960
Views
42
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Expenditure-Based Segmentation of a Mountain Destination Tourist Market

, &
Pages 695-713 | Received 30 Sep 2011, Accepted 08 May 2012, Published online: 17 Oct 2012

REFERENCES

  • Agarwal , V. B. and Yochum , G. R. 1999 . Tourist spending and race of visitors . Journal of Travel Research , 38 ( 4 ) : 173 – 176 .
  • ANAFRE. (2008). Associação Nacional de Freguesias. Retrieved from http://www.anafre.pt (http://www.anafre.pt)
  • Andereck , K. L. and Caldwell , L. L. 1994 . Variable selection in tourism market segmentation models . Journal of Travel Research , 33 ( 2 ) : 40 – 46 .
  • Andreu , L. , Kozak , M. , Avci , N. and Cifter , N. 2005 . Market segmentation by motivations to travel: British tourists visiting Turkey . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 19 ( 1 ) : 1 – 14 .
  • Archer , B. 1996 . Economic impacta . Annals of Tourism Research , 23 ( 3 ) : 704 – 707 .
  • Arimond , G. and Elfessi , A. 2001 . A clustering method for categorical data in tourism market segmentation research . Journal of Travel Research , 39 ( 4 ) : 391 – 397 .
  • Beh , A. and Bruyere , B. L. 2007 . Segmentation by visitor motivation in three Kenyan national reserves . Tourism Management , 28 : 1464 – 1471 .
  • Bieger , T. and Laesser , C. 2002 . Market segmentation by motivation: The case of Switzerland . Journal of Travel Research , 41 : 68 – 76 .
  • Bigné , J. E. and Andreu , L. 2004 . Emotions in segmentation—An empirical study . Annals of Tourism Research , 31 ( 3 ) : 682 – 696 .
  • Borges , R. and Lima , S. 2006 . O turismo de montanha: Abordagem conceptual e enquadramento do produto . Journal of Tourism & Development , 6 : 157 – 165 .
  • Bryant , B. E. and Morrison , A. J. 1980 . Travel market segmentation and the implementation of market strategies . Journal of Travel Research , 18 ( 3 ) : 2 – 8 .
  • Bull , A. 1995 . The economics of travel and tourism , Melbourne , , Australia : Longman .
  • Cabugueira , A. 2005 . A importância económica do turismo . Journal of Tourism & Development , 2 ( 2 ) : 97 – 104 .
  • Cannon , T. F. and Ford , J. 2002 . Relationship of demographic and trip characteristics to visitor spending: An analysis of sports travel visitors across time . Tourism Economics , 8 ( 3 ) : 263 – 271 .
  • Cooper , C. , Fletcher , J. , Gilbert , D. and Wanhill , S. 2005 . Tourism: Principles and practice , Harlow , , United Kingdom : Prentice Hall .
  • Craggs , R. and Schofield , P. 2009 . Expenditure-based segmentation and visitor profiling at The Quays in Salford, UK . Tourism Economics , 15 ( 1 ) : 243 – 260 .
  • De Kadt , E. J. 1979 . Tourism: Passport to development? , Oxford , , United Kingdom : Oxford University Press .
  • Díaz-Pérez , F. M. , Bethencourt-Cejas , M. and Álvarez-González , J. A. 2005 . The segmentation of Canary Island tourism markets by expenditure: Implications for tourism policy . Tourism Management , 26 ( 6 ) : 961 – 964 .
  • Dibb , S. , Simkin , L. , Pride , W. M. and Ferrell , O. C. 2001 . Marketing—Concepts and strategies , Boston , MA : Houghton Mifflin Company .
  • Dolnicar , S. and Leisch , F. 2008 . Selective marketing for environmentally sustainable tourism . Tourism Management , 29 ( 4 ) : 672 – 680 .
  • Eusébio , C. E. , Kastenholz , E. and Carneiro , M. J. 2003 . “ A relevância da investigação no ensino do turismo: Algumas estratégias de intervenção na realização do inquérito ” . In Livro de Actas das 3as Jornadas Ibéricas do Turismo , Coimbra , , Portugal : Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra/Escola Superior de Educação .
  • Eusébio , M. C. 2006 . Avaliação do impacte económico do turismo a nível regional—O caso da Região Centro de Portugal (Unpublished doctoral dissertation) , Aveiro , , Portugal : Universidade de Aveiro .
