20
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Evaluation of risks to health from environmental exposure in Canada

, &
Pages 443-452 | Published online: 19 Nov 2008

References

  • ATSDR (AGENCY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND DISEASE REGISTRY) . 1990 . Toxicological Profile for Benzo(a)pyrene. , US Public Health Service . Publication No. ATSDR/TP‐88–05
  • ATWELL , L. , HENNIGAR , P. , KOZAK , J. , MORIN , M. and OLDREIVE , C. 1984 . Ambient air‐Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons study, Sydney, Nova‐Scotia , 79 Halifax : Environment Canada, Environmentall Protection Service, Atlantic Region and Nova Scotia Department of Environment .
  • BEZAK, D. (1990). Manitoba Department of the Environment. Unpublished data.
  • DANN , T. 1989 . Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air of Toronto, Ontario and Montreal, Quebec , 20 Pollution Measurement Division, Environment Canada .
  • DANN T. 1991. River Road Environmental Technology Centre. Personal communication to Environment Canada, Quebec Region
  • DANN, T. (1992). River Road Environmental Technology Centre. Personal communication.
  • DEUTSCH‐WENZEL , R.P. , BRUNE , H. , GRIMMER , G. , DETTBARN , G. and MISFELD , J. 1983 . Experimental studies in rat lungs on the carcinogenicity and dose‐response relationships of eight frequently occurring environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , 71 : 539 – 544 .
  • EHD (ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE) . 1992 . Determination of “Toxic”; under Paragraph 11c) of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. , Ottawa, Ontario : Bureau of Chemical Hazards, Environmental Health Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Department of National Health and Welfare . Unpublished
  • FAULKNER , D.A. 1985 . Atmospheric Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in Greater Vancouver , Report PAES‐85–1, Scientific Services Division Vancouver, British Columbia : Atmospheric Environment Service .
  • GRIMMER , G. 1983 . Environmental Carcinogens: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry, Occurence, Biochemistry, Carcinogenicity , Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, Inc. .
  • HEINRICH , U. , POTT , F. , MOHR , U. , FUHST , R. and KONIG , J. 1986 . Lung tumours in rats and mice after inhalation of PAH‐rich emissions . Exp. Pathol. , 29 : 29 – 34 .
  • IARC (INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER) . 1983 . IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds, Part 1. Chemical, Environmental and Experimental Data. Vol. 32 , 33 – 91 . Lyon, , France
  • JOHNSON, D. (1991). Personal communication to Environment Canada, Quebec Region.
  • LASKIN , S. , KUSCHNER , M. and DREW , R.T. 1970 . “ Studies in pulmonary carcinogenesis ” . In Inhalation Carcinogenesis , AEC Symposium Series No. 18 Edited by: Hanna , M.G. Jr. , Nettesheim , P. and Gilbert , J.R. 321 – 351 . Oak Ridge : Oak Ridge Division of Technical Information, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission .
  • LEI (LAVALIN ENVIRONNEMENT INC.) . 1992a . HAP dans I'air ambiant au Québec. (Campagnes automne 1989 ‐ hiver 1990). Rédigé pour la Division du Contrôle de la pollution atmosphéfigue et des toxiques , 103 Environemnt Canada, Conservation et Protection, Direction de la Protection de I'Environnement, région du Québec . Unpublished report
  • LEI (LAVALIN ENVIRONNEMENT INC.) . 1992b . “ HAP dans I'air ambiant au Québec. (Campagnes automne 1990 ‐ hiver 1991) ” . In Rédigé pour la Division du Contrôle de la pollution atmosphéfigue et des toxiques , 111 Environemnt Canada, Conservation et Protection, Direction de la Protection de I'Environnement, région du Québec . Unpublished report
  • MEEK , M.E. , NEWHOOK , R. , LITEPLO , R.G. and ARMSTRONG , V.C. 1994 . Approach to assessment of risk to human health for Priority Substances under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act . J. Environ. Sci Health , C12 (2) : 105 – 134 .
  • NEAL , J. and RIGDON , R.H. 1967 . Gastric tumours in mice fed benzo(a)pyrene: a quantitative study . Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine , 25 : 553 – 557 .
  • RINGUETTE , S. , GERMAIN , A. , GONTHIER , C. ET and PERRON , F. 1993 . Présence des HAP dans I'environnement canadien: Résumé de la situation , 24 Montreal : Environnement Canada, Conservation et Protection, région du Québec . + annexes
  • SANTODONATO , J. , HOWARD , P. and BASU , D. 1981 . Health and ecological assessment of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons . J. Environ. Path. Toxicol. , 5 : 1 – 368 .
  • SLAGA , T.J. , GLEASON , G.L. , MILLS , G. , EWALD , L. , FU , P.P. , LEE , H.M. and HARVEY , R.G. 1980 . Comparison of the skin tumour‐initiating activities of dihydrodiols and diolepoxides of various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons . Cancer Res. , 40 : 1981 – 1984 .
  • SLOOFF , W. , JANUS , J.A. , MATTHIJSEN , A.J.C.M. , MONTIZAAN , G.K. and ROS , J.P.M. , eds. 1989 . Integrated Criteria Document PAHs. , Report No. 758474011 199 Bilthoven, , The Netherlands : National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection .
  • THORSLUND , T. and CHARNLEY , G. 1988 . Comparative Potency Approach for Estimating the Cancer Risk Associated with Exposure to Mixtures of Potycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons , Washington, D.C. : ICF‐Clement Associates . Interim Final Report prepared for EPA Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. Contract No. 68–02–4403
  • THYSSEN , J. , ALTHOFF , J. , KIMMERLE , G. and MOHR , U. 1981 . Inhalation studies with benzo[a]pyrene in Syrian golden hamsters . J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , 66 : 575 – 577 .
  • US EPA (UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY) . 1982 . An Exposure and Risk Assessment for Benzo(a)pyrene and Other Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. , Report No. EPA/440/4–85–020 Washington, D.C. : Office of Water Regulations and Standards .
  • Author to whom correspondence or requests for the complete Assessment Report and (unpublished) Supporting Documentation should be addressed.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.