4,798
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Aquaculture and aquafeed in Rwanda: current status and perspectives

ORCID Icon, , , & ORCID Icon

References

  • Abdel-Tawwab, M., M. H. Ahmad, Y. A. E. Khattab, and A. M. E. Shalaby. 2010. Effect of dietary protein level, initial body weight, and their interaction on the growth, feed utilization, and physiological alterations of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture 2 (98):267–74. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.10.027.
  • Adeleke, B., D. Robertson-Andersson, G. Moodley, and S. Taylor. 2021. Aquaculture in Africa: A comparative review of Egypt, Nigeria, and Uganda Vis-À-Vis South Africa. Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture 29 (2):167–97. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1795615.
  • Agboola, J. O., M. Øverland, A. Skrede, and J. Ø. Hansen. 2020. Yeast as major protein-rich ingredient in aquafeeds: A review of the implications for aquaculture production. Reviews in Aquaculture 1–22. doi:10.1111/raq.12507.
  • Ahmed, I., and M. A. Khan. 2004. Dietary lysine requirement of fingerling Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton). Aquaculture 235 (14):499–511. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.009.
  • Angienda, P. O., B. O. Aketch, and E. N. Waindi. 2010. Development of all-male fingerlings by heat treatment and the genetic mechanism of heat induced sex determination in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). International Journal of Biological and Life Sciences 6:38–43.
  • AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2000. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (17th ed.). Gaithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International.
  • Bhujel, R. C. 2013. On-farm feed management practices for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Thailand. In On-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. ed. M. R. Hasan and M. B. New, 159–89. Rome: FAO. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 583.
  • Bondari, K., and D. C. Sheppard. 1981. Soldier fly larvae as feed in commercial fish productions. Aquaculture 24:103–09. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(81)90047-8.
  • Bonfils, S. 2012. Trend analysis of the mean annual temperature in Rwanda during the last fifty two years. Journal of Environmental Protection 3 (6):538–51. doi:10.4236/jep.2012.36065.
  • Bureau, D. P., A. M. Harris, and C. Y. Cho. 1999. Apparent digestibility of rendered animal protein ingredients for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 180 (34):345–58. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00210-0.
  • Cai, J., P. S. Leung, and N. Hishamunda. 2009. Assessment of comparative advantage in aquaculture. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper; No. 528. Rome, FAO. 87p.
  • Charo-Karisa, H., H. Komena, S. Reynolds, M. A. Rezk, R. W. Ponzoni, and H. Bovenhuis. 2006. Genetic and environmental factors affecting growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles: Modelling spatial correlations between hapas. Aquaculture 255 (14):586–96. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.11.041.
  • Church, D. C. 1980. Digestive physiology and nutrition of ruminants. Volume 3-practical nutrition. 2nd ed. Oregon: O., & B Books, Inc. USA.
  • Creswell, D. 2005. The feeding and nutrition of the tilapia. AQUA Culture AsiaPacific magazine, November/December, pp. 32–33.
  • Dadzie, S. 1992. An overview of Aquaculture in Eastern Africa. Hydrobiologia 232 (1):99–110. doi:10.1007/BF00014618.
  • Das, S. K., and B. B. Jana. 2003. Pond fertilization regimen: State-of-the-art. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 13 (12):35–66. doi:10.1300/J028v13n01_03.
  • De Vos, L., J. Snoeks, and D. T. Van Den Audenaerde. 2001. An annotated checklist of the fishes of Rwanda (East Central Africa), with historical data on introductions of commercially important species. Journal of East African Natural History 90 (1):41–68. doi:10.2982/0012-8317(2001)90[41:AACOTF]2.0.CO;2.
  • Diana, J. S., C. K. Lin, and Y. Yi. 1996. Stocking density and supplemental feeding. Pond Dynamics/Aquaculture CRSP.PD/ACRSP Fourteenth Annual Administrative Report. 133–38
  • Edwards, P., and G. L. Allan, ed. 2004. Feeds and feeding for inland aquaculture in Mekong region countries. ACIAR Technical Reports No. 56. 136p.
  • El-Saidy, D. M. S. D., and M. Gaber. 2003. Replacement of fishmeal with a mixture of different plant protein sources in juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) diets. Aquaculture Research 34 (13):1119–27. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00914.x.
  • El-Sayed, A. F. M. 2006. Tilapia culture. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
  • Engle, C. R., M. Brewster, and F. Hitayezu. 1993. An economic analysis of fish production in a subsistence agricultural economy: The case of Rwanda. Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics 8:151–65.
