9,189
Views
57
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effects of Economic and Symbolic Threat Appeals in Right-Wing Populist Advertising on Anti-Immigrant Attitudes: The Impact of Textual and Visual Appeals

References

  • Abraham, L., & Appiah, O. (2006). Framing news stories: The role of visual imagery in priming racial stereotypes. The Howard Journal of Communications, 17(3), 183–203. doi:10.1080/10646170600829584
  • Ansolabehere, S., & Iyengar, S. (1995). Going negative: How political advertising shrinks and polarizes the electorate. New York, NY: Free Press.
  • Arendt, F., Marquart, F., & Matthes, J. (2015). Effects of right-wing populist political advertising on implicit and explicit stereotypes. Journal of Media Psychology, 27(4), 178–189. doi:10.1027/1864-1105/a000139
  • Atwell Seate, A., & Mastro, D. (2016). Media’s influence on immigration attitudes: An intergroup threat theory approach. Communication Monographs, 83(2), 194–213. doi:10.1080/03637751.2015.1068433
  • Betz, H.-G. (2013). Mosques, minarets, burqas and other essential threats: The populist right’s campaign against Islam in Western Europe. In R. Wodak, M. KhosraviNik, & B. Mral (Eds.), Right-wing populism in Europe: Politics and discourse (pp. 71–88). London, England: Bloomsbury.
  • Bodenhausen, G. V., & Wyer, R. S. (1985). Effects of stereotypes on decision making and information-processing strategies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(2), 267–282. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.2.267
  • Bos, L., van der Brug, W., & de Vreese, C. (2010). Media coverage of right-wing populist leaders. Communications, 35(2), 141–163. doi:10.1515/comm.2010.008
  • Bos, L., van der Brug, W., & de Vreese, C. H. (2013). An experimental test of the impact of style and rhetoric on the perception of right-wing populist and mainstream party leaders. Acta Politica, 48(2), 192–208. doi:10.1057/ap.2012.27
  • Brader, T. (2005). Striking a responsive chord: How political ads motivate and persuade voters by appealing to emotions. American Journal of Political Science, 49(2), 388–405. doi:10.1111/j.0092-5853.2005.00130.x
  • Chen, S., & Chaiken, S. (1999). The heuristic-systematic model in its broader context. In S. Chaiken & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories in social psychology (pp. 73–96). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Coleman, R., & Banning, S. (2006). Network TV news’ affective framing of the presidential candidates: Evidence for a second-level agenda-setting effect through visual framing. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 83(2), 313–328. doi:10.1177/107769900608300206
  • Crosby, F. (1976). A model of egoistical relative deprivation. Psychological Review, 83(2), 95–113. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.83.2.85
  • Croucher, S. M. (2013). Integrated threat theory and acceptance of immigrant assimilation: An analysis of Muslim immigration in Western Europe. Communication Monographs, 80(1), 46–62. doi:10.1080/03637751.2012.739704
  • de Vreese, C. H., & Neijens, P. (2016). Measuring media exposure in a changing communications environment. Communication Methods and Measures, 10(2/3), 69–80. doi:10.1080/19312458.2016.1150441
  • Dumitrescu, D. (2010). Know me, love me, fear me: The anatomy of candidate poster designs in the 2007 French legislative elections. Political Communication, 27(1), 20–43. doi:10.1080/10584600903297117
  • Engesser, S., Ernst, N., Esser, F., & Büchel, F. (2016). Populism and social media: How politicians spread a fragmented ideology. Information, Communication & Society. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/1369118X.2016.1207697
  • Geise, S., & Baden, C. (2015). Putting the image back into the frame: Modeling the linkage between visual communication and frame-processing theory. Communication Theory, 25(1), 46–69. doi:10.1111/comt.12048
  • Grabe, M. E., & Bucy, E. P. (2009). Image bite politics: News and the visual framing of elections. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  • Hameleers, M., Bos, L., & de Vreese, C. H. (2016). “They did it”: The effects of emotionalized blame attribution in populist communication. Communication Research. Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/0093650216644026
  • Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1–22. doi:10.1080/00273171.2014.962683
  • Holtz-Bacha, C., & Kaid, L. L. (2006). Political advertising in international comparison. In L. L. Kaid & C. Holtz-Bacha (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of political advertising (pp. 3–13). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Iyer, A., Webster, J., Hornsey, M. J., & Vanman, E. J. (2014). Understanding the power of the picture: The effect of image content on emotional and political responses to terrorism. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 44(7), 511–521. doi:10.1111/jasp.12243
  • Jagers, J., & Walgrave, S. (2007). Populism as political communication style: An empirical study of political parties’ discourse in Belgium. European Journal of Political Research, 46(3), 319–345. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2006.00690.x
  • Kaid, L. L., Fernandes, J., & Painter, D. (2011). Effects of political advertising in the 2008 presidential campaign. American Behavioral Scientist, 55(4), 437–456. doi:10.1177/0002764211398071
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Kühne, R., Schemer, C., Matthes, J., & Wirth, W. (2011). Affective priming in political campaigns: How campaign-induced emotions prime political opinions. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 23(4), 485–507. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edr004
  • Leiner, D. J., Scherr, S., & Bartsch, A. (2016). Using open source tools to measure online selective exposure in naturalistic settings. Communication Methods and Measures, 10(4), 199–216. doi:10.1080/19312458.2016.1224825
  • LeVine, R. A. (1972). Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict, ethnic attitudes, and group behavior. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lucassen, G., & Lubbers, M. (2012). Who fears what? Explaining far-right-wing preference in Europe by distinguishing perceived cultural and economic ethnic threats. Comparative Political Studies, 45(5), 547–574. doi:10.1177/0010414011427851
  • Marcus, G. E., Neuman, W. R., & MacKuen, M. (2000). Affective intelligence and political judgment. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
  • Marquart, F., Matthes, J., & Rapp, E. (2016). Selective exposure in the context of political advertising: A behavioral approach using eye-tracking methodology. International Journal of Communication, 10, 2576–2595. Retrieved from http://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/4415/1667
  • Matthes, J., & Schmuck, D. (2015). The effects of anti-immigrant right-wing populist ads on implicit and explicit attitudes: A moderated mediation model. Communication Research. Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/0093650215577859
  • Mazzoleni, G. (2008). Populism and the media. In D. Albertazzi & D. McDonnell (Eds.), Twenty-first century populism: The spectre of Western European democracy (pp. 49–64). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Mendelberg, T. (2001). The race card: Campaign strategy, implicit messages, and the norm of equality. Princeton, NJ: University Press.
  • Mudde, C. (2004). The populist zeitgeist. Government and Opposition, 39(4), 542–563. doi:10.1111/j.1477-7053.2004.00135.x
  • Ottati, V., Terkildsen, N., & Hubbard, C. (1997). Happy faces elicit heuristic processing in a televised impression formation task: A cognitive tuning account. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23(11), 1144–1156. doi:10.1177/01461672972311003
  • Pelinka, A. (2013). Right-wing populism: Concept and typology. In R. Wodak, M. KhosraviNik, & B. Mral (Eds.), Right-wing populism in Europe (pp. 3–22). London, UK: Bloomsbury.
  • Powell, T. E., Boomgaarden, H. G., De Swert, K., & de Vreese, C. H. (2015). A clearer picture: The contribution of visuals and text to framing effects. Journal of Communication, 65(6), 997–1017. doi:10.1111/jcom.12184
  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
  • Rodriguez, L., & Dimitrova, D. V. (2011). The levels of visual framing. Journal of Visual Literacy, 30(1), 48–65. doi:10.1080/23796529.2011.11674684
  • Rosbergen, E., Pieters, R., & Wedel, M. (1997). Visual attention to advertising: A segment-level analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 24(3), 305–314. doi:10.1086/209512
  • Schemer, C. (2012). The influence of news media on stereotypic attitudes toward immigrants in a political campaign. Journal of Communication, 62(5), 739–757. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01672.x
  • Schmitt-Beck, R., & Farrell, D. M. (2002). Studying political campaigns and their effects. In D. M. Farrell & J. Monnet (Eds.), Do political campaigns matter? Campaign effects in elections and referendums (pp. 1–21). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Schmuck, D., & Matthes, J. (2015). How anti-immigrant right-wing populist advertisements affect young voters: Symbolic threats, economic threats and the moderating role of education. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41(10), 1577–1599. doi:10.1080/1369183X.2014.981513
  • Schneider, S. L. (2008). Anti-immigrant attitudes in Europe: Outgroup size and perceived ethnic threat. European Sociological Review, 24(1), 53–67. doi:10.1093/esr/jcm034
  • Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1988). How do I feel about it? The informative function of mood. In K. Fiedler & J. Forgas (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and social behavior (pp. 44–62). Toronto, Ontario, Canada: C.J. Hogrefe.
  • Sheets, P., Bos, L., & Boomgaarden, H. G. (2016). Media cues and citizen support for right-wing populist parties. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 28(3), 307–330. doi:10.1093/ijpor/edv014
  • Sniderman, P. M., & Hagendoorn, L. (2007). When ways of life collide. Princeton, NJ: University Press.
  • Statista. (2016). Bruttowerbedruck der durch politische Parteien geschalteten Inserate in Österreich nach ausgewählten Zeitungen im Jahr 2015 (in Euro) [Gross advertising print of the political parties’ advertisements by selected newspapers in Austria in 2015 (in Euro)]. Retrieved from http://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/473548/umfrage/werbewert-der-durch-parteien-geschalteten-zeitungsinserate-in-oesterreich/
  • Stephan, W. G., & Stephan, C. W. (2000). An integrated threat theory of prejudice. In S. Oskamp (Ed.), Reducing prejudice and discrimination (pp. 23–45). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Stephan, W. G., Ybarra, O., Martnez, C. M., Schwarzwald, J., & Tur-Kaspa, M. (1998). Prejudice toward immigrants to Spain and Israel: An integrated threat theory analysis. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29(4), 559–576. doi:10.1177/0022022198294004
  • Taggart, P. (2004). Populism and representative politics in contemporary Europe. Journal of Political Ideologies, 9(3), 269–288. doi:10.1080/1356931042000263528
  • Tajfel, H. (1978). Social categorization, social identity, and social comparisons. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation between social groups (pp. 254–267). London, England: Academic Press.
  • Valentino, N. A., Hutchings, V. L., & White, I. K. (2002). Cues that matter: How political ads prime racial attitudes during campaigns. American Political Science Review, 96(01), 75–90. doi:10.1017/S0003055402004240