Analytical Solutions to Compartmental Indoor Air Quality Models with Application to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Concentrations Measured in a House

References

• Klepeis, N.E.; Nelson, W.C.; Ott, W.R.; Robinson, J.P.; Tsang, A.M.; Switzer, P.; Behar, J.V.; Hern, S.C.; Engelmann, W.H. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): A Resource for Assessing Exposure to Environmental Pollutants; J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 2001, 11 (3), 231–252.
   Google Scholar
• Wadden, R.A.; Scheff, P.A. Indoor Air Pollution: Characterization, Prediction, and Control; Wiley & Sons: New York, 1983.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.R. Mathematical Models for Predicting Indoor Air Quality from Smoking Activity; Environ. Health Perspec. 1999, 107 (Suppl. 2), 375–381.
   Google Scholar
• McKone, T.E. Household Exposure Models; Toxicol. Lett. 1989, 49, 321–339.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkes, C.R.; Small, M.J.; Andelman, J.B.; Giardino, N.J.; Marshall, J. Inhalation Exposure Model for Volatile Chemicals from Indoor Uses of Water; Atmos. Environ. 1992, 26A (12), 2227–2236.
   Google Scholar
• Axley, J.W.; Lorenzetti, D. IAQ Modeling Using STELLA: A Tutorial Introduction; Building Technology Program; Massachusetts Institute of Technology: Boston, MA, 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Sparks, L.E.; Tichenor, B.A.; White, J.B.; Chang, J.; Jackson, M.D. Verification and Uses of the Environmental Protection Agency Indoor Air Quality Model. Presented at the 84th Annual Conference & Exhibition of A&WMA, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, June 16–21, 1991. Paper No. 91–62.12.
   Google Scholar
• Modeling of Indoor Air Quality and Exposure; Nagda, N., Ed.; American Society for Testing and Materials: West Conshohocken, PA, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.; Langan, L.; Switzer, P. A Time Series Model for Cigarette Smoking Activity Patterns: Model Validation for Carbon Monoxide and Respirable Particles in a Chamber and an Automobile; J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1992, 2 (Suppl. 2), 175–200.
   Google Scholar
• Klepeis, N.E.; Ott, W.R.; Switzer, P. A Multiple-Smoker Model for Predicting Indoor Air Quality in Public Lounges; Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996, 30 (9), 2813–2820.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.; Switzer, P.; Robinson, J. Particle Concentrations Inside a Tavern Before and After Prohibition of Smoking: Evaluating the Performance of an Indoor Air Quality Model; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 1996, 45 (12), 2–16.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, S.L.; Leiserson, K.; Nazaroff, W.W. Nonlinear Least-Squares Minimization Applied to Tracer Gas Decay for Determining Air?ow Rates in a Two-Zone Building; Indoor Air 1997, 7, 64–75.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, S.L.; Nazaroff, W.W. Environmental Tobacco Smoke Particles in Multizone Indoor Environments; Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35, 2053- 2067.
   Google Scholar
• Rodgers, L.C. Air Quality Levels in a Two-Zone Space; ASHRAE Trans. 1980, 86 (2), 92–98.
   Google Scholar
• Baughman, A.V.; Gadgil, A.J.; Nazaroff, W.W. Mixing of a Point Source Pollutant by Natural Convection Flow within a Room; Indoor Air 1994, 4, 114–122.
   Google Scholar
• Mage, D.T.; Ott, W.R. The Correction for Nonuniform Mixing in Indoor Microenvironments. In Characterizing Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects; Tichenor, B.A., Ed.; American Society for Testing and Materials; West Conshohocken, PA, 1996; pp. 263–278.
   Google Scholar
• Klepeis, N.E. Validity of the Uniform Mixing Assumption: Determining Human Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Environ. Health Perspect. 1999, 107, 357–363.
   Google Scholar
• Howard-Reed, C.; Wallace, L.A.; Ott, W.R. The Effect of Opening Windows on Air Change Rates in Two Homes; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 2002, 52, 147–159.
   Google Scholar
• Pandian, M.; Behar, J.; Ott, W.; Wallace, L.; Wilson, A.L.; Colome, S.; Koontz, M. Correcting Errors in the Nationwide Data Base of Residential Air Exchange Rates; J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1998, 8 (4), 577–586.
   Google Scholar
• Dorf, R.C.; Bishop, R.H. Introduction to Control Systems; Addison-Wesley: Reading, MA, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• D’Azzo, J.J. Linear Control System Analysis and Design: Conventional and Modern: Fourth Edition; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• D’Azzo, J.; Houpis, C.J. Feedback Control System Analysis and Synthesis; McGraw-Hill: New York, 1966.
   Google Scholar
• Franklin, G.F.; Powell, J.D.; Emani-Naeini, A. Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems: Third Edition; Addison-Wesley: Reading, MA, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Gujic, Z.; Lelic, M. Modern Control Systems Engineering; Prentice Hall: London, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Nise, N.S. Control Systems Engineering, Second Edition; Benjamin/Cummings: Redwood City, CA, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Blanchard, P.; Devaney, R.L.; Hall, G.R. Differential Equations; Brooks/Cole: Pacific Grove, CA, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Bugl, P. Differential Equations: Matrices and Models; Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards, C.H.; Penney, D.E. Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems; Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Klepeis, N.E.; Ott, W.R.; Repace, J.L. The Effect of Cigar Smoking on Indoor Levels of Carbon Monoxide and Particles; J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1999, 9, 622–635.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.; Switzer, P. Analytical Solutions to the Two-Compartment Indoor Air Quality Model by Laplace Transform Methods; Research Report, Stanford University Department of Statistics: Stanford, CA, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Langan, L. Portability in Measuring Exposure to Carbon Monoxide; J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1992, Suppl. 1, 223–239.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.R.; Vreman, H.J.; Switzer, P.; Stevenson, D.K. Evaluation of Electrochemical Monitors for Measuring Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in Indoor, In-Transit, and Outdoor Microenvironments. In Measurement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants, Proceedings of the U.S. EPA/A&WM International Symposium, Research Triangle Park, NC; A&WMA: Pittsburgh, PA, 1995; pp 172–177.
   Google Scholar
• Rosanno, A.J.; Owens, D.F. Design Procedures to Control Cigarette Smoke and Other Air Pollutants; ASHRAE Trans. 1969, 75, 93–102.
   Google Scholar
• Ott, W.R.; Wilson, N.K.; Klepeis, N.E.; Switzer, P. Real-Time Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Respirable Suspended Particles from Environmental Tobacco Smoke in a Home. In Measurement of Toxic and Related Air Pollutants, Proceedings of the U.S. EPA/A&WM International Symposium, Durham, NC; EPA/600/R-94/136; A&WMA: Pittsburgh, PA, 1994; pp 887–892.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, N.K.; Barbour, R.K.; Chuang, J.C.; Mukund, R. Evaluation of a Real-Time Monitor for Fine Particle-Bound PAH in Air; Polycyclic Aromatic Cmpnd. 1994, 5, 167–174.
   Google Scholar
• Long, C.M.; Suh, H.H.; Koutrakis, P. Characterization of Indoor Particle Sources Using Continuous Mass and Size Monitors; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 2000, 50, 1236–1250.
   Google Scholar