  • FAO/UNDP. 1981. Aquaculture development in Rwanda. Based on the feasibility report of U. W. Schmidt & M. M. J. Vincke. ADCP/MR/81/12. 69 pp.
  • FAO. 2006. The state of the world fisheries and aquaculture. Rome, Italy: FAO.
  • FAO. 2014. Fisheries and aquaculture technical paper. . MDG Centre.http://www.fao.org/assets/infographics/FAO-Infographic-Youth-Aquaculture-Africa-en.pdf.
  • FAO. 2016. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2016: Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. http://www.franciscoblaha.info/blog/2016/7/8/the-state-of-the-world-fisheries-and-aquaculture-2016.
  • FAO. 2017. Regional review on status and trends in aquaculture development in sub-Saharan Africa – 2015, by Benedict P. Satia. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1135/4. Rome, Italy.
  • FAO. 2018b. World aquaculture performance indicators (WAPI)—Fish consumption module (WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1). Rome, Italy: FAO. 2018.
  • FAO. 2018. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018: Meeting the sustainable development goals. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/state-world-fisheries-and-aquaculture-2018.
  • FAO. 2020. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020. Rome: Sustainability in action. doi:10.4060/ca9229en.
  • FAO. 2021. FAO aquaculture news. No. 63 (May). Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/cb4850en/cb4850en.pdf
  • Francis, G., H. P. S. Makkar, and K. Becker. 2001. Antinutritional factors present in plant derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish. Aquaculture 199 (34):197–227. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00526-9.
  • Galiè, A., A. Mulema, M. A. Mora Benard, S. N. Onzere, and K. E. Colverson. 2015. Exploring gender perceptions of resource ownership and their implications for food security among rural livestock owners in Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Nicaragua. Agriculture & Food Security 4 (1):2. doi:10.1186/s40066-015-0021-9.
  • Gatachew, T. A. 1987. A study on an herbivorous fish, Oreochromis niloticus L., diet and its quality in two Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes, Awasa and Zwai. Journal of Fish Biology 30 (4):439–49. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1987.tb05767.x.
  • González‐Rodríguez, Á., J. D. Celada, J. M. Carral, M. Sáez‐Royuela, V. García, and J. B. Fuertes. 2016, 47. Evaluation of poultry by‐product meal as partial replacement of fish meal in practical diets for juvenile tench (Tinca tinca L.). Aquaculture Research 47 (5): 1612–21. doi:10.1111/are.12622.
  • Gorissen, S. H. M., J. J. R. Crombag, J. M. G. Senden, W. A. H. Waterval, J. Bierau, L. B. Verdijk, and L. J. C. van Loon. 2018. Protein content and amino acid composition of commercially available plant-based protein isolates. Amino Acids 50 (12):1685–95. doi:10.1007/s00726-018-2640-5.
  • Halwart, M. 2020. Fish farming high on the global food system agenda in 2020. FAO Aquaculture Newsletter 61:II–III.
  • Hamid, H., N. S. Thakur, and P. Kumar. 2017. Anti-nutritional factors, their adverse effects and need for adequate processing to reduce them in food. Agric International 4 (1):56. doi:10.5958/2454-8634.2017.00013.4.
  • Hishamunda, N., M. J. Curtis, and C. R. Engle. 1996. Estimating Oreochromis nilotica production function for small-scale fish culture in Rwanda. Journal of Aquaculture in the Tropics 11:49–5.
  • Hishamunda, N., M. J. Curtis, and H. L. Upton. 1998. Evaluating and managing risk in small scale fish farming in a developing economy: An application to Rwanda. Aquaculture Economics & Management 2 (1):31–39. doi:10.1080/13657309809380212.
  • Johnson, N. L., C. Kovarik, R. Meinzen-Dick, J. Njuki, and A. Quisumbing. 2016. Gender, assets, and agricultural development: Lessons from eight projects. World Development 83:295–311. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.01.009.
  • Khan, M. S. K., M. A. M. Siddique, and H. Zamal. 2013. Replacement of fish meal by plant protein sources in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diet: Growth performance and utilization. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 12:855–63.
  • Lenihan-Geels, G., S. B. Karen, and L. R. Ferguson. 2013. Alternative sources of omega-3 fats: Can we find a sustainable substitute for fish? Nutrients 5 (4):1301–15. doi:10.3390/nu5041301.
