975
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Resource Investments and Loyalty to Recreational Sport Tourism Event

, &
Pages 565-578 | Received 30 Apr 2010, Accepted 17 May 2010, Published online: 15 Sep 2010

REFERENCES

  • Anderson , J. C. and Gerbing , D. W. 1988 . Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach . Psychological Bulletin , 103 : 411 – 423 .
  • Backman , S. J. 1991 . An investigation of the relationship between activity loyalty and perceived constraints . Journal of Leisure Research , 23 ( 4 ) : 332 – 344 .
  • Backman , S. J. and Shinew , K. J. 1994 . The composition of source and activity loyalty within a public agency's golf operation . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 12 ( 3 ) : 1 – 18 .
  • Backman , S. J. and Veldkamp , C. 1995 . Examination of the relationship between service quality and user loyalty . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 13 ( 2 ) : 29 – 41 .
  • Bagozzi , R. P. 1975 . Marketing as exchange . Journal of Marketing , 39 : 32 – 39 .
  • Bee , C. C. and Kahle , L. R. 2006 . Relationship marketing in sports: A functional approach . Sport Marketing Quarterly , 15 : 102 – 110 .
  • Bentler , P. M. and Chou , C. 1987 . Practical issues in structural modeling . Sociological Methods & Research , 16 ( 1 ) : 78 – 117 .
  • Berg , J. H. and McQuinn , R. D. 1986 . Attraction and exchange in continuing and noncontinuing dating relationships . Journal and Personality and Social Psychology , 50 ( 5 ) : 942 – 952 .
  • Bissell , J. 1996 . Loyalty is more that just a coupon in the mail . Brandweek , 43 ( 47 ) : 17
  • Brinberg , D. and Castell , P. 1982 . A resource exchange theory approach to interpersonal interactions: A test of Foa's theory . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 43 ( 2 ) : 260 – 269 .
  • Campbell , T. T. , Nicholson , J. D. and Kitchen , P. J. 2006 . The importance of social bonding and loyalty: An empirical investigation within U.K. private health clubs . Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Marketing , 14 ( 1 ) : 49 – 73 .
  • Chen , P. 2006 . Sport tourists' loyalty: A conceptual model . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 11 ( 3 ) : 201 – 237 .
  • Claussen , C. L. , Ko , Y. J. and Rinehart , R. E. 2008 . Cultural diversity: An alternative approach to understanding sport participation consumer behavior . The SMAR Journal , 4 ( 2 ) : 58 – 71 .
  • Coakley , J. 2007 . Sports in society: Issues and controversies , 9th , New York : McGraw-Hill .
  • Czepiel , J. and Gilmore , R. 1987 . “ Exploring the concept of loyalty in services ” . In The service challenge: Integrating for competitive advantage , Edited by: Congram , C. , Czepiel , J. A. and Shanahan , J. Chicago : American Marketing Association .
  • Dick , A. S. and Basu , K. 1994 . Customer loyalty: Toward an integrated conceptual framework . Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , 22 ( 2 ) : 99 – 113 .
  • Dimanche , F. and Havitz , M. E. 1994 . Customer behavior and tourism: Review and extension of four study areas . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 3 ( 3 ) : 37 – 57 .
  • Doherty , A. J. and Chelladurai , P. 1999 . Managing cultural diversity in sport organizations: A theoretical perspective . Journal of Sport Management , 13 : 280 – 297 .
  • Doi , T. 1971 . The anatomy of dependence , Tokyo : Kodansha International .
  • Dorsch , M. J. and Carlson , L. 1996 . A transaction approach to understanding and managing customer equity . Journal of Business Research , 35 : 253 – 264 .
  • Foa , U. G. and Foa , E. B. 1974 . Societal structures of the mind , Springfield, IL : Charles C. Thomas .
  • Foa , E. B. and Foa , U. G. 1980 . “ Resource theory: Interpersonal behavior as exchange ” . In Social exchange: Advances in theory and research , Edited by: Gergen , K. J. , Greenberg , M. S. and Willis , R. H. New York : Plenum Press .
  • Fournier , S. 1998 . Consumers and their brands: Developing relationship theory in consumer research . Journal of Consumer Research , 24 : 343 – 373 .
  • Getz , D. 1997 . Event management & event tourism , Elmsford, NY : Congnizant Communication Corporation .
  • Gibson , H. 1998 . Sport tourism: A critical analysis of research . Sport Management Review , 1 : 45 – 76 .
  • Gibson , H. 2004 . Moving beyond the “what is and who” of sport tourism to understanding why . Journal of Sport Tourism , 9 ( 3 ) : 247 – 265 .
  • Gillett , P. and Kelly , S. 2006 . ‘Non-local’ masters games participants: An investigation of competitive active sport tourist motives . Journal of Sport & Tourism , 11 ( 3–4 ) : 239 – 257 .
  • Gudykunst , W. B. and Nishida , T. 1994 . Bridging Japanese/North American differences , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
  • Guneen , J. and Parks , J. 1997 . Should we serve sport management practice or sport management education? A response to Weese's perspective . Journal of Sport Management , 11 : 125 – 132 .
  • Hair , J. F. , Black , W. C. , Babin , B. J. , Anderson , R. E. and Tatham , R. L. 2006 . Multivariate data analysis , 6th , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Harada , M. 1994 . Towards a renaissance of leisure in Japan . Leisure Studies , 13 ( 4 ) : 277 – 287 .
  • Hatcher , L. 1994 . A step-by sep approach to using the SAS system for factor analysis and structural equation modeling , Cary, NC : SAS Institute .
  • Hinch , T. and Higham , J. 2005 . Sport, tourism and authenticity . European Sport Management Quarterly , 5 : 243 – 256 .
  • Hofstede , G. 2001 . Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across naions , 2nd , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
  • Houston , F. S. and Gassenheimer , J. B. 1987 . Marketing and exchange . Journal of Marketing , 51 : 3 – 18 .
  • Howard , D. R. , Edginton , C. R. and Selin , S. W. 1988 . Determinants of program loyalty . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 6 : 41 – 51 .
  • Iwasaki , Y. and Havitz , M. E. 1998 . A path analytic model of the relationship between involvement, psychological commitment, and loyalty . Journal of Leisure Research , 30 ( 2 ) : 256 – 280 .
  • Japan Tourism Agency. (2010). Tourism nation promotion basic plan http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/en/kankorikkoku/kihonkeikaku.html (http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/en/kankorikkoku/kihonkeikaku.html) (Accessed: 9 July 2010 ).
  • Kawashima , Y. 2000 . Conceptions of culture and person for psychology . Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology , 31 ( 1 ) : 14 – 32 .
  • Keown , C. F. 1989 . A model of tourist's propensity to buy: The case of Japanese visitors to Hawaii . Journal of Travel Research , 28 ( 3 ) : 31 – 34 .
  • Kim , K. 2008 . Analysis of structural equation model for the student pleasure travel market: Motivation, involvement, satisfaction, and destination loyalty . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 24 ( 4 ) : 297 – 313 .
  • Kline , R. B. 1998 . Principal and practice of structural equation modeling , New York : The Guilford Press .
  • Lake Saroma 100-Km Ultramarathon Executive Committee . 2010 . Data of event participants Unpublished report
  • Lee , K. and Zhao , J. 2003 . Japanese travelers' service preferences in U.S. hotels . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 14 ( 2 ) : 67 – 85 .
  • Li , X. and Petrick , F. J. 2008a . Examining the antecedents of brand loyalty from an investment model perspective . Journal of Travel Research , 47 ( 1 ) : 25 – 34 .
  • Li , X. and Petrick , F. J. 2008b . Reexamining the dimensionality of brand loyalty: A case of the cruise industry . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 25 ( 1 ) : 68 – 85 .
  • Markus , H. R. and Kitayama , S. 1991 . Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation . Psychological Review , 98 ( 2 ) : 224 – 253 .
  • Matsuoka , H. 2006 . “ International comparison with sport management research ” . In The foundation of sport management , Edited by: Yamashita , S. , Nakanishi , J. , Hata , O. and Tomita , Y. Tokyo : Taishukan Shoten in Japanese .
  • Mattila , A. S. 2001 . Emotional bonding and restaurant loyalty . Cornel Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly , 42 ( 6 ) : 73 – 79 .
  • Mayfield , T. L. and Crompton , J. L. 1995 . The status of the marketing concept among festival organizers . Journal of Travel Research , 33 ( 4 ) : 14 – 22 .
  • Miller , A. R. and Grazer , W. F. 2003 . Complaint behavior as a factor in cruise line losses: An analysis of brand loyalty . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 15 ( 1 ) : 77 – 91 .
  • Moeran , B. 1983 . The language of Japanese tourism . Annals of Tourism Research , 10 : 93 – 108 .
  • Morais , D. B. , Dorsch , M. J. and Backman , S. J. 2004 . Can tourism providers buy their customers' loyalty? Examining the influence of customer-provider investments on loyalty . Journal of Travel Research , 42 ( 3 ) : 235 – 243 .
