Public Opinion About Visitability Mandates in the United States: Favorable but Divisible*

References

• AARP. (2010). AARP Loneliness Among Older Adults Survey, May, 2010 [survey question]. USAARP.10LONE.R39. Knowledge Networks [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL[distributor], Retrieved December 18, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Alonso, F. (2002). The benefits of building barrier-free: A contingent valuation of accessibility as an attribute of housing. European Journal of Housing Policy, 2(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616710110120577
   Google Scholar
• Ansolabehere, S., Schaffner, B., & Luks, S. (2021). Guide to the 2020 Cooperative Election Study. Retrieved August 30, 2021, from https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi%3A10 .7910/DVN/E9N6PH
   Google Scholar
• AP-NORC (The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research). (2021). Long-term Care In America: Americans Want to Age at Home. https://apnorc.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/LTC_Report_AgingatHome_final.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Batavia, A. I. (2002). Consumer direction, consumer choice, and the future of long-term care. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 13(2), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/10442073020130020201
   Google Scholar
• Bayer, A., & Harper, L. (2000). Fixing to stay: A national survey of housing and home modification issues. AARP. https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/research/surveys_statistics/general/fixing-to-stay.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2018). A manifesto for the age-friendly movement: Developing a new urban agenda. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 30(2), 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1430414
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burns, N. (2004). Negotiating difference: Disabled people’s experiences of housebuilders. Housing Studies, 19(5), 765–780. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267303042000249198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, A. L. (2012). Policy makes mass politics. Annual Review of Political Science, 15(1), 333–351. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-012610-135202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan, S., & Ellen, I. G. (2017). Housing for an aging population. Housing Policy Debate, 27(2), 167–192. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2016.1184696
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chattopadhyay, J. (2018). Is the Affordable Care Act cultivating a cross-class constituency? Income, partisanship, and a proposal for tracing the contingent nature of positive policy feedback effects. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 43(1), 19–67. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-4249805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007). A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00331.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham, G. O., & Michael, Y. L. (2004). Concepts guiding the study of the impact of the built environment on physical activity for older adults: A review of the literature. American Journal of Health Promotion, 18(6), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-18.6.435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport, T. C. (2015). Policy-inducted risk and responsive participation: The effect of a son’s conscription risk on the voting behavior of his parents. American Journal of Political Science, 59(1), 225–241. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12117
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Democracy Corps. (2007). Democracy Corps Poll, May, [survey question]. USGREEN.07DCJUL.R029. Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved December 14, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• DeSante, C. D. (2013). Working twice as hard to get half as far: Race, work ethic, and America’s deserving poor. American Journal of Political Science, 57(2), 342–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goerres, A., & Tepe, M. (2010). Age-based self-interest, intergenerational solidarity and the welfare state: A comparative analysis of older people’s attitudes towards public childcare in 12 OECD countries. European Journal of Political Research, 49(6), 818–851. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01920.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gollust, S. E., & Lynch, J. (2011). Who deserves health care? The effects of causal attributions and group cues on public attitudes about responsibility for health care costs. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 36(6), 1061–1095. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-1460578
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grogan, C. M. (2008). The medicalization of long-term care: Weighing the risks. In C. M. Mara & L. K. Olson (Eds.), Handbook of long-term care administration and policy (pp. 47–69). CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Grogan, C. M., & Park, S. E. (2017). The politics of Medicaid: Most Americans are connected to the program, support its expansion, and do not view it as stigmatizing. The Milbank Quarterly, 95(4), 749–782. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grogan, C. M., & Park, S. E. (2018). Medicaid retrenchment politics: Fragmented or unified? Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 30(3–4), 372–399. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1462675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grogan, C. M., & Patashnik, E. M. (2003). Universalism within targeting: Nursing home care, the middle class, and the politics of the Medicaid program. Social Service Review, 77(1), 51–71. https://doi.org/10.1086/345704
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guzman, S., Viveiros, J., & Salomon, E. (2017). Expanding implementation of universal design and visitability features in the housing stock. AARP Public Policy Institute. https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/ppi/2017/06/expanding-implementation-of-universal-design-and-visitability-features-in-the-housing-stock.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Harrison, M. (2004). Defining housing quality and environment: Disability, standards and social factors. Housing Studies, 19(5), 691–708. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267303042000249152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvard School of Public Health, Alliance for Aging Research. Harvard School of Public Health/Alliance for Aging Research Four-Country Comparative Effectiveness Decision-making and Patient Access Survey, Jun, (2011). [survey question]. USICR.11DECIS.R26. Social Science Research Solutions/ICR-International Communications Research [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved January 23, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Henry, J. Kaiser Family Foundation/Los Angeles Times. Kaiser Family Foundation/Los Angeles Times Employer Sponsored Health Insurance Survey, Sep, 2018 [survey question]. 31116370.00130. National Opinion Research Center [NORC] [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved February 1, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Henry, J. Kaiser Family Foundation/Washington Post. The Washington Post-Kaiser Family Foundation Survey of Puerto Rico Residents, Jul, 2018 [survey question]. 31115633.00105. Social Science Research Solutions (SSRS) [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved February 1, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Herbert, C., & Molinsky, J. H. (2019). What can be done to better support older adults to age successfully in their homes and communities? Health Affairs, 38(5), 860–864. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heywood, F. (2005). Adaptation: Altering the house to restore the home. Housing Studies, 20(4), 531–547. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673030500114409