  • Fredman , P. 2008 . Determinants of visitor expenditure in mountain tourism . Tourism Economics , 14 ( 2 ) : 297 – 311 .
  • Fredman , P. and Lindberg , K. 2008 . Special focus: Mountain tourism—Introduction . Tourism Economics , 14 ( 2 ) : 245 – 247 .
  • Frochot , I. 2005 . A benefit segmentation of tourists in rural areas: A Scottish perspective . Tourism Management , 26 : 335 – 346 .
  • Goldsmith , R. E. and Litvin , S. W. 1999 . Heavy users of travel agents: A segmentation analysis of vacation travelers . Journal of Travel Research , 38 ( 2 ) : 127 – 133 .
  • Hu , B. and Yu , H. 2007 . Segmentation by craft selection criteria and shopping involvement . Tourism Management , 28 : 1079 – 1092 .
  • INE . 2007 . Anuário estatístico da Região Centro—2006 , Lisboa , , Portugal : Instituto Nacional de Estatística .
  • INE . 2009 . Anuário estatístico da Região Centro—2008 , Lisboa , , Portugal : Instituto Nacional de Estatística .
  • Inskeep , E. 1991 . Tourism planning. An integrated and sustainable development approach , New York , NY : Van Nostrand Reinhold .
  • Juaneda , C. and Sastre , F. 1999 . Balearic Islands tourism: A case study in demographic segmentation . Tourism Management , 20 : 549 – 552 .
  • Juwaheer , T. D. 2007 . Using service quality expectations as a criterion to segment international tourists in the hospitality industry: An outlook of hotels of Mauritius . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 21 ( 2–3 ) : 1 – 18 .
  • Kastenholz , E. 2004 . ‘Management of Demand' as a tool in sustainable tourist destination development . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 12 ( 5 ) : 388 – 408 .
  • Kastenholz , E. 2005 . Analysing determinants of visitor spending for the rural tourist market in North Portugal . Tourism Economics , 11 ( 4 ) : 555 – 569 .
  • Kastenholz , E. and Almeida , A. 2008 . Seasonality in rural tourism— The case of North Portugal . Tourism Review , 63 ( 2 ) : 5 – 15 .
  • Kastenholz , E. , Davis , D. and Paul , G. 1999 . Segmenting tourists in rural areas: The case of North and Central Portugal . Journal of Travel Research , 37 : 353 – 363 .
  • Kau , A. K. and Lim , P. S. 2005 . Clustering of Chinese tourists to Singapore: An analysis of their motivations, values and satisfaction . International Journal of Tourism Research , 7 : 231 – 248 .
  • Kim , D. , Lehto , X. Y. and Morrison , A. M. 2007 . Gender differences in online travel information search: Implications for marketing communications on the Internet . Tourism Management , 28 : 423 – 433 .
  • Kim , S. S. and Agrusa , J. 2008 . Segmenting Japanese tourists to Hawaii according to tour purpose . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 24 ( 1 ) : 63 – 80 .
  • Koc , E. and Altinay , G. 2007 . An analysis of seasonality in monthly per person tourist spending in Turkish inbound tourism from a market segmentation perspective . Tourism Management , 28 : 227 – 237 .
  • Kotler , P. , Bowen , J. T. and Makens , J. 2006 . Marketing for hospitality and tourism , Upper Saddle River , NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Kotler , P. , Haider , D. and Rain , I. 1993 . Marketing places , New York , NY : The Free Press .
  • Laesser , C. and Crouch , G. I. 2006 . Segmenting markets by travel expenditure patterns: The case of international visitors to Australia . Journal of Travel Research , 44 ( 4 ) : 397 – 406 .
  • Lee , G. , Morrison , A. M. and O'Leary , J. T. 2006 . The economic value portfolio matrix: A target market selection tool for destination marketing organizations . Tourism Management , 27 : 576 – 588 .
  • Legohérel , P. and Wong , K. K. 2006 . Market segmentation in the tourism industry and consumers' spending: What about direct expenditures? . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 20 ( 2 ) : 15 – 30 .
  • Litvin , S. W. 2007 . Marketing visitor attractions: A segmentation study . International Journal of Tourism Research , 9 : 9 – 19 .
  • Mathieson , A. and Wall , G. 1982 . Tourism: Economic, physical and social impacts , Harlow , , United Kingdom : Longman .
  • McKercher , B. , Ho , P. S. , du Cros , H. and So-Ming , B. C. 2002 . Activities-based segmentation of the cultural tourism market . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 12 ( 1 ) : 23 – 46 .
  • Mehmetoglu , M. 2007 . Typologising nature-based tourists by activity—Theoretical and practical implications . Tourism Management , 28 : 651 – 660 .
  • Mok , C. and Iverson , T. J. 2000 . Expenditure-based segmentation: Taiwanese tourists to Guam . Tourism Management , 21 : 299 – 305 .
  • Molera , L. and Albaladejo , I. P. 2007 . Profiling segments of tourists in rural areas of South-Eastern Spain . Tourism Management , 28 : 757 – 767 .
  • Moscardo , G. , Pearce , P. and Morrison , A. 2001 . Evaluating different bases for market segmentation: A comparison of geographic origin versus activity participation for generating tourist market segments . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 10 ( 1 ) : 29 – 49 .
  • Mudambi , R. and Baum , T. 1997 . Strategic segmentation: An empirical analysis of tourist expenditures in Turkey . Journal of Travel Research , 36 ( 1 ) : 29 – 34 .
  • Nepal , S. K. and Chipeniuk , R. 2005 . Mountain tourism: Toward a conceptual framework . Tourism Geographies , 7 ( 3 ) : 313 – 333 .
  • Park , D. and Yoon , Y. 2009 . Segmentation by motivation in rural tourism: A Korean case study . Tourism Management , 30 : 99 – 108 .
  • Perez , E. A. and Sampol , C. J. 2000 . Tourist expenditures for mass tourism markets . Annals of Tourism Research , 27 ( 3 ) : 624 – 637 .
  • Pizam , A. and Reichel , A. 1979 . Big spenders and little spenders in U.S. tourism . Journal of Travel Research , 18 ( 1 ) : 42 – 43 .
  • Plog , S. 1974 . Why destination areas rise and fall in popularity . Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Quarterly , 14 ( 4 ) : 55 – 58 .
  • Ribeiro , M. and Marques , C. 2002 . Rural tourism and the development of less favoured areas—Between rhetoric and practice . International Journal of Tourism Research , 4 ( 3 ) : 211 – 220 .
  • Sarigöllü , E. and Huang , R. 2005 . Benefits segmentation of visitors to Latin America . Journal of Travel Research , 43 : 277 – 293 .
  • Sharpley , R. and Telfer , D. J. 2002 . Tourism and development: Concepts and issues , Clevedon , , United Kingdom : Channel View .
  • Spencer , D. M. and Holecek , D. F. 2007 . Basic characteristics of the fall tourism market . Tourism Management , 28 : 491 – 504 .
  • Spotts , D. M. and Mahoney , E. 1991 . Segmenting visitors to a destination region based on the volume of their expenditures . Journal of Travel Research , 2 : 24 – 31 .
  • Stobart , J. and Ball , R. 1998 . Tourism and local economic development. Beyond the conventional view . Local Economy , 13 ( 3 ) : 228 – 238 .
  • Thrane , C. 1997 . Values as segmentation criteria in tourism research: The Norwegian Monitor approach . Tourism Management , 18 ( 2 ) : 11 – 13 .
  • Tkaczynski , A. , Rundle-Thiele , S. R. and Beaumont , N. 2009 . Segmentation: A tourism stakeholder view . Tourism Management , 30 : 169 – 175 .
  • Tsiotsou , R. and Vasioti , E. 2006 . Satisfaction: A segmentation criterion for “short term” visitors of mountainous destinations . Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing , 20 ( 1 ) : 61 – 73 .
  • Vanhove , N. 2005 . The economics of tourism destinations , Oxford , , United Kingdom : Butterworth–Heinemann .
  • Wang , Y. , Rompf , P. , Severt , D. and Peerapatdit , N. 2006 . Examining and identifying the determinants of travel expenditure patterns . International Journal of Tourism Research , 8 : 333 – 346 .
  • Weaver , D. B. and Lawton , L. J. 2002 . Overnight ecotourist market segmentation in the Gold Coast hinterland of Australia . Journal of Travel Research , 40 : 270 – 280 .
  • WTO . 1995 . Collection of tourism expenditures statistics , Madrid , , Spain : World Tourism Organization .
  • Xia , J. , Evans , F. , Spilsbury , K. , Ciesielski , V. , Arrowsmith , C. and Wright , G. 2010 . Market segments based on the dominant movement patterns of tourists . Tourism Management , 31 : 464 – 469 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.