Three Proposals for Retrospective, Semiquantitative Exposure Assessments and their Comparison with the other Assessment Methods

References

• Brown , S. L. 1985 . Quantitative Risk Assessment of Environmental Hazards . Am. Rev. Public Health , 6 : 247
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gibbs , G. W. and Lachane , M. 1972 . Dust Exposure in the Chrysotile Asbestos Mines and Mills of Quebec . Arch. Environ. Health , 24 : 189
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McDonald , J. C. 1971 . Mortality in the Chrysotile Asbestos Mines and Mills of Quebec . Arch. Environ. Health , 22 : 227
   Google Scholar
• Jodoin , G. 1971 . Early Effects of Asbestos Exposure on Lung Function . Am. Rev. Resp. Dis , 104 : 1045
   Google Scholar
• Lee , A. M. and Fraumeni , J. F. 1969 . Arsenic and Respiratory Cancer in Man: An Occupational Study . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 42 : 1045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lloyd , J. W. 1970 . Long-term Mortality of Steel Workers; IV . Mortality by Work Area. J. Occup. Med , 12 : 151
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Woitowitz , H. J. 1970 . Ranking Estimation of the Dust Exposure and Industrial-Medical Epidemiology . Staub-Reinhalt Luft , 30 : 15 (English translation)
   Google Scholar
• Gamble , J. F. and Spirtas , R. 1976 . Job Classification and Utilization of Complete Work Histories in Occupational Epidemiology . J. Occup. Med , 18 : 399
   Google Scholar
• Corn , M. and Esmen , N. A. 1979 . Workplace Exposure Zones for Classification of Employee Exposures to Physical and Chemical Agents . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J , 40 : 47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rushton , I. 1983 . Epidemiological Survey of Maintenance Workers in London Transport Executive Bus Garages and Chiswick Works . Br. J. Ind. Med , 40 : 340
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Checkoway , H. 1986 . Methods of Treatment of Exposure Data in Occupational Epidemiology . Med. Lav , 77 : 1 48-73
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Esmen , N. 1979 . Retrospective Industrial Hygiene Surveys . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J , 40 : 58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dement , J. M. 1983 . Exposures and Mortality Among Chrysotile Asbestos Workers . Part 1*: Exposure Estimates. Am. J. Ind. Med , 4 : 399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rice , C. 1984 . Reconstruction of Silica Exposure in the North Carolina Dusty Trades . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J , 45 : 689
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart , P. A. 1986 . Estimating Historical Exposures to Formaldehyde in a Retrospective Mortality Study . Appl. Ind. Hyg , 1 : 34
   Google Scholar
• Blair , A. 1986 . Mortality among Industrial Workers Exposed to Formaldehyde . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 76 : 1071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair , A. 1987 . Cancer of Nasopharynx and Oropharynx and Formaldehyde Exposures . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 78 : 191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoar , S. K. 1980 . An Occupation and Exposure Linkage System for the Study of Occupational Carcinogenesis . J. Occup. Med , 22 : 722
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siemiatycki , J. 1981 . Discovering Carcinogens in the Occupational Environment: A Novel Epidemiologic Approach . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 66 : 217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed , J. F. and Harcourt , A. K. 1941 . The Essentials of Occupational Diseases Baltimore, MD : Charles C. Thomas .
   Google Scholar
• Acheson , E. D. What Are Job Exposure Matrices? Job-Exposure Matrices, pp. 1-4 . Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Macaluso , M. and Vineis , P. Experience in Italy . Job-Exposure Matrices, Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. pp. 22 – 30 . Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Coggan , D. Application of a Job Exposure Matrix to Occupational Information Obtained from Death Certificates. Job-Exposure Matrices . Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. pp. 83 – 86 . Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Jensen , O. M. and Lynge , E. Job Exposure Linkage Systems for Cancer Research in Scandinavia. Job-Exposure Matrices . Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. pp. 15 – 21 . Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Coggan , D. 1984 . Use of Job Exposure Matrix in an Occupational Analysis of Lung and Bladder Cancers on the Basis of Death Certificates . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 72 : 61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Coggan , D. 1984 . Screening for New Occupational Hazards of Cancer in Young Persons . Ann. Occup. Hyg , 28 : 145
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pannett , B. 1985 . A Job Exposure Matrix for Use in Population Based Studies in England and Wales . Br. J. Ind. Med , 42 : 777
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hinds , M. W. 1985 . Application of a Job Exposure Matrix to a Case Control Study of Lung Cancer . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 75 : 193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg , R. A. and Tamburro , C. H. 1981 . Exposure Indices for Epidemiological Surveillance of Carcinogenic Agents in an Industrial Chemical Environment . J. Occup. Med , 23 : 353
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Greenberg , R. A. and Tamburro , C. H. Rank Ordered Exposure for Industrial Surveillance. Job-Exposure Matrices . Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. pp. 52 – 62 . Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Gerin , M. Translating Job Histories into Histories of Occupational Exposure for Epidemiologic Purpose. Job-Exposure Matrices . Proceedings of a conference held in April 1982 at the University of Southampton . Edited by: Acheson , E.D. pp. 78 – 82 . Southampton, , U.K. : Hobbs, The Printers of Southampton .
   Google Scholar
• Gerin , M. 1985 . Obtaining Occupational Exposure Histories in Epidemiologic Case-Control Studies . J. Occup. Med , 27 : 420
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siemiatycki , J. 1981 . “ Exposure Based Case-Control Approach to Discovering Occupational Carcinogens: Preliminary Findings. ” . In Quantification of Occupational Cancer, pp. 471-483. Banbury Report No.9 Cold Spring Harbor, NY : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories .
   Google Scholar
• Siemiatycki , J. 1982 . Preliminary Report of an Exposure-Based Case-control Monitoring System for Discovering Occupational Carcinogens . Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen , 2 : 169
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gerin , M. 1984 . “ Nickel and Cancer Associations from a Multi-cancer Occupation Exposure Case-Referent Study: Preliminary Findings. ” . In Nickel in the Human Environment pp. 105-115 Edited by: Sunderman , F. Lyon, , France : IARC .
   Google Scholar
• Siemiatycki , J. 1986 . Associations Between Several Sites of Cancer and Nine Organic Dusts; Results from an Hypothesis-Generating Case-control Study in Montreal (1979-1983) . Am. J. Epidemiol , 123 : 233
   Google Scholar
• Hoar , S. K. 1982 . Meeting Highlights—Job Exposure Matrices in Occupational Epidemiology . J. Nat. Cancer Inst , 69 ( 6 ) : 1419
   Google Scholar
• Fleiss , J. L. 1981 . Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportion, 2nd ed., pp. 212-236 New York : John Wiley & Sons Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• BMDP Statistical Software Inc. Biomedical Computer Programs , Program BMDP4F (198*-)
   Google Scholar
• SAS Institute Inc. 1985 . SAS User's Guide: Basics , : 861 – 874 . Ed 5
   Google Scholar
• Siemiatycki , J. 1988 . Association Between Smoking Habits and Levels of Workplace Exposures, Am . J. Ind. Med , 13 : 59
   Google Scholar
• Kromhout , H. 1987 . Agreement Between Qualitative Exposure Estimates and Quantitative Exposure Measurements . Am. J. Ind. Med , 12 : 551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar