Evaluation of Sample Recovery of Malodorous Livestock Gases from Air Sampling Bags, Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers, Tenax TA Sorbent Tubes, and Sampling Canisters

References

• McGarvey, L. J.; Shorten, C.V. The Effects of Adsorption on the Reusability of Tedlar Air Sampling Bags; Am. Ind. Hygienist Assoc. J. 2000, 61, 375–380.
   Google Scholar
• van Harreveld, A. Ph. Odor Concentration Decay and Stability in Gas Sampling Bags; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 2003, 53, 51–60.
   Google Scholar
• Keener, K.M.; Zhang, J.; Bottcher, R.W.; Munilla, R.D.. Evaluation of Thermal Desorption for the Measurement of Artificial Swine Odorants in the Vapor Phase; Trans. ASAE. 2002, 45, 1579–1584.
   Google Scholar
• Nagata, Y. 2003. Measurement of Odor Threshold by Triangle Odor Bag Method. Report to the Japan’s Ministry of the Environment. Available at http://www.env.go.jp/en/lar/odor_measure/02_3_2.pdf (accessed December 27, 2004).
   Google Scholar
• Wright, D.W.; Eaton, D.K.; Nielsen, L.T.; Kurth, F.W.; Koziel, J.A.; Spinhirne, J.P.; Parker, D.B. Multidimensional Gas Chromatography– Olfactometry for Identification and Prioritization of Malodors from Confined Animal Feeding Operations. In the Proceedings of the 2004 ASAE/CSAE Annual International Meeting, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, August 2004; ASAE Paper 044128.
   Google Scholar
• Spinhirne, J.P.; Koziel, J.A. Generation and Calibration of Standard gas Mixtures for Volatile Fatty Acids Using Permeation Tubes and Solid-Phase Microextraction; Trans. ASAE. 2003, 46, 1639–1646.
   Google Scholar
• Koziel, J.A.; Spinhirne, J.P.; Baek, B-H.; Parker, D.B. Measurements of Volatile Fatty Acids Flux from Cattle Pens. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the A&WMA, Indianapolis, IN, June, 2004. Paper 04-A–646.
   Google Scholar
• Devos, M.; Patte, F.; Rouault, J.; Laffort, P.; Van Gemert, L.J. Standardized Human Olfactory Thresholds. IRL Press at Oxford University Press: New York, 1990.
   Google Scholar
• McGinn, S.M.; Janzen, H.H.; Coates, T. Atmospheric Ammonia, Volatile Fatty Acids, and Other Odorants Near Beef Feedlots; J. Environ. Qual. 2003, 32, 1173–1182.
   Google Scholar
• Zahn, J.A.; Hatfield, J.L.; Do, Y.S.; Spirito, A.A.; Laird, D.A.; Pfeiffer, R.L. Characterization of Volatile Organic Emissions and Wastes From Swine Production Facility; J. Environ. Qual. 1997, 26, 1687.
   Google Scholar
• Koziel, J.A.; Pawliszyn, J. Air Sampling and Analysis of VOCs with Solid Phase Microextraction; J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc. 2001, 51, 173–184.
   Google Scholar
• Spinhirne, J.; Koziel, J.; Parker, D.; Williams, D.; Cole, N.; Sweeten, J. Screening for VFAs in Agricultural Air Using Solid Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. In the Proceedings of the 2002 ASAE Annual International Meeting, Sacramento, CA, July/ August 2002; Paper No. 024163.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, D.; Rhoades, M.; Koziel, J.; Spinhirne, J. Background Odors in Tedlar Bags Used for CAFO Odor Sampling. In the Proceedings of the 2003 ASAE Annual International Meeting, Las Vegas, NV, July/August 2003; Paper No. 034144.
   Google Scholar
• Typical Properties of Tedlar SP Polyvinyl Fluoride Film; DuPont; 2004. Available at http://www.dupont.com/tedlar/techdata/pdf/h51252–2. pdf (accessed on June 12, 2004).
   Google Scholar
• Stationary Source Emissions Part 3: Determination of Odour Concentration by Dynamic Olfactometry; AS NZS 4323.3; Standards Australia International: Sydney, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Air Quality—Determination of Odour Concentration by Dynamic Olfactometry; Committee European de Normalisation: Brussels, Belgium, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Galvin, G.; Casey, K.D.; McGahan, E.J.; Lowe, S.A.; Atzeni, M.G. Effect of Season and Loading Rate on Odour Emission from Piggery Anaerobic Lagoons in Australia. In the Proceedings of the 2002 ASAE Annual International Meeting / CIGR XVth World Congress, Chicago, IL, August 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Kelley T.J.; Holden, M.W. Applicability of Canisters for Sample Storage in the Determination of Hazardous Air Pollutants; Atmos. Environ. 1995, 29, 2595–2608.
   Google Scholar
• NIST 98 MS Library: Database in Saturn and NIST Format. Search Program Version 1.7 [CD-ROM]. Publication No. 03–914808-00 Rev. 2. Varian Instruments: Walnut Creek, CA, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Jia, M.; Koziel, J.A.; Pawliszyn, J. Fast Field Sampling/Sample Preparation and Quantification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor air by Solid Phase Microextraction and Portable GC; Field Anal. Chem. Technol. 2000, 4, 73–84.
   Google Scholar
• Koziel, J.A.; Jia, M.; J. Pawliszyn, J. Air Sampling With Porous Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers; Anal. Chem. 2000, 72, 5178–5186.
   Google Scholar
• The Bag Mini-Diluter Alternative to CVS Sampling Technical Report. Attachment J: Properties and Manufacture of Tedlar Polyvinyl Fluoride Film. United States Council for Automotive Research: Southfield, MI; 2003. Available at: http://www.uscar.org/consortia&teams/ERC/BMDreport. htm (accessed on March 13, 2003).
   Google Scholar
• Vapor Transmission Rates of Teflon® FEP Film, 25 [H9262]m (1 mil) Thickness/ per ASTM E-96 (modified). DuPont; 2004. Available at http://www. dupont.com/teflon/coatings/typical_props.html (accessed on June 12, 2004).
   Google Scholar
• Lestremau, F.; Desauziers, V.; Roux, J.C.; Fanlo, J.L. Development of a Quantification Method for the Analysis of Malodorous Sulphur Compounds in Gaseous Industrial Effluents by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection; J. Chrom. A. 2003, 999, 71–80.
   Google Scholar
• Haberhauer-Troyer, C.; Rosenberg, E.; Grasserbauer, M. Evaluation of Solid-Phase Microextraction for Sampling of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds in Air for Subsequent gas Chromatographic Analysis with Atomic Emission Detection; J. Chrom. A. 1999, 848, 305–315.
   Google Scholar