Effects of Grades and Other Loads on On-Road Emissions of Hydrocarbons and Carbon Monoxide

REFERENCES

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Federal Test Procedure Review Project Preliminary Technical Report, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, 420-R-93-007, May 1993,pp 75 and 154.
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, N.; Groblicki, PJ. “Real-world emissions from a modern production vehicle driven in Los Angeles,” ƒ. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.<br/>1993, 43, 1351–1357.
   Google Scholar
• St. Denis, M.J.; Cicero-Fernandez, P.; Winer, A.M.; Butler, J.W.; Jesion, G. “Effects of in-use driving conditions and vehicle/engine operating parameters on off-cycle events: comparison with federal test procedure conditions,” ƒ. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 1994, 44, 31–38.
   Google Scholar
• St. Denis, M.J.; Winer, A.M. “Prediction of on-road emissions and comparison of modeled on-road emissions to federal test procedure emissions,” Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association's Specialty Conference on The Emission Inventory: Perception and Reality, Pasadena, CA, October 18-20, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Enns, P.; German, J.; Markey, J. “EPA's survey of in-use driving patterns: implications for mobile source emission inventories,” Presented at the Air & Waste Management's Specialty Conference on The Emission Inventory: Perception and Reality, Pasadena, CA, October 18-20, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, DJ.; Carras, J.N.; Shenouda, D.A. “Traffic-generated pollution near arterial roads models and measurements,” Fourth CRC On-Road Vehicle Emission Workshop, San Diego, CA, March 16-18,1994.
   Google Scholar
• Pierson, W.R.; Gertler, A.W; Robinson, N.E; Sagabiel, J.C.; Zielinska, B.; Bishop, G.A.; Stedman, D.H.; Zweidinger, RB.; Ray, WD. “Real-world automotive emissions-summary of studies in the Fort McHenry and Tuscarora mountain tunnels,” Atmos. Environ. 1996, 30,2233–2256.
   Google Scholar
• Di Genova, E; Austin, T.; Tilden, J. “Development of an On-Board Data Acquisition System for Recording Vehicle Operating Characteristics and Emissions”; Prepared for California Air Resources Board, Sierra Research, Sacramento, January 1994; SR94-01–02.
   Google Scholar
• Bosch, Automotive Handbook, 2nd éd.; Robert Bosch GmbH: Stuttgart, 1986; pp. 256–259
   Google Scholar
• Gammariello, R.; Long, J. “An emissions comparison between the unified cycle and the federal test procedure,” Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association's Specialty Conference on The Emission Inventory: Perception and Reality, Pasadena California, October 18-20, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Spindt, R.S. “Air-fuel ratios from exhaust gas analysis,” SAE Technical Paper No. 650507 (1965).
   Google Scholar
• Cicero-Fernandez, P. “Motor vehicle episodic emissions: high loads, accelerations and grades,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Long,J. “EMFAC7F Speed Correction Factors”; California Air Resources Board, Mobile Source Division's Memorandum, February 11, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Maldonado, H.; Carlock, M; Yotter, Y.; Ahuja, M. “Air Resources Board's projects to improve mobile source emissions inventory,” Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association's Specialty Conference on The Emission Inventory: Perception and Reality, Pasadena, CA, October 18-20, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Afifi, A.A.; Clark, V Computer-Aided Multivariate Analysis, 2nd éd.; Van Nostrand Reinhold Company: New York, 1990; pp 112–116.
   Google Scholar
• Draft Air Quality Management Plan, Appendix IV-C; South Coast Air Quality Management District and Southern California Association of Governments, April 1994; pp 11-41 to 11–43.
   Google Scholar