REFERENCES
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Overview of findings from the 2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2004
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National findings. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2005
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National findings. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2006
- Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration. Results from the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2007
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The DAWN Report: Opiate-Related Drug Misuse Death in Six States: 2003. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2003
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Treatment Episode Data Set. Highlights 2002. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 2004
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Unintentional and undetermined poisoning deaths—11 states, 1990–2001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004; 53: 233–238
- Office of Management and Budget. Update of Statistical Area Definitions and Guidance on Their Uses. OMB, Washington, DC 2006, OMB Bulletin No. 07-01
- Paulozzi L J, Budnitz D S, Xi Y. Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2006; 15: 618–627
- Wysowski D K. Surveillance of prescription drug-related mortality using death certificate data. Drug Saf. 2007; 30: 533–540
- Mueller M R, Shah N G, Landen M G. Unintentional prescription drug overdose deaths in New Mexico, 1994–2003. Am J Prev Med. 2006; 30: 423–429
- Shah N G, Lathrop S L, Reichard R R, Landen M G. Unintentional drug overdose death trends in New Mexico, USA, 1990–2005: Combinations of heroin, cocaine, prescription opioids and alcohol. Addiction. 2008; 103: 126–136
- Wunsch M J, Boyd C J, McMasters M G. Nonmedical use of prescription medications. Principles of Addition Medicine, 4th ed., R FD Ries, S C Miller, R Saitz. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2008
- Bryant W K, Galea S, Tracy M, Markham Piper T, Tardiff K J, Vlahov D. Overdose deaths attributed to methadone and heroin in New York City, 1990–1998. Addiction. 2004; 99: 846–854
- Carson H J. Classes of drugs and their prevalence in multiple drug intoxication in suicides and accidents. Leg Med (Tokyo). 2008; 10: 92–95
- Sigmon S C. Characterizing the emerging population of prescription opioid abusers. Am J Addict. 2006; 15: 208–212
- Rosenblum A, Parrino M, Schnoll S H, et al. Prescription opioid abuse among enrollees into methadone maintenance treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007; 90: 64–71
- Cone E J, Fant R V, Rohay J M, et al. Oxycodone involvement in drug abuse deaths. II. Evidence for toxic multiple drug-drug interactions. J Anal Toxicol. 2004; 28: 616–624
- Hull M J, Juhascik M, Mazur F, Flomenbaum M A, Behonick G S. Fatalities associated with fentanyl and co-administered cocaine or opiates. J Forensic Sci. 2007; 52: 1383–1388
- Kuhlman J J, Jr, McCaulley R, Valouch T J, Behonick G S. Fentanyl use, misuse, and abuse: A summary of 23 postmortem cases. J Anal Toxicol. 2003; 27: 499–504
- Wolf B C, Lavezzi W A, Sullivan L M, Flannagan L M. Methadone-related deaths in Palm Beach County. J Forensic Sci. 2004; 49: 375–378
- Wolf B C, Lavezzi W A, Sullivan L M, Flannagan L M. One hundred seventy-two deaths involving the use of oxycodone in Palm Beach County. J Forensic Sci. 2005; 50: 192–195
- Wolf B C, Lavezzi W A, Sullivan L M, Middleberg R A, Flannagan L M. Alprazolam-related deaths in Palm Beach County. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2005; 26: 24–27
- White J M, Irvine R J. Mechanisms of fatal opioid overdose. Addiction. 1999; 94: 961–972
- Caplehorn J R, Drummer O H. Fatal methadone toxicity: Signs and circumstances, and the role of benzodiazepines. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2002; 26: 358–362
- Drug Abuse Warning Network. National Estimates of Drug Related Emergency Department Visits. 2006, DAWN Series D-30, DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 08-4339, Rockville, MD, 2008
- Leavitt S B. Methadone-drug* interactions (* Medications, illicit drugs and other substances), Available at: http://www.atforum.com/SiteRoot/pages/addiction_resources/Drug_Interactions.pdf Addiction Treatment Forum.. (accessed June 8, 2008)
- Gourlay D L, Heit H A, Almahrezi A. Universal precautions in pain medicine: A rational approach to the treatment of chronic pain. Pain Med. 2005; 6: 107–112
- Weaver M, Schnoll S H. Addiction issues in prescribing opioids for chronic malignant pain. Journal of Addiction Medicine. 2007; 1: 2–10
- Drummer O H. Postmortem toxicology of drugs of abuse. Forensic Sci Int. 2004; 142: 101–113