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huddy, L., Jones, J. M., & Chard, R. E. (2001). Compassionate politics: Support for old-age programs among the non-elderly. Political Psychology, 22(3), 443–471. https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudson, R. B., & Gonyea, J. G. (2014). The shifting political construction of older Americans as a target population. In Robert B. Hudson (ed), The new politics of old age policy (3rd ed., pp. 99–116), Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Imrie, R. (2003). Housing quality and the provision of accessible homes. Housing Studies, 18(3), 387–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673030304240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs, L. R. (2014). The contested politics of public value. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 480–494. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12170
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. (2021). Housing accessibility for seniors with mobility and grasping disabilities: Lessons from the American Housing Survey. Housing Studies, 36(5), 758–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2020.1729963
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingdon, J. (2002). Agendas, alternatives, and public policies (2nd ed.). Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Kochera, A. (2002). In brief: Accessibility and visitability features in single-family homes: A review of state and local activity. AARP Public Policy Institute. INB Number 48. https://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/il/2002_03_homes.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kose, S. (2010). How can the exploding senior population be accommodated? Japanese struggle towards inclusive design. Journal of Engineering Design, 21(2–3), 165–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/09544820903310683
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreitzer, R. J., & Smith, C. W. (2018). Reproducible and replicable: An empirical assessment of the social construction of politically relevant target groups. Political Science & Politics, 51(4), 768–774. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096518000987
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lau, D. T., Scandrett, K. G., Jarzebowski, M., Holman, K., & Emanuel, L. (2007). Health-related safety: A framework to address barriers to aging in place. The Gerontologist, 47(6), 830–837. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/47.6.830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S. Y., & Yoo, S. E. (2019). Willingness to pay for accessible elderly housing in Korea. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 24(1), 70–82. https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2019.11095
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehning, A. J. (2012). City governments and aging in place: Community design, transportation and housing innovation adoption. The Gerontologist, 52(3), 345–356. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnr089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leland, S., Chattopadhyay, J., Maestas, C., & Piatak, J. (2021). Policy venue preference and relative trust in government in federal systems. Governance, 34(2), 373–393. https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitsky, S. R. (2014). Caring for our own: Why there is no political demand for new American social welfare rights. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lien, L. L., Steggell, C. D., Slaug, B., & Iwarsson, S. (2016). Assessment and analysis of housing accessibility: Adapting the environmental component of the housing enabler to United States applications. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 31(3), 565–580. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43907401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, J., & Gollust, S. E. (2010). Playing fair: Fairness beliefs and health policy preferences in the United States. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 35(6), 849–887. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-2010-032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maisel, J. L. (2006). Toward inclusive housing and neighborhood design: A look at visitability. Community Development, 37(3), 26–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/15575330.2006.10383105
   Google Scholar
• Maisel, J. L., Smith, E., & Steinfeld, E. (2008). Increasing home access: Designing for visitability. AARP Public Policy Institute. https://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/il/2008_14_access.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Miller, E. A., Nadash, P., Gusmano, M. K., Simpson, E., & Ronneberg, C. R. (2018). The state of aging policy and politics in the Trump era. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 30(3–4), 193–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1481314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milner, J., & Madigan, R. (2004). Regulation and innovation: Rethinking ‘inclusive’ housing design. Housing Studies, 19(5), 727–744. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267303042000249170
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberlander, J. (2003). The political life of Medicare. University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2022). Neighborhood and built environment. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and-data/browse-objectives/neighborhood-and-built-environment
   Google Scholar
• Page, B. I. (1994). Democratic responsiveness? Untangling the links between public opinion and policy. Political Science and Politics, 27(1), 25–29. https://doi.org/10.2307/420453
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patashnik, E. M., & Zelizer, J. E. (2013). The struggle to remake politics: Liberal reform and the limits of policy feedback in the contemporary American state. Perspectives on Politics, 11(4), 1071–1087. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592713002831
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, C. F., Quinn, C. C., Loganathan, S., Datta, A. R., Mace, B. B., & Grabowski, D. C. (2019). The forgotten middle: Many middle-income seniors will have insufficient resources for housing and health care. Health Affairs, 38(5), https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2018.05233
   Google Scholar
• Pew Internet & American Life Project. Pew Internet & American Life Project Poll. (2012). [survey question]. USPSRA.110812I.RC05. Princeton Survey Research Associates International [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved January 23, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Pynoos, J., & Nishita, C. M. (2005). The changing face of senior housing. In R. B. Hudson (ed.), The New politics of old age policy (1st ed., pp. 244–262), The Johns Hopkins University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pynoos, J., & Nishita, C. M. (2006). The elderly and a right to housing. In R. G. Bratt, M. E. Stone, & C. Hartman (eds.), A right to housing: Foundation for a New Social Agenda (pp. 279–295), Temple University Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1bw1kqb.18
   Google Scholar
• Reinhard, S. C., Feinberg, L. F., Houser, A., Choula, R., & Evans, M. (2019). Valuing the invaluable: 2019 update. Charting a path forward. AARP Public Policy Institute. https://www.aarp.org/ppi/info-2015/valuing-the-invaluable-2015-update.html
   Google Scholar
• Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Johns Hopkins University, Partnership for Solutions. (2000). Chronic Illness and Caregiving Survey, Mar, [survey question]. USHARRIS.01CILL.R0700. Harris Interactive [producer]. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, iPOLL [distributor], Retrieved December 18, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, H. P., Laugesen, M. J., & Watts, C. A. (2010). A randomized experiment of issue framing and voter support of tax increases for health insurance expansion. Health Policy, 98(2–3), 245–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.06.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe, J. W, & The Research Network on an Aging Society. (2019). Challenges for middle-income elders in an aging society. Health Affairs, 38(5), 865–867. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00095
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rueda, D. (2018). Food comes first, then morals: Redistribution preferences, parochial altruism, and immigration in western Europe. The Journal of Politics, 80(1), 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1086/694201
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saugeres, L. (2011). (Un)accommodating disabilities: Housing, marginalization and dependency in Australia. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 26(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-010-9201-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaffner, B., Ansolabehere, S., & Luks, S. (2021). Cooperative election study common content, 2020. Harvard Dataverse, V1. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/E9N6PH.
   Google Scholar
• Schnakenberg, K. E., & Penn, E. M. (2014). Scoring from contests. Political Analysis, 22(1), 86–114. https://doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpt018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, A. L., & Ingram, H. M. (2005). Deserving and entitled: Social constructions and public policy. State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sears, D. O., & Funk, C. L. (1990). The limited effect of economic self-interest on the political attitudes of the mass public. Journal of Behavioral Economics, 19(3), 247–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-5720(90)90030-B
   Google Scholar
• Semeah, L. M., Ahrentzen, S., Cowper-Ripley, D. C., Santos-Roman, L. M., Beamish, J. O., & Farley, K. (2019). Rental housing needs and barriers from the perspective of veterans with disabilities. Housing Policy Debate, 29(4), 542–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2018.1543203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semeah, L. M., Ahrentzen, S., Jia, H., Cowper-Ripley, D. C., Levy, C. E., & Mann, W. C. (2017). The home improvements and structural alterations benefits program: Veterans with disabilities and home accessibility. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 28(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207317696275
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skocpol, T. (1992). Protecting soldiers and mothers: The political origins of social policy in the United States. Belknap.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, S. K., Rayer, S., & Smith, E. A. (2008). Aging and disability: Implications for the housing industry and housing policy in the United States. Journal of the American Planning Association, 74(3), 289–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360802197132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, S. K., Rayer, S., Smith, E., Wang, Z., & Zeng, Y. (2012). Population aging, disability and housing accessibility: Implications for sub-national areas in the United States. Housing Studies, 27(2), 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2012.649468
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soss, S., & Schram, S. F. (2007). A public transformed? Welfare reform as policy feedback. American Political Science Review, 101(1), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055407070049
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinfeld, E., & Maisel, J. L. (2012). Universal design: Creating inclusive environments. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Stone, R. I. (2018). The housing challenges of low-income older adults and the role of federal policy. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 30(3–4), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2018.1462679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Street, D., & Cossman, J. S. (2006). Greatest generation or greedy geezers? Social spending preferences and the elderly. Social Problems, 53(1), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2006.53.1.75
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szanton, S. L., Leff, B., Wolff, J. L., Roberts, L., & Gitlin, L. N. (2016). Home-based care program reduces disability and promotes aging in place. Health Affairs, 35(9), 1558–1563. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabbarah, M., Mihelic, A., & Crimmins, E. M. (2001). Disability: The demographics of physical functioning and home environments of older Americans. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 18(3), 183–193. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43031036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thamer, M., Hwang, W., & Anderson, G. F. (2002). Public support for policies that would help people with chronic conditions. Health Affairs, 21(4), 264–270. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.21.4.264
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas, P. (2004). The experience of disabled people as customers in the owner occupation market. Housing Studies, 19(5), 781–794. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267303042000249206
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tompson, T., Benz, J., Agiesta, J., Junius, D., Nguygen, K., Lowell, K. (2013). Long-term care: Perceptions, Experiences, and Attitudes among Americans 40 or Older. The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. https://www.longtermcarepoll.org/project/long-term-care-perceptions-experiences-and-attitudes-among-americans-40-or-older/
   Google Scholar
• Winter, N. G. (2006). Beyond welfare: Framing and the racialization of white opinion on Social Security. American Journal of Political Science, 50(2), 400–420. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00191.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, C. J., Zeeman, H., & Whitty, J. A. (2017). Design principles in housing for people with complex physical and cognitive disability: Towards an integrated framework for practice. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 32(2), 339–360. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-016-9517-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar