The Development of a Model to Examine Source-Receptor Relationships for Visibility on the Colorado Plateau

REFERENCES

• Venkatram, A.; Karamchandani, P.; Kuntasal, G.; Misra, P.K.; Davies, D.L. “The development of the Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model (ADOM),” Environ. Pollut. 1992, 75, 189–198.
   Google Scholar
• Malm, W.C.; Sisler, J.F.; Huffman, D.; Eldred, R.A.; Cahill, T.A. “Spatial and seasonal trends in particle concentration and optical extinction in the United States,” J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99(D1), 1347–1370.
   Google Scholar
• NRC, Protecting Visibility in National Parks and Wilderness Areas, National Academy Press: Washington, D.C., 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Malm, W.C.; Iyer, H.K.; Gebhart, K. “1990. Application of tracer mass balance regression to WHITEX data”; In Visibility and Fine Particles; Mathai, C.V., Ed.; Air & Waste Management Association: Pittsburgh, PA., 1990; pp. 806–818.
   Google Scholar
• Latimer, D.A.; Hogo, H.; et al. “Modeling Regional Haze in the Southwest: A Preliminary Assessment of Source Contributions”; Systems Applications Inc.: San Rafael, CA, 1985, SYSAPP/85–038.
   Google Scholar
• Latimer, D.A.; Iyer, H.K.; Malm, W.C. “Application of a differential mass balance model to attribute sulfate haze in the Southwest.” In Visibility and Fine Particles; Mathai, C.V., Ed.; Air & Waste Management Association: Pittsburgh, PA, 1990; pp. 819–830.
   Google Scholar
• Gray, H.A.; Ligocki, M.P.; Moore, G.E.; et al. “Deterministic Modeling in the Navajo Generating Station Visibility Study”; Systems Applications International: San Rafael, CA, 1991, SYSAPP–91/004.
   Google Scholar
• Karamchandani, P.; Venkatram, A. “The role of non-precipitating clouds in producing ambient sulfate during summer: results from simulations with the Acid Deposition and Oxidant Model (ADOM),” Atmos. Environ. 1992, 26A, 1041–1052.
   Google Scholar
• Saxena P.; Seigneur, C. “A theoretical investigation of sulfate formation in clouds,” Atmos. Environ. 1988, 22, 101–115.
   Google Scholar
• Venkatram, A.; Karamchandani, P.K.; Misra, P.K. “Testing a comprehensive acid deposition model,” Atmos. Environ. 1988, 22, 737–747.
   Google Scholar
• Stern, R.; Scherer, B; Pankrath, J. “Application of a regional model for the transport and deposition of acidifying pollutants to Central Europe”; In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VI; van Dop, H., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, NY, 1988; pp. 415–430.
   Google Scholar
• Karamchandani, P.K.; Kuntasal, G.; Venkatram, A. “Results from a comprehensive acid deposition model: predictions of regional ozone concentrations”; In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VII, van Dop, H., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, NY, 1989; pp. 321–331.
   Google Scholar
• Scherer, B.; Stern, R. “Simulation of an acid deposition episode over Europe with the TADAP/ADOM Eulerian regional model”; In Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application VII; van Dop, H., Ed.; Plenum Press: New York, NY, 1989; pp. 333–349.
   Google Scholar
• Stern, R.; Scherer, B.; Schubert, S. “Modeling of photochemical oxidant formation in North-Western Europe with special emphasis on the nonlinearity issue in the SOx/NOx/VOC system,” Presented at the EMEP Workshop on the Progress of Transport Modeling of Nitrogen Compounds, Potsdam, 1990.
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson, K.W.; Davies, T.D. “Field measurements of the dry deposition of particulate sulfate,” Atmos. Environ. 1987, 21, 1561–1571.
   Google Scholar
• Smolarkiewicz, P.K.; Pudykiewicz, J.A. “A class of semi-Lagrangian approximation for fluids,” J. Atmos. Sci. 1992, 49, 2082–2096.
   Google Scholar
• Azzi, M.; Johnson, G.M.; Cope, M. “An introduction to the Generic Reaction Set photochemical smog mechanism”; In Proceedings of the 11th Int. Clean Air Conference, 4th Regional IUPPA Conference, Brisbane, Australia, 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Venkatram, A.; Karamchandani, P.; Pai, P.; Goldstein, R. “The development and application of a Simplified Ozone Modeling System (SOMS),” Atmos. Environ. 1994, 28, 3665–3678.
   Google Scholar
• Lurmann, F.W.; Lloyd, A.C.; Atkinson, R. “A chemical mechanism for use in long-range transport/acid deposition computer modeling,” J. Geophys. Res. 1986, 91, 10905–10936.
   Google Scholar
• Pandis, S.N.; Harley, R.A.; Cass, G.R.; Seinfeld, J.H. “Secondary organic aerosol formation and transport,” Atmos. Environ. 1992, 26A, 2269–2282.
   Google Scholar
• Daum, P.H.; Kelly, T.J.; Schwartz, S.E.; Newman, L. “Measurements of the chemical composition of stratiform clouds,” Atmos. Environ. 1984, 18, 2671–2684.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, J.S.; Brost, R.A.; Isaksen, I.S.A.; Madronich, S.; Middleton, P.; Stockwell, W.R.; Walcek, C.J. “A three-dimensional Eulerian acid deposition model: physical concepts and formulation,” J. Geophys. Res. 1987, 92, 14681–14700.
   Google Scholar
• “Development and Testing of Dry Deposition Algorithms,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Research Triangle Park, NC, 1993, 454/R–92–017.
   Google Scholar
• Wesely, M.L.; Cook, D.R.; Hart, R.L.; Hicks, B.B.; Durham, J.L.; Speer, R.E.; Stedman, D.H.; Tropp, R.J. “Eddy correlation measurements of the dry deposition of particulate sulfur and submicron particles”; In Precipitation Scavenging, Dry Deposition and Resuspension; Prupaccher, H.R.; Semonin, R.G.; Slinn, W.G.N., Eds.; Elsevier Science Publishing Co.: New York, NY, 1983.
   Google Scholar
• Wesely, M.L.; Cook, D.R.; Hart, R.L.; Speer, R.E. “Measurements and parameterization of particulate sulfur dry deposition over grass,” J. Geophys. Res. 1985, 90, 2131–2143.
   Google Scholar
• Holzworth, G.C. “Mixing Heights, Wind Speeds, and Potential for Urban Air Pollution Throughout the Contiguous United States,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Research Triangle Park, NC, 1972.
   Google Scholar
• Schere, K.; Wayland, E. “EPA Regional Oxidant Model (ROM 2.0). Evaluation on 1980 NEROS Data Bases,” U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: Research Triangle Park, NC, 1989, EPA-600/S3-89/057.
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, M.W. “The summertime low-level jet over the Gulf of California: Mean structure and synoptic variation”; In Preprints, 20th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology; American Meteorological Society: Boston, MA, 1993.
   Google Scholar