Development and Performance of an Alternative Biofilter System

REFERENCES

• Bach, H. Schweftel in Abwasser; Gesundheits-Ingenieur; 1923, 46, 370–373.
   Google Scholar
• Devinny, J.S.; Deshusses, M.A.; Webster, T.S. Biofiltration for Air Pollution Control; Lewis Publishers: New York, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Haug, R.T. The Practical Handbook of Compost Engineering; Lewis Publishers, CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1993, pp 524–526.
   Google Scholar
• Wani, A.H.; Branion, R.M.R.; Lau, A.K. Biofiltration: A Promising and Cost-Effective Control Technology for Odors, VOCs and Air Toxics; J. Environ. Sci. Health 1997, A32 (7), 2027–2055.
   Google Scholar
• Kiared, K.; Bibeau, L.; Brzezinski, R. Biological Elimination of VOCs in Biofilter; Environ. Prog. 1996, 15 (3), 148–152.
   Google Scholar
• Karamanev, D.G.; Matteau, Y.; Ramsay, B.A. Experimental Study and Mathematical Modeling of Gaseous Toluene Biofiltration by Thermophilic Active Compost; Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1999, 77, 1037–1043.
   Google Scholar
• Saroha, A.K.; Nigam, K.D.P.; Saxena, A.K.; Dixit, L. RTD Studies in Trickle Bed Reactors Packed with Porous Particles; Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1998, 76, 738–743.
   Google Scholar
• Hardes, H.; Werner, U. Experimental and Theoretical Tests of the Mass Transfer and Destruction Processes on Technical Xylene in a Biofilter. In Biotechniques for Air Pollution Abatement and Odour Control Policies; Dragt, A.J., van Ham, J., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 1992, pp 119–124.
   Google Scholar
• Kirchner, K.; Wagnerm, S.; Rehm, H.J. Exhaust Gas Purification Using Biocatalysts (Fixed Bacteria Monocultures)—The Influence of Biofilm Diffusion Rate on the Overall Reaction Rate; Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1992, 37, 277–279.
   Google Scholar
• Shareefdeen, Z.; Baltzis, B.C. Biofiltration of Toluene Vapor Under Steady State and Transient Conditions: Theory and Experimental Results; Chem. Eng. Sci. 1994, 49 (24A), 4347–4360.
   Google Scholar
• Levenspiel, O. Chemical Reaction Engineering, 2nd ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1972, pp 253–271.
   Google Scholar
• Fogler, H.S. Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering; Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NY, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• van Groenestijn, J.W.; Hesselink, P.G.M. Biotechniques for Air Pollution Control; Biodegradation 1993, 4, 283–301.
   Google Scholar
• Peter, D.A.; Hickman, G.T.; Stefanoff, J.G.; Garcia, M.B. Laboratory Assessment of Biofiltration for Fuel-Derived VOC Emissions Control. In Proceedings of the 86th Annual Meeting of the Air and Waste Management Association; Denver, CO, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Shareefdeen, Z.; Baltzis, B.C.; Oh, Y.S.; Bartha, R. Biofiltration of Methanol Vapor; Biotechnol. Bioeng. 1993, 41, 512–524.
   Google Scholar
• Deshusses, M.A.; Hamer, G. The Removal of Volatile Ketone Mixtures from Air in Biofilters; Bioprocess Eng. 1993, 9, 141–146.
   Google Scholar
• Tang, H.M.; Hwang, S.J.; Hwang, S.C. Waste Gas Treatment in Biofilters; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 1996, 46, 349–354.
   Google Scholar
• Shoda, M. Methods for the Biological Treatment of Exhaust Gases. In Biological Degradation of Wastes; Martin, A.M., Ed.; Elsevier Applied Sciences: New York, 1991, pp 31–46.
   Google Scholar
• Lau, A.K.; Bruce, M.P.; Chase, R.J. Evaluation of the Performance of Biofilters for Composting Odor Control; J. Environ. Sci. Health 1996, A31 (9), 2247–2273.
   Google Scholar
• Pearson, C.C.; Phillips, V.R.; Green, G.; Scotford, I.M. A Minimum-Cost Biofilter for Reducing Aerial Emissions from a Broiler Chicken House. In Biotechniques for Air Pollution Abatement and Odour Control Policies; Dragt, A.J., van Ham, J., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1992, pp 245–254.
   Google Scholar
• Otten, L.; Gibson, M. The Treatment of Composting Off-Gases by Biofiltration. In Proceedings of the 4th Annual Meeting of the Composting Council of Canada; Toronto, ON, Canada, 1994, pp 315–323.
   Google Scholar
• Hodge, D.S.; Devinny, J.S. Modeling Removal of Air Contaminants by Biofiltration; J. Environ. Eng. 1995, 121, 21–32.
   Google Scholar
• Weckhuysen, B.; Vriens, I.; Verachtert, H. Biotreatment of Ammonia- and Butanal-Containing Waste Gases; Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 1994, 42, 147–152.
   Google Scholar
• Eggels, P.G. Biological Filtration of Ventilation Air Contaminated with Ammonia in the Intensive Livestock Industry; TNO report-TNO Department of Environmental Technology: Apeldoorn, The Netherlands, 1986, pp 86–140.
   Google Scholar
• Hartikainen, T.; Ruuskanen, J.; van Hatalo, M.; Martikaninen, P.J. Removal of Ammonia from Air by a Peat Biofilter; Environ. Technol. 1996, 17, 45–53.
   Google Scholar
• Don, J.A. The Rapid Development of Biofiltration for the Purification of Diversified Waste Gas Streams; VDI Berichte 1986, 561, 63–73.
   Google Scholar