Anhedonia and Amotivation in Psychiatric Outpatients with Fully Remitted Stimulant Use Disorder

REFERENCES

• Satel S L, Price L H, Palumbo J M, McDougle C J. Clinical phenomenology and neurobiology of cocaine abstinence: a prospective inpatient study. Am J Psychiatry. 1991; 148: 1712–1716
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coffey S F, Dansky B S, Carrigan M H, Brady K T. Acute and protracted cocaine abstinence in an outpatient population: a prospective study of mood, sleep and withdrawal symptoms. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000; 59: 277–286
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gawin F H, Kleber H D. Abstinence symptomatology and psychiatric diagnosis in cocaine abusers: clinical observations. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986; 43: 107–113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGregor C M, Srisurapanont M, Jittiwutikarn J, Laobhripatr S, Wongtan T, White J M. The nature, time course and severity of methamphetamine withdrawal. Addiction. 2005; 100: 1300–1329
   Google Scholar
• Weddington W W, Brown B S, Haertzen C A, Cone E J. Changes in mood, craving, and sleep during short-term abstinence reported by male cocaine addicts: a controlled, residential study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990; 47: 861–868
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalechstein A D, Newton T F, Leavengood A H. Apathy syndrome in cocaine dependence. Psychiatry Res. 2002; 109: 97–100
   Google Scholar
• Tremblay L K, Naranjo C A, Cardenas L, Herrmann N, Busto U E. Probing brain reward system function in major depressive disorder: altered response to dextroamphetamine. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002; 59: 409–416
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay L K, Naranjo C A, Graham S J, et al. Functional neuroanatomical substrates of altered reward processing in major depressive disorder revealed by a dopaminergic probe. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005; 62: 1228–1236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falck R S, Wang J, Siegal H A, Carlson R G. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder among a community sample of crack cocaine users: an exploratory study with practical implications. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2004; 192: 503–507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker A, Dawe S. Amphetamine use and co-occurring psychological problems: review of the literature and implications for treatment. Australian Psychologist. 2005; 40: 88–95
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uslaner J, Kalechstein A, Richter T, Ling W, Newton T. Association of depressive symptoms during abstinence with the subjective high produced by cocaine. Am J Psychiatry. 1999; 156: 1444–1446
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton T F, Kalechstein A D, De La Garza R, II, Cutting D J, Ling W. Apathy predicts hedonic but not craving response to cocaine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2005; 82: 236–240
   Google Scholar
• Zimmerman M. Integrating the assessment methods of researchers in routine clinical practice: The Rhode Island Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services (MIDAS) project. Standardized Evaluation in Clinical Practice. 22nd ed., M F First, 2003; 29–74
   Google Scholar
• Riehman K S, Iguchi M Y, Anglin M D. Depressive symptoms among amphetamine and cocaine users before and after substance abuse treatment. Psychol Addict Behav. 2002; 16: 333–337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miles H, Johnson S, Amponsah-Afuwape S, Leese M, Finch E, Thornicroft G. Characteristics of subgroups of individuals with psychotic illness and a comorbid substance use disorder. Psychiatr Serv. 2003; 54: 554–561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First M B, Spitzer R L, Williams J BW, Gibbon M. Structed Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC 1997
   Google Scholar
• Guy W. ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology. National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, Md. 1976; 76–338, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare publication ADM
   Google Scholar
• McGlinchey J B, Zimmerman M, Young D, Chelminski I. Diagnosing major depressive disorder, VIII: are some symptoms better than others?. J Nerv Ment Dis 2006; 194: 785–790
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zimmerman M, Mattia J I. Psychiatric diagnosis in clinical practice: is comorbidity being missed?. Compr Psychiatry 1999; 40: 182–191
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The SAS System for Windows. Version 8.2. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC 2003
   Google Scholar
• Janiri L, Martinotti G, Dario T, et al. Anhedonia and substance-related symptoms in detoxified substance-dependent subjects: a correlation study. Neuropsychobiology. 2005; 52: 37–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bovasso G B. Cannabis abuse as a risk factor for depressive symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 2033–2037
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leventhal A M, Chasson G S, Tapia E, Miller E K, Pettit J P. Measuring hedonic capacity in depression: a psychometric analysis of three anhedonia scales. J Clin Psychol. 2006; 62: 1545–1558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bressan R A, Crippa J A. The role of dopamine in reward and pleasure behaviour—review of data from preclinical research. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005; 111(Suppl. 427)14–21
   Google Scholar