267
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Conservative Sample Size Estimation in Nonparametrics

Pages 24-41 | Received 27 May 2009, Accepted 31 Oct 2009, Published online: 29 Dec 2010

REFERENCES

  • Arcones , M. A. , Giné , E. ( 1992 ). On the bootstrap of U and V statistics . Annals of Statistics 4 : 655 – 674 .
  • Bloch , D. A. , Lai , T. L. , Taubert-Bitter , P. ( 2001 ). One-sided tests in clinical trials with multiple endpoints . Biometrics 57 : 1039 – 1047 .
  • Browne , R. H. ( 1995 ). On the use of a pilot sample for sample size determination . Statistics in Medicine 14 : 1933 – 40 .
  • Chow , S. C. , Shao , J. , Wang , H. ( 2003 ). Sample Size Calculation in Clinical Research . Boca Raton : CRC Press .
  • Chuang-Stein , C. ( 2006 ). Sample size and the probability of a successful trial . Pharmaceutical Statistics 5 : 305 – 309 .
  • Chuang-Stein , C. , Stryszak , P. , Dmitrienko , A. , Offen , W. ( 2007 ). Challenge of multiple co-primary endpoints: a new approach . Statistics in Medicine 26 : 1181 – 1192 .
  • Efron , B. , Tibshirani , R. J. ( 1993 ). An Introduction to the Bootstrap . New York : Chapman & Hall .
  • Fay , M. P. , Halloran , M. E. , Follmann , D. A. ( 2007 ). Accounting for variability in sample size estimation with applications to nonadherence and estimation of variance and effect size . Biometrics 63 : 465 – 474 .
  • Freiman , J. A. , Chalmers , T. C. , Smith , H. , Kuebler , R. R. ( 1978 ). The importance of beta, the type II error, and sample size in the design and interpretation of the randomized controlled trial: survey of 71 “negative” trials . New England Journal of Medicine 299 : 690 – 694 .
  • International Conference on Harmonization . ( 1998 ). Guidance on statistical principles for clinical trials . Federal Register 63 ( 179 ): 49583 – 49598 .
  • Lehmann , E. L. (1975). Nonparametrics: Statistical Methods Based on Ranks . San Francisco : Holden Day.
  • Munzel , U. , Hauschke , D. ( 2003 ). A nonparametric test for proving noninferiority in clinical trials with ordered categorical data . Pharmaceutical Statistics 2 : 31 – 37 .
  • Newcombe , R. G. ( 2006a ). Confidence intervals for an effect size measure based on the Mann-Whitney statistic. Part 1: General issues and tail-area-based methods . Statistics in Medicine 25 : 543 – 557 .
  • Newcombe , R. G. ( 2006b ). Confidence intervals for an effect size measure based on the Mann-Whitney statistic. Part 2: Asymptotic methods and evaluation . Statistics in Medicine 25 : 559 – 573 .
  • Noether , G. E. ( 1987 ). Sample size determination for some common non-parametric tests . JASA 82 : 645 – 647 .
  • Rosner , B. ( 2005 ). Fundamentals of Biostatistics. , 6th ed. Boston : Duxbury Press .
  • Serfling , R. J. ( 1980 ). Approximation Theorems of Mathematical Statistics . New York : Wiley .
  • Spiegelhalter , D. J. , Fredeman , L. S. ( 1986 ). A predictive approach to selecting the size of a clinical trial, based on subjective clinical opinion . Statistics in Medicine 5 : 1 – 13 .
  • Vickers , A. J. ( 2003 ). Underpowering in randomized trials reporting a sample size calculation . Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 56 : 717 – 720 .
  • Wang , H. , Chen , B. , Chow , S. C. ( 2003 ). Sample size determination based on rank tests in clinical trials . Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics 13 : 735 – 751 .
  • Wang , S. J. , Hung , H. M. J. , O'Neill , R. T. ( 2006 ). Adapting the sample size planning of a phase III trial based on phase II data . Pharmaceutical Statistics 5 : 85 – 97 .
  • Zhao , Y. D. , Rahardja , D. , Qu , Y. ( 2007 ). Sample size calculation for the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test adjusting for ties . Statistics in Medicine 27 : 462 – 468 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.