Investigation of the Ultraviolet Photolysis Method for the Determination of Organic Nitrogen in Aerosol Samples

References

• Paerl, H.W. Nuisance Phytoplankton Blooms in Coastal, Estuarine, and Inland Waters; Limnol. Oceanogr. 1988, 33, 823-847.
   Google Scholar
• Mulholland, M.R.; Boneillo, G.; Minor, E.C. A Comparison of N and C Uptake during Brown Tide (Aureococcus anophagefferens) Blooms from Two Coastal Bays on the East Coast of the USA; Harmful Algae, 2004, 3, 361-376.
   Google Scholar
• Poor, N.; Pribble, R.; Greening, H. Direct Wet and Dry Deposition of Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Ammonium and Nitrate to the Tampa Bay Estuary, FL; Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35, 3947-3955.
   Google Scholar
• Whitall, D.; Hendrickson, B.; Paerl, H. Importance of Atmospherically Deposited Nitrogen to the Annual Nitrogen Budget of the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina; Environ. Internat. 2003, 29, 393-399.
   Google Scholar
• Milne, P. J.; Zika, R.G. Amino-Acid Nitrogen in Atmospheric Aerosols—Occurrence, Sources and Photochemical Modification; J. Atmos. Chem. 1993, 16, 361-398.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q.; Anastasio, C. Conversion of Fogwater and Aerosol Organic Nitrogen to Ammonium, Nitrate, and NOx during Exposure to Simulated Sunlight and Ozone; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 3522-3530.
   Google Scholar
• Van Neste, A.; Duce, R.A.; Lee, C. Methylamines in the Marine Atmosphere; Geophys. Res. Lett. 1987, 14, 711-714.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q.; Anastasio, C. Chemistry of Fog Waters in California’s Central Valley—Part 3: Concentrations and Speciation of Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen; Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35, 5629-5643.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q.; Anastasio, C.; Jimemez-Cruz, M. Water-Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Atmospheric Fine Particles (PM2.5) from Northern California; J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2002, 107(D11), 4112, DOI 10.1029/2001JD000870.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q.; Anastasio, C. Free and Combined Amino Compounds in Atmospheric Fine Particles (PM2.5) and Fog Waters from Northern California; Atmos. Environ. 2003, 37, 2247-2258.
   Google Scholar
• Spitzy, A.; Spitzy, A.; Michaelis, W.; Kempe, S.; Ittekkot, V. (Eds.). Facets of Modern Biogeochemistry. Springer-Verlag: New York, 1990; p 433.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S.E.; Jickells, T.D.; Thornton, C.A. Urea in Rainwater and Atmospheric Aerosol; Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32, 1903-1910.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, S.M.; Sweet, C.W.; Depinto, J.V.; Hornbuckle, K.C. Atrazine and Nutrients in Precipitation: Results from the Lake Michigan Mass Balance Study; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34, 55-61.
   Google Scholar
• Leuenberger, C.; Ligocki, M.P.; Pankow, J.F. Trace Organic-Compounds in Rain. 4. Identities, Concentrations, and Scavenging Mechanisms for Phenols in Urban Air and Rain; Environ. Sci. Technol. 1985, 19, 1053-1058.
   Google Scholar
• Hauff, K.; Fischer, R.G.; Ballschmiter, K. Determination of C-1-C-5 Alkyl Nitrates in Rain, Snow, White Frost, Lake, and Tap Water by a Combined Codistillation Head-Space Gas Chromatography Technique. Determination of Henry’s Law Constants by Head-Space GC; Chemosphere 1998, 37, 2599-2615.
   Google Scholar
• Scudlark, J.R.; Russell, K.M.; Galloway, J.N.; Church, T.M.; Keene, W.C. Organic Nitrogen in Precipitation at the Mid-Atlantic US Coast— Methods Evaluation and Preliminary Measurements; Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32, 1719-1728.
   Google Scholar
• Scheller, E. Amino Acids in Dew—Origin and Seasonal Variation; Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35, 2179-2192.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S.E.; Jickells, T.D.; Cape, J.N.; Rowland, A.P.; Duce, R.A. Organic Nitrogen Deposition on Land and Coastal Environments: A Review of Methods and Data; Atmos. Environ. 2003, 37, 2173-2191.
   Google Scholar
• Mace, K.A.; Artaxo, P.; Duce, R.A. Water-Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Amazon Basin Aerosols during the Dry (Biomass Burning) and Wet Seasons; J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2003, 108(D16), 4512, DOI 10.1029/2003JD003557.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S.; Rendell, A.; Jickells, T. Atmospheric Inputs of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen to the Oceans; Nature, 1995, 376, 243-246.
   Google Scholar
• Bronk, D.A.; Lomas, M.W.; Glibert, P.M.; Schukert, K.J.; Sanderson, M.P. Total Dissolved Nitrogen Analysis: Comparisons between the Persulfate, UV and High Temperature Oxidation Methods; Mar. Chem. 2000, 69, 163-178.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S.E.; Jickells, T.D. Water-Soluble Organic Nitrogen in Atmospheric Aerosol: A Comparison of UV and Persulfate Oxidation Methods; Atmos. Environ. 1999, 33, 833-840.
   Google Scholar
• Gustafsson, L. Interferences in the Determination of Total Nitrogen in Natural Waters by Photo-Oxidation to Nitrate-Nitrite Mixture; Talanta. 1984, 31, 979-986.
   Google Scholar
• Mace, K.A.; Duce, R.A. On the Use of UV Photo-Oxidation for the Determination of Total Nitrogen in Rainwater and Water-Extracted Atmospheric Aerosol; Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36, 5937-5946.
   Google Scholar
• Walsh, T.W. Total Dissolved Nitrogen in Seawater—a New High-Temperature Combustion Method and a Comparison with Photo-Oxidation; Mar. Chem. 1989, 26, 295-311.
   Google Scholar
• Rey, M.A. High-Capacity Cation-Exchange Column for Enhanced Resolution of Adjacent Peaks of Cations in Ion Chromatography; J. Chrom. A. 2001, 920, 61-68.
   Google Scholar
• Carrillo, J. H.; Hastings, M.G.; Sigman, D.M.; Huebert, B.J. Atmospheric Deposition of Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen and Base Cations in Hawaii. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle, 2002, 16, 24–1–24-16.
   Google Scholar
• Arakaki, T.; Miyake, T.; Hirakawa, T.; Sakugawa, H. pH Dependent Photoformation of Hydroxyl Radical and Absorbance of Aqueous-Phase n(iii) (HNO2 and no2-); Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33, 2561-2565.
   Google Scholar
• Golimowski, J.; Golimowska, K. UV-Photooxidation as Pretreatment Step in Inorganic Analysis of Environmental Samples; Anal. Chim. Acta. 1996, 325, 111-133.
   Google Scholar
• Roig, B.; Gonzalez, C.; Thomas, O. Measurement of Dissolved Total Nitrogen in Wastewater by UV Photooxidation with Peroxodisulphate; Anal. Chim. Acta. 1999, 389, 267-274.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, S.; Mace, K.; Coeppicus, S.; Duce, R.; Huebert, B.; Jickells, T.; Zhuang, L.Z. Organic Nitrogen in Hawaiian Rain and Aerosol; J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2001, 106, 7973-7983.
   Google Scholar
• Mace, K.A.; Duce, R.A.; Tindale, N.W. Organic Nitrogen in Rain and Aerosol at Cape Grim, Tasmania, Australia. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2003, 108, 4338, DOI 10.1029/2002JD003051.
   Google Scholar
• Timperley, M.H.; Vigorbrown, R.J.; Kawashima, M.; Ishigami, M. Organic Nitrogen-Compounds in Atmospheric Precipitation—Their Chemistry and Availability to Phytoplankton; Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1985, 42, 1171-1177.
   Google Scholar
• Mace, K.A.; Kubilay, N.; Duce, R.A. Organic Nitrogen in Rain and Aerosol in the Eastern Mediterranean Atmosphere: an Association with Atmospheric Dust. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2003, 108, 4320, DOI 10.1029/2002JD002997.
   Google Scholar
• Gorzelska, K.; Galloway, J.N.; Watterson, J.; Keene, W.C. Water-Soluble Primary Amine Compounds in Rural Continental Precipitation; Atmos. Environ. 1992, 6, 1005-1018.
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong, F.A.J.; Williams, P.M.; Strickland, J.D.H. Photo-Oxidation of Organic Matter in Sea Water by Ultra-Violet Radiation, Analytical and Other Applications; Nature, 1966, 211, 481-484.
   Google Scholar
• Buffam, I.; McGlathery, K.J. Effect of Ultraviolet Light on Dissolved Nitrogen Transformations in Coastal Lagoon Water; Limnol. Oceanogr. 2003, 48, 723-734.
   Google Scholar
• Goeyens, L.; Kindermans, N.; Abu Yusuf, M.; Elskens, M. A Room Temperature Procedure for the Manual Determination of Urea in Seawater; Est. Coast. Shelf Sci. 1998, 47, 415-418.
   Google Scholar
• Hassan, S.M.; Salem, F.B.; Elsalam, N.A. Colorimetric Determination of Urea in Potable Water Using Diacetyldioxime and Different Oxidizing-Agents; J. Indian Chem. Soc. 1995, 72, 73-75.
   Google Scholar
• Anastasio, C.; McGregor, K.G. Photodestruction of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Species in Fog Waters; Aerosol. Sci. Technol. 2000, 32, 106-119.
   Google Scholar
• Anastasio, C.; McGregor, K.G. Chemistry of Fog Waters in California’s Central Valley: 1. In Situ Photoformation of Hydroxyl Radical and Singlet Molecular Oxygen; Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35, 1079-1089.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, P.; Leitner, N.K.V.; Dore, M.; Legube, B. Ozone and Hydroxyl Radicals Induced Oxidation of Glycine; Water Res. 1999, 33, 433-441.
   Google Scholar
• Karpel Vel Leitner, N.; Berger, P.; Legube, B. Oxidation of Amino Groups by Hydroxyl Radicals in Relation to Oxidation Degree of the α-Carbon; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36, 3083-3089.
   Google Scholar
• Tarr, M.A.; Wang, W.W.; Bianchi, T.S.; Engelhaupt, E. Mechanisms of Ammonia and Amino Acid Photoproduction from Aquatic Humic and Colloidal Matter; Water Res. 2001, 35, 3688-3696.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, G.S.; Hsieh, S.T.; Hong, C.S. Destruction of Humic Acid in Water by UV Light—Catalyzed Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide; Water Res. 2000, 34, 3882-3887.
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, S.W.; Evans, M.C.; Poor, N.D. Predictions of Size-Resolved Aerosol Concentrations of Ammonium, Chloride and Nitrate at a Bayside Site Using EQUISOLV ii; Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36, 4299-4307.
   Google Scholar
• Calderón, S.M.; Poor, N.; Campbell, S.W. Analysis of Particle Formation Processes through the Effect of Meteorological Conditions on Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Concentrations in Atmospheric Aerosols. Presented at the 86th Americal Meteorological Society Annual Meeting, 8th Conference on Atmospheric Chemistry. Americal Meteorological Society (AMS), Atlanta, GA, 2006; Paper 105312.
   Google Scholar
• Calderón, S.M.; Poor, N.D.; Campbell, S.W. Estimation of the Particle and Gas Scavenging Contributions to Wet Deposition of Organic Nitrogen; Atmos. Environ., in press.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, W. T.; Westerhoff, P. Dissolved Organic Nitrogen Measurement Using Dialysis Pretreatment; Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 879-884.
   Google Scholar
• Ambonguilat, S.; Gallard, H.; Garron, A.; Epron, F.; Philippe Croue, J. Evaluation of the Catalytic Reduction of Nitrate for the Determination of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Natural Waters. Water Res. 2006, 40, 675-682.
   Google Scholar