Face Threatening and Face Supportive Communication in Postdivorce Relational Turning Points

REFERENCES

• Ahrons , C. R. 1980 . Redefining the divorced family: A conceptual framework . Social Work , 25 : 437 – 441 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrons , C. R. 2007 . Family ties after divorce: Long-term implications for children . Family Processes , 46 : 53 – 65 . doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2006.00191.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahrons , C. R. and Wallisch , L. S. 1987 . “ The relationship between former spouses ” . In Intimate relationships , Edited by: Perlman , D. and Duck , S. 269 – 296 . Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Amato , P. R. 2000 . The consequences of divorce for adults and children . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 62 : 1269 – 1287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amato , P. R. 2010 . Research on divorce: Continuing trends and new developments . Journal of Marriage and the Family , 72 : 650 – 666 . doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber , B. L. and Demo , D. H. 2006 . “ The kids are alright (at least, most of them): Links between divorce and dissolution and child well-being ” . In Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution , Edited by: Fine , M. A. and Harvey , J. H. 435 – 456 . New York , NY : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Baxter , L. A. 1984 . Trajectories of relationship disengagement . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 1 : 29 – 48 . doi: 10.1177/0265407584011003
   Google Scholar
• Baxter , L. A. 1986 . Gender differences in the heterosexual relationship rules embedded in break-up accounts . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 3 : 289 – 306 . doi: 10.1177/0265407586033003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baxter , L. A. and Bullis , C. 1986 . Turning points in developing romantic relationships . Human Communication Research , 12 : 469 – 493 . doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2958.1986.tb00088.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein , A. C. 2007 . Re-visioning, restructuring, and reconciliation: Clinical practice with complex postdivorce families . Family Process , 46 : 67 – 78 . doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2006.00192.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyatzis , R. E. 1998 . Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Burgoon , J. K. and Hale , J. L. 1988 . Nonverbal expectancy violations: Model elaboration and application to immediacy behaviors . Communication Monographs , 55 : 58 – 79 . doi: 10.1080/03637758809376158
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burleson , B. R. 1995 . Personal relationships as a skilled accomplishment . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 12 : 575 – 581 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burleson , B. R. 2009 . Understanding the outcomes of supportive communication: A dual-process approach . Journal of Social & Personal Relationships , 26 : 21 – 38 . doi: 10.1177/0265407509105519
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busboom , A. L. , Collins , D. M. , Givertz , M. D. and Levin , L. A. 2002 . Can we still be friends? Resources and barriers to friendship quality after romantic relationship dissolution . Personal Relationships , 9 : 215 – 223 . doi: 10.1111/1475-6811.00014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiriboga , D. A. , Coho , A. , Stein , J. A. and Roberts , J. 1979 . Divorce, stress, and social supports: A study in helpseeking behavior . Family Processes , 3 : 121 – 135 .
   Google Scholar
• Craig , R. T. , Tracy , K. and Spisak , F. 1986 . The discourse of requests: Assessment of a politeness approach . Human Communication Research , 12 : 437 – 468 . doi: 10.1111/j.14682958.1986.tb00087.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cupach , W. R. and Carson , C. L. 2002 . Characteristics and consequences of interpersonal complaints associated with perceived face threat . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 19 : 443 – 462 . doi: 10.1177/0265407502019004047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cupach , W. R. and Metts , S. 1994 . Facework , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Dailey , R. M. , Pfiester , A. , Borae , J. , Beck , G. and Clark , G. 2009 . On-again/off-again dating relationships: How are they different from other dating relationships? . Personal Relationships , 16 : 23 – 47 . doi: 0.1111/j.1475-6811.2009.01208.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duck , S. 1982 . “ A topography of relationship disengagement and dissolution ” . In Personal relationships 4: Dissolving personal relationships (pp. 1–30) , Edited by: Duck , S. New York , NY : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Feldman , H. 1981 . A comparison of intentional parents and intentionally childless couples . Journal of Marriage & Family , 43 : 593 – 601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francis , L. E. 1997 . Ideology and interpersonal emotion management: Redefining identity in two support groups . Social Psychology Quarterly , 60 : 153 – 171 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisby , B. N. , Booth-Butterfield , M. , Dillow , M. R. , Martin , M. M. and Weber , K. 2012 . Face and resilience in divorce: The impact on emotions, stress, and post-divorce relationships . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 29 : 715 – 735 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frisby , B. N. , Byrnes , K. , Mansson , D. H. , Booth-Butterfield , M. and Birmingham , M. K. 2011 . Topic avoidance, everyday talk, and stress in romantic military and non-military couples . Communication Studies , 62 : 241 – 257 . doi: 10.1080/10510974.2011.553982
   Google Scholar
• Ganong , L. H. , Coleman , M. , Markham , M. and Rothrauff , T. 2012 . Predicting postdivorce coparental communication . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 52 : 1 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• Goffman , E. 1967 . Interaction ritual , Garden City , NY : Anchor Books .
   Google Scholar
• Goldsmith , D. J. and MacGeorge , E. L. 2000 . The impact of politeness and relationship on perceived quality of advice about a problem . Human Communication Research , 26 : 234 – 264 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith , J. 1980 . Relationships between former spouses: Descriptive findings . Journal of Divorce , 4 : 1 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , E. E. 1997 . Turning points and commitment in post-divorce relationships . Communication Monographs , 64 : 350 – 368 . doi: 10.1080/03637759709376428
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackney , G. R. and Ribordy , S. C. 1980 . An empirical investigation of emotional reactions to divorce . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 36 : 105 – 110 . doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198001)36:1<105::AID-JCLP2270360107>3.0.CO;2-C
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey , J. H. and Fine , M. A. 2006 . “ Social construction of accounts in the process of relationship termination ” . In Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution , Edited by: Fine , M. A. and Harvey , J. H. 189 – 200 . New York , NY : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Hetherington , E. M. and Kelly , J. 2002 . For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered , New York , NY : Norton .
   Google Scholar
• Holtgraves , T. 1997 . Yes, but … Positive politeness in conversation arguments . Journal of Language and Social Psychology , 16 : 222 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holtgraves , T. 2001 . “ Politeness ” . In The new handbook of language and social psychology (pp. 341–356) , Edited by: Robinson , W. P. and Giles , H. West Sussex , UK : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Kellas , J. K. , Bean , D. , Cunningham , C. and Cheng , K. Y. 2008 . The ex-files: Trajectories, turning points, and adjustment in the development of post-dissolutional relationships . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 25 : 23 – 50 . doi: 10.1177/0265407507086804
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerssen-Griep , J. , Trees , A. R. and Hess , J. A. 2008 . Attentive facework during instructional feedback: Key to perceiving mentorship and an optimal learning environment . Communication Education , 57 : 312 – 332 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knox , D. and Corte , U. 2007 . “Work it out/see a counselor”: Advice from spouses in the separation process . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 48 : 79 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Lannutti , P. J. and Cameron , K. A. 2002 . Beyond the breakup: Heterosexual and homosexual post-dissolutional relationships . Communication Quarterly , 50 : 153 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , J. M. , Wallerstein , J. S. and Johnson-Reitz , L. 2004 . “ Communication in divorced and single-parent families ” . In Handbook of family communication , Edited by: Vangelisti , A. L. 197 – 214 . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• MacGeorge , E. L. , Feng , B. , Butler , G. L. and Budarz , S. K. 2004 . Understanding advice in supportive interactions beyond the facework and message evaluation paradigm . Human Communication Research , 30 : 42 – 70 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malcore , S. A. , Windell , J. , Seyuin , M. and Hill , E. 2010 . Predictors of continued conflict after divorce or separation: Evidence from a high-conflict group treatment program . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 51 : 50 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , A. E. 2009 . Face concerns and facework strategies in maintaining postdivorce coparenting and dating relationships . Southern Communication Journal , 74 : 157 – 173 . doi: 10.1080/10417940802516842
   Google Scholar
• Moore , E. 2012 . Renegotiating roles postdivorce: A decisive break from tradition? . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 53 : 402 – 419 .
   Google Scholar
• Oetzel , J. , Myers , K. K. , Meares , M. and Lara , E. 2003 . Interpersonal conflict in organizations: Explaining conflict styles via face-negotiation theory . Communication Research Reports , 20 : 106 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Owen , W. F. 1984 . Interpretive themes in relational communication . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 70 : 274 – 287 . doi: 10.1080/00335638409383697
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perilloux , C. and Buss , D. M. 2008 . Breaking up romantic relationships: Costs experienced and coping strategies deployed . Evolutionary Psychology , 6 : 164 – 181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson , P. N. E. , Sabo , M. and Wickel , K. 2011 . Internal working models of attachment and postdivorce coparent relationships . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 52 : 187 – 201 .
   Google Scholar
• Rye , M. S. , Fleri , A. M. , Moore , C. D. , Worthington , E. L. , Wade , N. G. , Sandage , S. J. and Crook , K. M. 2012 . Evaluation of an intervention designed to help divorce parents forgive their ex-spouse . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 53 : 231 – 245 .
   Google Scholar
• Strauss , A. and Corbin , J. 1998 . Basics of qualitative research , 2nd , Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Symoens , S. , Bastaits , K. , Mortelmans , D. and Piet , B. 2013 . Breaking up, breaking hearts? Characteristics of the divorce process and well-being after divorce . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 54 : 177 – 196 .
   Google Scholar
• Tashiro , T. and Frazier , P. 2003 . “I'll never be in a relationship like that again”: Personal growth following romantic relationship breakups . Personal Relationships , 10 : 113 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , R. J. 2005 . Treating your divorced ex-spouse with C.A.R.E.: A model for post-divorce communication . Journal of Divorce & Remarriage , 43 : 157 – 163 .
   Google Scholar
• Vaux , A. , Riedel , S. and Stewart , D. 1987 . Modes of social support: The Social Support Behaviors (SS–B) scale . American Journal of Community Psychology , 15 : 209 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber , A. L. 1998 . “ Losing, leaving, and letting go: Coping with nonmarital breakups ” . In The dark side of close relationships , Edited by: Spitzberg , B. H. and Cupach , W. R. 267 – 306 . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Weiss , R. S. 1975 . Marital separation , New York , NY : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Wineberg , H. 1994 . Marital reconciliation in the United States: Which couples are successful? . Journal of Marriage & Family , 56 : 80 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , S. L. 2010 . Positive perceptions of hurtful communication: The packaging matters . Communication Research Reports , 27 : 49 – 57 . doi: 10.1080/0882409093526562
   Google Scholar
• Young , S. L. , Paxman , C. G. , Koehring , C. L. and Anderson , C. A. 2008 . The application of a facework model of disengagement to unrequited love . Communication Research Reports , 25 : 56 – 66 . doi: 10.1080/08824090701831800
   Google Scholar