  • Lin, C. K., and Y. Yi. 2003. Minimizing environmental impacts of freshwater aquaculture and reuse of pond effluents and mud. Aquaculture 226 (14):57–68. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00467-8.
  • Liti, D. M., R. M. Mugo, J. M. Munguti, and H. Waidbacher. 2006. Growth and economic performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fed on three brans (maize, wheat and rice) in fertilized ponds. Aquaculture Nutrition 12 (3):239–45. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2095.2006.00397.x.
  • Macintosh, D. J., and D. C. Little. 1995. Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. In Broodstock management and larval quality, ed. N. R. Bromage, and R. J. Roberts), 277–320. Oxford: Blackwell Science.
  • Mbugua, H. M. 2002. The role of fisheries department in aquaculture development in Kenya. Samaki News: A Magazine of the Department of Fisheries of Kenya 1:24–30.
  • McDonald, P., R. A. J. Edwards, F. D. Greenhalgh, and C. A. Morgan. 2002. Animal nutrition, 583–89. 6th ed. Essex, UK: Pearson Education Limited.
  • MINAGRI. 2011. http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/rwa151563.pdf. Kigali, Rwanda: Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources.
  • MINAGRI 2014. Ministry of agriculture and animal resources, Republic of Rwanda. Annual report. 299pp.
  • Mmanda, P. F., D. P. Mulokozi, J. E. Lindberg, H. A. Norman, M. Mtolera, R. Kitula, and T. Lundh. 2020. Fish farming in Tanzania: The availability and nutritive value of local feed ingredients. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 32 (4):341–60. doi:10.1080/10454438.2019.1708836.
  • Molnar, J. J., A. Rubagumya, and V. Adjavon. 1991. Sustainability of aquaculture as a farm enterprise in Rwanda. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 1 (2):37–62. doi:10.1300/J028v01n02_03.
  • Munguti, J., H. Charo-Karisa, M. A. Opiyo, E. O. Ogello, E. Marijani, L. Nzayisenga, and D. Liti. 2012. Nutritive value and availability of commonly used feed ingredients for farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell) in Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 12 (51):6135–55. doi:10.18697/ajfand.51.11085.
  • National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR). December 2020. Upgraded seasonal agricultural survey annual report.
  • Naylor, R. L., R. W. Hardy, D. P. Bureau, A. Chiu, M. Elliott, A. P. Farrell, I. Forster, D. M. Gatlin, R. J. Goldburg, K. Hua, et al. 2009. Feeding aquaculture in an era of finite resources Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106 (36):15103–10. doi:10.1073/pnas.0905235106.
  • Ndanga, L. Z. B., K. K. Quagrainie, and J. H. Dennis. 2013. Economically feasible options for increased women participation in Kenyan aquaculture value chain. Aquaculture 414415:183–90. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.08.012.
  • Nguyen, N. H. Y., C. T. Da, T. Lundh, T. T. Lan, and A. Kiessling. 2018. Comparative evaluation of Brewer’s yeast as a replacement for fishmeal in diets for tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), reared in clear water or biofloc environments. Aquaculture 495:654–60. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.06.035.
  • NISR. 2019. National institute of statistics of Rwanda, labour force survey trends, both August and October 2019.
  • NRC (National Research Council). 2011. Nutrient requirements of fish and shrimp. US states: National academies press.
  • Nyina-wamwiza, L., B. Wathelet, and P. Kestemont. 2007. Potential of local agricultural by-products for the rearing of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus in Rwanda: Effects on growth feed utilization and body composition. Aquaculture Research 38 (2):206–14. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2007.01658.x.
  • Opiyo, M. A., E. Marijani, P. Muendo, R. Odede, W. Leschen, and H. Charo-Karisa. 2018. A review of aquaculture production and health management practices of farmed fish in Kenya. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine 6 (2):141–48. doi:10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.07.001.
  • Otubusin, S. O. 1987. Effects of different levels of blood meal in pelleted feeds on tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, production in floating bamboo net-cages. Aquaculture 65 (34):263–66. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(87)90239-0.
  • Pauly, D., and D. Zeller. 2016. Catch reconstructions reveal that global marine fisheries catches are higher than reported and declining. Nature Communications 7 (1):10244–10244. doi:10.1038/ncomms10244.
