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Original Articles

On the Rails of Modernity: Communalism's Journey in India

Pages 297-311 | Published online: 01 Jul 2010

  • Gandhi M.K. (1927) An Autobiography or the Story of My Experiments with Truth, Ahmedabad: Navajivan Part II, Chapter 8; Idem (1950) Satyagraha in South Africa, 2nd rev. edn., Ahmedabad: Navajivan, pp. 38-39. There are numerous editions of the autobiography: thus, in lieu of page references, I have furnished another mode of citation.
  • Gandhi, Autobiography, Part V, Chapter 5.
  • Arnold , E. 1862 . The Marquis of Dalhousie's Administration of British India Vol. 2 , 241 – 242 . London
  • Adas , M. 1989 . Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance , 226 Ithaca : Cornell University Press .
  • Rogers , W.A. 1869 . 'The Domestic Prospects of India,' . Proceedings of the Royal Colonial Institute , 1 : 112 – 113 . cited by Adas, Machines as the Measure of Men, p. 226.
  • Mark , K. 1853 . 'The Future Results of British Rule in India,' . New York Daily Tribune , August : 8
  • Gandhi, Autobiography, Part V, Chapter 21.
  • Parshuran , K. 2002 . 200 + on the Human Richter,' . Outlook , March : 5
  • Yagnik , A. 2002 . 'The Pathology of Gujarat,' . Seminar , 513 : 20
  • Alagh , Y.K. 2002 . 'The Powerhouse and its Nemesis,' . Seminar , 513 : 73 – 74 .
  • Alagh . The Powerhouse and its Nemesis' . 75
  • Babu , H. 2002 . 'The Social Engineering of Gujarat/ Himal . May
  • Parekh , B. 2002 . 'Making Sense of Gujarat,' . Seminar , 513 : 26
  • Nandy , A. 2002 . Obituary of a Culture,' . Seminar , 513 : 15
  • 2002 . Beloved Country: Reflections on the Gujarat Massacre,' . by then-IAs officer Harsh Mander , March 21 Ibid., p. 17. See especially 'Cry, the : at http://www.infochangeindia.org/features21.jsp
  • Parekh . 'Making Sense of Gujarat' . 26 – 27 .
  • Nandy . Obituary of a Culture,' . 15 – 16 . Joseph Macwan has put the matter bluntly: 'Gujarat witnessed communal riots in 1957, 1969, 1982, 1985 and 1992. During these riots the villages by and large had remained untouched by communal violence. The most disturbing aspect of the 2002 riots has been the participation of village communities in violence,' See his (2002) This "Unique" Land,' Seminar, 513: 33.
  • Mujeeb , M. 1971 . The Indian Muslims , 10 – 15 . London : George Alien & Unwin .
  • Ibid., pp. 15-16.
  • Winnicott , D.W. 1971 . Playing and Reality , 148 London : Tavistock .
  • Loewenberg , P. 2002 . “ 'Aggression in World War I: The Deepest Part of Sigmund Freud's Self-Analysis,' ” . In Conflict and Cooperation: The Individual Between Ideal and Reality , Edited by: Baechler , G. and Wenger , A. 92 Zurich : Neue Zurcher Zeitung Publishing .
  • Mathew , Biju . 2000 . 'Byte-Sized Nationalism: Mapping the Hindu Right in the United States,' . Rethinking Marxism, , 12 (3) Fall : 108 – 128 . One partial exception is , though even here the empirical data is somewhat slim.

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