal: power and visibility in the media age. Cambridge: Polity.
  • Tumber, H. and Waisbord, S., eds., 2019. The Routledge companion to media and scandal. London: Routledge.
  • Walsh, D., 2018. Adapting the Police Authority concept to a centralised national police service: appearance over substance in the Republic of Ireland? Modern law review, 81 (4), 622–645. doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.12354
  • Warren, P., et al., 2006. Driving while black: bias processes and racial disparity in police stops. Criminology, 44 (3), 709–738. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-9125.2006.00061.x
  • Weinberger, B., 1995. The best police in the world. Aldershot: Scolar Press.
  • Worden, R. and McLean, S., 2017. Mirage of police reform: procedural justice and police legitimacy. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Yin, R., 2017. Case study research and applications. 5th ed. London: Sage.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.