  • Phillips, T. A., R. C. Summerfelt, and R. D. Clayton. 1998. Feeding frequency effects on water quality and growth of walleye fingerlings in intensive culture. The Progressive Fish-Culturist 60 (1):1–8. doi:10.1577/1548-8640(1998)060<0001:FFEOWQ>2.0.CO;2.
  • Rahman, M. M., M. C. J. Verdegem, L. A. J. Nagelkerke, M. A. Wahab, A. Milstein, and J. A. J. Verreth. 2006. Growth, production and food preference of rohu Labeo rohita (H.) in monoculture and in polyculture with common carp Cyprinus carpio (L.) under fed and non-fed ponds. Aquaculture 257 (14):359–72. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.03.020.
  • Rumsey, G. L. 1993. Fishmeal and alternative sources of proteins. Fisheries and Aquaculture Department. FAO, 18: p. 14–19.
  • Sabbagha, M., R. Schiavone, G. Brizzi, B. Sicuro, L. Zilli, and S. Vilella. 2019. Poultry by-product meal as an alternative to fish meal in the juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) diet. Aquaculture 511:734–220.
  • Sanches, L. E. F., and G. Hayashi. 2001. Effect of feeding frequency on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.) fries performance during sex reversal in hapas. Maringa 23:871–76.
  • Saoud, P., A. D. Davis, L. A. Roy, and R. P. Phelps. 2008. Evaluating the benefits of size-sorting Tilapia fry before stocking. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 17 (4):73–85. doi:10.1300/J028v17n04_05.
  • Shiau, S. Y. 2002. Tilapia, Oreochromis spp. In Nutrient requirements and feeding of finfish for aquaculture, ed. C. D. Webster and C. E. Lim, 273–92. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing.
  • Shumway, S., and Parsons, J. 2016. Scallops: Biology, ecology, aquaculture, and fisheries. 3rd edn. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Science, 1214 pp.
  • Siddiqui, A. Q., M. S. Howlader, and A. A. Adam. 1998. Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed conversion and protein utilization in fry and young Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 70 (12):63–73. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(88)90007-5.
  • Sogbesan, O. A., and A. A. A. Ugwumba. 2007. Growth performance and nutrient composition of Bufo maculata (Linneus) tadpole fed different practical diets as fish meal substitute. African Journal of Biotechnology 6 (18):2177–83. doi:10.5897/AJB2007.000-2342.
  • Spataru, P., G. W. Wohlfarth, and G. Hulata. 1983. Studies on the natural food of different fish species in intensively manured polyculture ponds. Aquaculture 35:283–98. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(83)90101-1.
  • St-Hilaire, S. C., J. K. Sheppard, S. Tomberlin, L. Irving, M. A. Newton, E. E. McGuire, R. H. Mosley, and W. Sealey. 2007. Fly Prepupae as a feedstuff for Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 38 (1):59–67. doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2006.00073.x.
  • Stevens, J. R., R. W. Newton, M. Tlusty, and D. C. Little. 2018. The rise of aquaculture by-products: Increasing food production, value, and sustainability through strategic utilisation. Marine Policy 90:115–24. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2017.12.027.
  • Suresh, V. 2003. Tilapias. In Aquaculture: Farming aquatic animals and plants. Fishing news books, ed. J. S. Lucas and P. C. Southgate, 321–45. UK: Blackwell Publishing Company.
  • Tocher, D. R. 2010. Fatty acid requirements in ontogeny of marine and freshwater fish. Aquaculture Research 41 (5):717–32. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.02150.x.
  • Tran-Duy, A., J. W. Schrama, A. A. Van Dam, and J. A. J. Verreth. 2008. Effects of oxygen concentration and body weight on maximum feed intake, growth and hematological parameters of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 275 (14):152–62. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.12.024.
  • Tung, P.-H., and S.-Y. Shiau. 1991. Effects of meal frequency on growth performance of hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus x 0. aureus, fed different carbohydrate diets. Aquaculture 92:343–50. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(91)90039-A.
  • Veverica, K. L., B. Omolo, J. Amadiva, and J. R. Bowman 2000. Aquaculture training for Kenyan fisheries officers and university students. Seventeenth annual technical report. Pond Dynamics/ Aquaculture CRSP, Oregon State University, Corvallis, pp. 167–70.
  • Vincke, M. M. J. 1987. Productive systems suited to village aquaculture in Africa. IDRC/FAO Workshop on research priorities for African aquaculture. Dakar, Senegal. 1986: 114–21.
  • Welcomme, R. L. 1988. International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p. doi: 92-5-102664-5.