  • Morais , D. B. , Dorsch , M. J. and Backman , S. J. 2005 . Building loyal relationships between customers and providers: A focus on resource investments . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 18 ( 1 ) : 49 – 58 .
  • Morais , D. B. , Kerstetter , D. , Lin , Y. S. and Mowen , A. 2006 . Resource investment made between customers and provider: A study of teenagers' loyalty to a summer camp . Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing , 21 ( 1 ) : 1 – 12 .
  • Morais , D. B. , Kerstetter , D. and Yarnal , C. 2006 . The love triangle: Loyal relationships among providers, customers, and their friends . Journal of Travel Research , 44 : 379 – 386 .
  • O'Boyle , J. 1983 . Telemarketing turns customer's service into a profit center . Telemarketing , 2 : 12 – 15 .
  • Okayasu , I. , Nogawa , H. and Morais , B. D. 2009 . Operationalization of the resource investments construct of recreational sport event . Event Management , 12 ( 3–4 ) : 209 – 223 .
  • Oliver , R. L. 1999 . Whence consumer loyalty? . Journal of Marketing , 63 ( 4 ) : 33 – 44 .
  • Park , S. 1996 . Relationship between involvement and attitudinal loyalty constructs in adults fitness programs . Journal of Leisure Research , 28 ( 4 ) : 233 – 250 .
  • Park , S. and Kim , Y. 2000 . Conceptualizing and measuring the attitudinal loyalty construct in recreational sport contexts . Journal of Sport Management , 14 : 197 – 207 .
  • Petrick , J. F. 2004 . First timers' and repeaters perceived value . Journal of Travel Research , 43 ( 1 ) : 29 – 38 .
  • Pizam , A. and Jeong , G. H. 1996 . Cross-cultural tourist behavior: Perceptions of Korean tours-guides . Tourism Management , 17 ( 4 ) : 277 – 286 .
  • Pizam , A. and Sussmann , S. 1995 . Does nationality affect tourists behavior . Annals of Tourism Research , 22 ( 4 ) : 901 – 917 .
  • Pritchard , M. P. , Havitz , M. E. and Howard , D. R. 1999 . Analyzing the commitment-loyalty link in service contexts . Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science , 27 ( 3 ) : 333 – 348 .
  • Pritchard , M. P. , Howard , D. R. and Havitz , M. E. 1992 . Loyalty measurement: A critical examination and theoretical extension . Leisure Sciences , 14 : 155 – 164 .
  • Reichheld , F. F. and Sasser , W. E. 1990 . Zero defections: Quality comes to service . Harvard Business Review , 68 ( 5 ) : 105 – 111 .
  • Reisinger , Y. and Turner , L. W. 2002 . Cultural differences between Asian tourist markets and Australian hosts, Part 1 . Journal of Travel Research , 40 : 295 – 315 .
  • Reisinger , Y. and Waryszak , R. Z. 1994 . Japanese tourists' perception of their tour guide: Australian experience . Journal of vacation marketing , 1 : 28 – 40 . 1
  • Searle , M. S. 1991 . Propositions for testing social exchange theory in the context of ceasing leisure participation . Leisure Sciences , 13 ( 4 ) : 279 – 294 .
  • Selin , S. W. , Howard , D. R. , Udd , E. and Cable , T. T. 1988 . An analysis of consumer loyalty to municipal recreation programs . Leisure Sciences , 10 : 217 – 223 .
  • Sheldon , P. and Fox , M. 1988 . The role of foodservice in vacation choice and experience: A cross-cultural analysis . Journal of Travel Research , 27 ( 3 ) : 9 – 15 .
  • Shimanto River Ultramarathon Executive Committee . 2010 . Data of event participants Unpublished report
  • Stangl , W. 1993 . Personality and the structure of resource preferences . Journal of Economic Psychology , 14 : 1 – 15 .
  • Sussmann , S. and Rashcovsky , C. 1997 . A cross-cultural analysis of English and French Canadians' vacation travel patterns . International Journal of Hospitality Management , 16 ( 2 ) : 191 – 207 .
  • Tsuji , Y. , Bennett , G. and Zhang , J. 2007 . Consumer satisfaction with an action sports event . Sport Marketing Quarterly , 16 ( 4 ) : 199 – 208 .
  • Won , J. and Kitamura , K. 2007 . Comparative analysis of sport consumer motivations between South Korea and Japan . Sport Marketing Quarterly , 16 : 93 – 105 .
  • Yamaguchi , Y. 1987 . A cross-national study of socialization into physical activity in corporate settings: The case of Japan and Canada . Sociology of Sport Journal , 4 : 61 – 77 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.