353
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Factors Promoting Entrepreneurship in European Countries: Unemployment, Taxes, and Education

REFERENCES

  • Acs, Z.J., & Audretsch, D.B. ( Editors). (2010). Handbook of entrepreneurship research. An interdisciplinary survey and introduction ()2nd ed.. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Alesina, A., & Rodrik, D. (1994). Distribution policies and economic growth?. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109, 465–490. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307/2118470
  • Audretsch, D.B., Carree, M.A., & Thurik, A.R. (2001) Does entrepreneurship reduce unemployment? Discussion Paper, TI 2001–074/3. Tinbergen Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Audretsch, D.B., Keilbach, M.C., & Lehmann, E.E. (2006). Entrepreneurship and economic growth, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Audretsch, D.B., & Thurik, A.R. (2000). Capitalism and democracy in the 21st century: From the managed to the entrepreneurial economy. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 10, 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s001910050003
  • Auerbach, A.J., Hassett, K.A., & Oliner, S.D. (1994). Reassessing the social returns to equipment investment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109, 789–802. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307/2118422
  • Barro, R.J. (1991). Economic growth in a cross section of countries. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2), 407–443. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307/2937943
  • Bartel, A., & Lichtenberg, F. (1987). The comparative advantage of educated workers in implementing new technology: Some empirical evidence. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 69(1), 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2307/1937894
  • Bjuggren, C.M., Johansson, D., & Stenkula, M. (2010). Using Self-employment as Proxy for Entrepreneurship: Some Empirical Caveats, IFN Working Paper, 845. http://www.ifn.se/wfiles/wp/wp845.pdf
  • Blanchflower, D.G. (2000). Self-employment in OECD countries. Labour Economics, 7, 471–505. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0927-5371(00)00011-7
  • Braunerhjelm, P. (2010). Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Growth – past experience, current knowledge and policy implications, CESIS Electronic Working Paper Series, April, 224.
  • Bruce, D. (2000). Effects of the United States tax system on transitions into self-employment. Labour Economics, 7(5), 545–574. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0927-5371(00)00013-0
  • Bruce, D. (2002). Taxes and entrepreneurial endurance: Evidence from the self-employed. National Tax Journal, 55(1), 5–24.
  • Cagetti, M., & De Nardi, M. (2006). Entrepreneurship, frictions, and wealth. Journal of Political Economy, 114(5), 835–870. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1086/508032
  • Carree, M.A., & Thurik, A.R. (2010). The impact of entrepreneurship on economic growth. In Z.J. Acs & D.B. Audretsch (Eds.), (2010). Handbook of entrepreneurship research. An interdisciplinary survey and introduction ()2nd ed.. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Carree, M., van Stel, A., Thurik, R., & Wennekers, S. (2002). Economic development and business ownership: An analysis using data of 23 OECD countries in the period 1976–1996. Small Business Economics, 19, 271–290. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1019604426387
  • Carree, M., van Stel, A., Thurik, R., & Wennekers, S. (2007). The relationship between economic development and business ownership revisited. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19, 281–291. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1080/08985620701296318
  • Cullen, J.B., & Gordon, R.H. (2002). Taxes and entrepreneurial activity: Theory and evidence for the U.S., NBER Working Paper, 9015.
  • Djankov, S., Ganser, T., McLiesh, C., Ramalho, R., & Shleifer, A. (2010). The effect of corporate taxes on investment and entrepreneurship. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, 2 (3), 31–64.
  • Doms, M., Lewis, E., & Robb, A. (2010). Local labor force education, new business characteristics, and firm performance. Journal of Urban Economics, 67, 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jue.2009.10.002
  • Engelbrecht, H.J. (2003). Human capital and economic growth: Cross-section evidence for OECD countries, Economic Record, 79, Special Issue, June, 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/. 10.1111/1475-4932.00090
  • Eurostat (2012). Taxation trends in the European Union – Data for the EU Member States, Iceland and Norway ().2012 ed. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/resources/documents/taxation/gen_info/economic_analysis/tax_structures/2012/report.pdf
  • Eurostat (2013). Taxation trends in the European Union – Data for the EU Member States, Iceland and Norway ().2013 ed. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/resources/documents/taxation/gen_info/economic_analysis/tax_structures/2013/report.pdf
  • Eurostat (2014). Statistics by theme. Retrieved from . http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database.
  • Evans, D., & Leighton, L. (1989). Some empirical aspects of entrepreneurship. American Economic Review, 79(3), 519–535.
  • Faggio, G., & Silva, O. (2012). Does self-employment measure entrepreneurship? Evidence from Great Britain, SERC Discussion Papers, 109.
  • Hamilton, B.H. (2000). Does entrepreneurship pay? An empirical analysis of the returns to self-employment. Journal of Political Economy, 108(3), 604–631. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1086/262131
  • Hansson, Å. (2012). Tax policy and entrepreneurship: Empirical evidence from Sweden. Small Business Economics, 38, 495–513. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s11187-010-9282-7
  • Highfield, R., & Smiley, R. (1987). New business starts and economic activity: An empirical investigation. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 5(1), 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/0167-7187(87)90006-3
  • Holcombe, R.G. (1998). Entrepreneurship and economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics, 1(2), 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s12113-998-1008-1
  • Hurst, E., & Pugsley, B. (2010). Non pecuniary benefits of small business ownership, Working Paper, University of Chicago.
  • Kitao, S. (2008). Entrepreneurship, taxation and capital investment. Review of Economic Dynamics 11(1), 44–69. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.red.2007.05.002
  • Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G.G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking It to performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), 135–172.
  • Madsen, J.B. (2002). The causality between investment and economic growth, Economics Letters, January, 74(2), 157–163. http://dx.doi.org/. 10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00549-3
  • McMillan, J., & Woodruff, C. (2002). The Central role of entrepreneurs in transition economies. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(3), 153–170. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1257/089533002760278767
  • Minniti, M. (2012). El emprendimiento y el crecimiento económico de las naciones. Economía Industrial, 383, 23–30.
  • Minniti, M., & Lévesque, M. (2010). Entrepreneurial types and economic growth. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(3), 305–314. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.002
  • Moore, K. (2003). The Effects of the 1986 and 1993 tax reforms on self-employment. Proceedings of the Ninety-Fifth Annual Conference on Taxation, National Tax Association, pp. 323–332.
  • Nissan, E., Galindo Martín, M.Á., & Méndez Picazo, M.T. (2011). Relationship between organizations, institutions, entrepreneurship and economic growth process. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7, 311–324. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s11365-011-0191-2
  • Paulson, A., Townsend, R., & Karaivanov, A. (2006). Distinguishing limited liability from moral hazard in a model of entrepreneurship. Journal of Political Economy, 114(1), 100–144. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1086/498917
  • Remeikiene, R., & Startiene, G. (2009). Does the interaction between entrepreneurship and unemployment exist?. Economics and Management, 14, 903–911.
  • Reynolds, P., Miller, B., & Maki, W.R. (1995). Explaining regional variation in business Births and deaths: U.S. 1976–1988. Small Business Economics, 7(5), 389–707. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/BF01302739
  • Saint-Paul, G., & Verdier, T. (1993). Education, democracy and growth. Journal of Development Economics, 42(2), 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/0304-3878(93)90027-K
  • Sanandaji, T. (2011). Self-employment does not measure entrepreneurship, Essays in Entrepreneurship Policy, Doctoral Dissertation in Public Policy. Chicago, IL: Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, University of Chicago. 164 pp. http://www.ifn.se/BinaryLoader.axd?OwnerID=49472c35-a2ae-44ab-993c-d1b31996ae40&OwnerType=0&PropertyName=File1&FileName=dissertation.pdf&Attachment=True.
  • Schuetze, H., & Bruce, D. (2004). Tax policy and entrepreneurship. Swedish Economic Policy Review, 2(11), 233–265.
  • Schumpeter, J.A. (1934). The theory of economic development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Van der Sluis, J., van Praag, M., & Vijverberg, W. (2008). Education and entrepreneurship selection and performance: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Economic Surveys, 22(5), 795–841. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1467-6419.2008.00550.x
  • Van der Sluis, J., van Praag, M., & van Witteloostuijn, A. (2007). Why are the returns to education higher for entrepreneurs than for employees? IZA Discussion Paper, 3058.
  • Wennekers, S., & Thurik, R. (1999). Linking entrepreneurship and economic growth. Small Business Economics, 13(1), 27–55. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1023/A:1008063200484
  • Wozniak, A. (2010). Are college graduates more responsive to distant labor market opportunities?. Journal of Human Resources, 45(4), 944–970. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1353/jhr.2010.0030

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.