Cognitive balance, structural models and communicative influence: An explication and proposed extensions

References

• Miller , Gerald R. and Burgoon , Michael . 1978 . “Persuasion Research: Review and Commentary” . In Communication Yearbook , 2 ed. , Edited by: Ruben , Brent D. 29 – 47 . New Brunswick , N.J. : Transaction Books .
   Google Scholar
• Simons , Herbert W. 1971 . “Psychological Theories of Persuasion: An Auditor's Report” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 57 : 383 – 392 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiesler , Charles A. , Collins , Barry E. and Miller , Norman . 1969 . Attitude Change: A Critical Analysis of Theoretical Approaches , 230 – 231 . New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• “The Nature of Attitudes and Attitude Change” . Vol. III , 136 – 314 .
   Google Scholar
• Zajonc , Robert B. “Cognitive Theories in Social Psychology” . In The Handbook Vol. I , 320 – 411 .
   Google Scholar
• Insko , Chester A. 1967 . Theories of Attitude Change , New York : Appleton‐Century‐Crofts .
   Google Scholar
• Greenwald , Anthony G. , Brock , Timothy C. and Ostrom , Thomas M. , eds. 1968 . Psychological Foundations of Attitudes , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Abelson , Robert , eds. 1968 . Theories of Cognitive Consistency: A Sourcebook , Chicago : Rand McNally .
   Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1964 . “A Structural Balance Model of Communication Effects” . Psychological Review , 71 : 291 – 313 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berkowitz , Leonard , ed. 1967 . “A Structural Balance Approach to the Analysis of Communication Effects” . In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology , Vol. III , 100 – 166 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Heider , Fritz . 1944 . “Social Perception and Phenomenal Causality” . Psychological Review , 51 : 358 – 374 .
   Google Scholar
• 1946 . “Attitudes and Cognitive Organization” . Journal of Psychology , 21 : 107 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1958 . The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations , New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Cartwright , Dorwin and Harary , Frank . 1956 . “Structural Balance: A Generalization of Heider's Theory” . Psychological Review , 63 : 277 – 293 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harary , Frank , Norman , Robert Z. and Cartwright , Dorwin . 1965 . Structural Models: An Introduction to the Theory of Directed Graphs , New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Jordan , Nehemiah . 1953 . “Behavioral Forces that are a Function of Attitudes and of Cognitive Organization” . Human Relations , 6 : 273 – 287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrissette , Julian O. 1958 . “An Experimental Study of the Theory of Structural Balance” . Human Relations , 11 : 239 – 254 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price , Kendall O. , Harburg , Ernest and McLeod , Jack M. 1965 . “Positive and Negative Affect as a Function of Perceived Discrepancy in ABX Situations” . Human Relations , 18 : 87 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1965 . “A Structural Balance Analysis of Evaluative Behavior” . Human Relations , 18 : 171 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1965 . “Reactions to Communications under Conditions of Source Responsibility and Source Coercion” . Australian Journal of Psychology , 17 : 179 – 194 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1967 . “Effects of Institutional Affiliation and Attitude Discrepancy on Evaluations of Communications and Interpersonal Attraction” . Human Relations , 20 : 101 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather . “Effects of Institutional Affiliation” . 107
   Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. and Jeffries , D. G. 1967 . “Balancing and Extremity Effects in Reactions of Receivers to Source and Content of Communication” . Journal of Personality , 35 : 194 – 213 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. and Armstrong , D. J. 1967 . “Effects of Variations in Source Attitude, Receiver Attitude, and Communication Stand on Reactions to Source and Content of Communication” . Journal of Personality , 35 : 435 – 455 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1964 . “Acceptance and Rejection of Arguments in Relation to Attitude Strength, Critical Ability, and Intolerance for Inconsistency” . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psy‐chology , 69 : 127 – 136 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Budner , S. 1962 . “Intolerance of Ambiguity as a Personality Variable” . Journal of Personality , 30 : 29 – 50 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , James G. and Westie , Frank R. 1959 . “The Tolerant Personality” . American Sociological Review , 24 : 521 – 528 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1967 . “Evaluation of Religious and Neutral Arguments by Religious and Atheist Student Groups” . Australian Journal of Psychology , 19 : 3 – 12 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1969 . “Cognitive Differentiation, Attitude Strength, and Dogmatism” . Journal of Personality , 37 : 111 – 126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1969 . “Differentiation of Arguments in Relation to Attitude, Dogmatism and Intolerance for Ambiguity” . Australian Journal of Psychology , 21 : 21 – 29 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1970 . “Balancing and Positivity Effects in Social Recall” . Journal of Personality , 38 : 602 – 628 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1963 . “Cognitive Dissonance, Sensitivity, and Evaluation” . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 66 : 157 – 163 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1969 . “Preference for Information in Relation to Consistency, Novelty, Intolerance for Ambiguity, and Dogmatism” . Australian Journal of Psychology , 21 : 235 – 249 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feather . “A Structural Approach” . 134
   Google Scholar
• Feather , N. T. 1966 . “The Prediction of Interpersonal Attraction: Effects of Sign and Strength of Relations in Different Structures” . Human Relations , 19 : 213 – 237 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sereno , Kenneth K. and Bodaken , Edward M. 1972 . “Ego‐Involvement and Attitude Change: Toward a Reconceptualization of Persuasive Effect” . Speech Monographs , 39 : 151 – 158 .
   Google Scholar
• Infante , Dominic A. 1971 . “Predicting Attitude from Desirability and Likelihood Ratings of Rhetorical Propositions” . Speech Monographs , 38 : 321 – 326 .
   Google Scholar
• 1972 . “Cognitive Structure as a Predictor of Post Speech Attitude and Attitude Change” . Speech Monographs , 39 : 55 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , Gerald R. and Rokeach , Milton . “Individual Differences and Tolerance for Inconsistency” . In Theories of Cognitive Consistency: A Sourcebook 624 – 632 .
   Google Scholar
• Harvey , O. J. , Hunt , David E. and Schroder , Harold M. 1961 . Conceptual Systems and Personality Organization , New York : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Schroder , Harold M. , Driver , Michael J. and Streufert , Siegfried . 1967 . Human Information Processing , New York : Holt, Rinehart and Winston .
   Google Scholar
• Schroder , Driver and Streufert . “Measurement of Structural Properties” . 163 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Katz , Donald . 1960 . “The Functional Approach to the Study of Attitudes” . Public Opinion Quarterly , 24 : 163 – 204 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1972 . “On Attitude, Personal Involvement and Social Judgment” . 48 Pennsylvania State University . unpublished monograph
   Google Scholar
• Feather . “A Structural Balance Approach” . 108 – 109 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , David H. 1972 . “Communication Research and the Idea of Process” . Speech Monographs , 39 : 174 – 182 .
   Google Scholar
• Frandsen , Kenneth D. 1971 . “Talking Shop: Philosophy, Theory and Research” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 57 : 459 – 463 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mr. Peterson is Director of Research, Gregg Division, McGraw‐Hill Book Company, New York. Mr. Frandsen is Professor and Chairperson of Speech Communication, University of New Mexico. Preparation of this paper was facilitated by support from the Central Fund for Research, College of Liberal Arts, Pennsylvania State University.
   Google Scholar