Race Differences in Longitudinal Associations Between Adolescent Personal and Peer Marijuana Use and Adulthood Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk

REFERENCES

• CDC . Sexually transmitted diseases in the United States, 2008: National Surveillance Data for Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis . http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/trends.htm (accessed April 2, 2012)
   Google Scholar
• Fortenberry , J D . 1995 . Adolescent substance use and sexually transmitted diseases risk: a review . J Adolesc Health , 16 : 304 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAMHSA . 2010 . Results from the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Volume I. Summary of national findings , Rockville , MD : Office of Applied Studies .
   Google Scholar
• Boyer , C B , Shafer , M A , Teitle , E , Wibbelsman , C J , Seeberg , D and Schachter , J . 1999 . Sexually transmitted diseases in a health maintenance organization teen clinic: associations of race, partner's age, and marijuana use . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , 153 : 838 – 44 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyer , C B , Shafer , M , Wibbelsman , C J , Seeberg , D , Teitle , E and Lovell , N . 2000 . Associations of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors with sexual risk and sexually transmitted diseases in teen clinic patients . J Adolesc Health , 27 : 102 – 11 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves , K L and Leigh , B C . 1995 . The relationship of substance use to sexual activity among young adults in the United States . Fam Plann Perspect , 27 : 18 – 22 . 33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grossman , M and Markowitz , S . 2005 . I did what last night? Adolescent risky sexual behaviors and substance abuse . Eastern Economic Journal , 31 : 383 – 405 .
   Google Scholar
• Liau , A , Dicelemente , R J Wingwood , G M . 2002 . Associations between biologically-confirmed marijuana use and laboratory-confirmed sexually transmitted diseases among African American adolescent females . Sex Transm Dis , 29 : 387 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry , R , Holtzman , D , Truman , B I , Kann , L , Collins , J L and Kolbe , L J . 1994 . Substance use and HIV-related sexual behaviors among US high school students: are they related? . Am J Public Health , 84 : 1116 – 20 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santelli , J S , Robin , L , Brener , N D and Lowry , R . 2001 . Timing of alcohol and other drug use and sexual risk behaviors among unmarried adolescents and young adults . Fam Plann Perspect , 33 : 200 – 05 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shrier , L A , Emans , S J , Woods , E R and DuRant , R H . 1996 . The association of sexual risk behaviors and problem drug behaviors in high school seniors . J Adolesc Health , 20 : 377 – 83 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valois , R F , Oeltmann , J E , Waller , J and Hussey , J R . 1999 . Relationship between number of sexual intercourse partners and selected health risk behaviors among public high school adolescents . J Adolesc Health , 25 : 328 – 35 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyer , C B , Sebro , N S , Wibbelsman , C and Shafer , M A . 2006 . Acquisition of sexually transmitted infections in adolescents attending an urban, general HMO teen clinic . J Adolesc Health , 39 : 287 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broman , C L . 2007 . Race, drug use, and risky sexual behavior . College Student Journal , 41 : 999 – 1010 .
   Google Scholar
• Brook , J S , Balka , E B and Whiteman , M . 1999 . The risks for late adolescence of early adolescent marijuana use . Am J Public Health , 89 : 1549 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan , S C , Strycker , L A and Duncan , T E . 1999 . Exploring associations in developmental trends of adolescent substance use and risky sexual behavior in a high-risk population . J Behav Med , 22 : 21 – 34 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Staton , M , Leukefeld , C Logan , T K . 1999 . Risky sex behavior and substance use among young adults . Health Soc Work , 24 : 147 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crosby , R , DiClemente , R J Wingood , G M . 2002 . Predictors of infection with Trichomoniasis vaginalis: a prospective study of low income African-American adolescent females . Sex Transm Infect , 78 : 360 – 4 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo , J , Jia , D , Jin , B , Xu , F , Yuan , X and Shen , H . 2002 . Developmental relationships between adolescent substance use and risky sexual behavior in young adulthood . J Adolesc Health. , 31 : 354 – 62 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadet , J L , Bolla , K and Herning , R I . 2006 . “ Neurological assessments of marijuana users ” . In Marijuana and cannabinoid research: methods and protocols , Edited by: Onaivi , E S . 255 – 68 . Totowa , NJ : Humana Press .
   Google Scholar
• Matochik , J A , Eldreth , D A , Cadet , J L and Bolla , K I . 2005 . Altered brain tissue composition in heavy marijuana users . Drug Alcohol Depend , 77 : 23 – 30 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolla , K I , Brown , K , Eldreth , D , Tate , K and Cadet , J L . 2002 . Dose-related neurocognitive effects of marijuana use . Neurology , 59 : 1337 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedman , A S , Glassman , K and Terras , B A . 2001 . Violent behavior as related to use of marijuana and other drugs . J Addict Dis , 20 : 49 – 72 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall , W and Degenhardt , L . 2009 . Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use . Lancet. , 374 : 1383 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fergusson , D M , Horwood , L J and Swain-Campbell , N R . 2002 . Cannabis use and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence and young adulthood . Addiction , 97 : 1123 – 35 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferdinand , R F , Sondeijker , F , van der Ende , J , Selten , J P , Huizink , A and Verhulst , F C . 2005 . Cannabis use predicts future psychotic symptoms, and vice versa . Addiction , 100 : 612 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henquet , C , Krabbendam , L Spauwen , J . 2005 . Prospective cohort study of cannabis use, predisposition for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms in young people . BMJ , 330 : 11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner , F A and Anthony , J C . 2002 . From first drug use to drug dependence; developmental periods of risk for dependence upon marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol . Neuropsychopharmacology. , 26 : 479 – 88 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta , S D , Rothman , R E , Kelen , G D , Quinn , T C and Zenilman , J M . 2001 . Unsuspected gonorrhea and chlamydia in patients of an urban adult emergency department: a critical population for STD control intervention . Sex Transm Dis , 28 : 33 – 9 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donohew , L , Clayton , R R , Skinner , W F and Colon , S . 1999 . Peer networks and sensation seeking: some implications for primary socialization theory . Subst Use Misuse , 34 : 1013 – 23 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valente , T W , Gallaher , P and Mouttapa , M . 2004 . Using social network to understand and prevent substance use: a transdisciplinary perspective . Subst Use Misuse , 39 : 1685 – 712 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hallfors , D D , Iritani , B J , Miller , W C and Bauer , D J . 2007 . Sexual and drug behavior patterns and HIV and STD racial disparities: the need for new directions . Am J Public Health , 97 : 125 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaestner , R and Joyce , T . 2001 . “ Alcohol and drug use: risk factors for unintended pregnancy ” . In Economic analysis of substance use and abuse: the experience of developed countries and lessons for developing countries , Edited by: Grossman , M and Hsieh , C . 203 – 38 . London : Edward Elgar Limited .
   Google Scholar
• Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Study design: National longitudinal study of adolescent health. http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/design (accessed April 2, 2012).
   Google Scholar
• Udry , J R . References, instruments, and questionnaires consulted in the development of the add health in-home adolescent interview . http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/data/guides/refer.pdf (accessed April 2, 2012).
   Google Scholar
• Resnick , M D , Bearman , P S Blum , R W . 1997 . Protecting adolescents from harm. Findings from the National Longitudinal Study on Adolescent Health . JAMA , 278 ( 10 ) : 823 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chantala , K and Tabor , J . 2007 . Strategies to perform a design-based analysis using the add health data . http://wwwcpcuncedu/projects/addhealth/files/weight1pdf (accessed March 16
   Google Scholar
• Sieving , R E , Beuhring , T Resnick , M D . 2001 . Development of adolescent self-report measures from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health . J Adolesc Health , 28 : 73 – 81 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , MS , Q , Feng FA , Florey . 2007 . Biomarkers in Wave III of the Add Health Study . http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth/files/biomark.pdfaccessed March 16
   Google Scholar
• Miller , W C , Ford , C A Morris , M . 2004 . Prevalence of chlamydial and gonococcal infections among young adults in the United States . JAMA , 291 : 2229 – 36 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , W C , Swygard , H Hobbs , M M . 2005 . The prevalence of trichomoniasis in young adults in the United States . Sex Transm Dis , 32 : 593 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aral , S O and Holmes , K K . 1999 . “ Social and behavioral determinants of the epidemiology of STDs: industrialized and developing countries ” . In Sexually transmitted diseases, , 3rd ed. , Edited by: Holmes , K K , Sparling , P F and Mardh , P-A . 39 – 76 . New York : McGraw Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Mott , F L and Haurin , R J . 1988 . Linkages between sexual activity and alcohol and drug use among American adolescents . Fam Plann Perspect , 20 : 128 – 36 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Edwards , J M , Iritani , B J and Hallfors , D D . 2006 . Prevalence and correlates of exchanging sex for drugs or money among adolescents in the United States . Sex Transm Infect , 82 : 354 – 8 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toumbourou , J W , Stockwell , T , Neighbors , C , Marlatt , G A , Sturge , J and Rehm , J . 2007 . Interventions to reduce harm associated with adolescent substance use . Lancet , 369 : 1391 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott , L , Orr , L , Watson , L and Jackson , A . 2005 . Secondary prevention interventions for young drug users: a systematic review of the evidence . Adolescence , 40 ( 157 ) : 1 – 22 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar