323
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Pesticide Safety Behavior among Cocoa Farmers in Nigeria: Current Trends and Determinants

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Damalas CA. Understanding benefits and risks of pesticide use. Sci Res Essays. 2009;4(10):945–949.
  • Gowda B, Sendhil R, Adak T, et al. Determinants of rice farmers’ intention to use pesticides in eastern India: application of an extended version of the planned behavior theory. Sustain Prod Consumption. 2021;26:814–823. doi:10.1016/j.spc.2020.12.036.
  • Damalas CA, Eleftherohorinos IG. Pesticide exposure, safety issues, and risk assessment indicators. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011;8(5):1402–1419. doi:10.3390/ijerph8051402.
  • Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Pesticides Use; 2021 Available from: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/RP
  • Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Crops: cocoa beans 2020 [cited 2021 May 5]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
  • Fadiji D, Okoji L, Akerele D. Quality Of Life For Occupational Risks Of Cocoa Farm Workers In Nigeria. Rev Agr Appl Eco. 2021;24(1340–2021–772):56–63.
  • Owolabi K, Okunlola J. Farmers’ Utilization of Indigenous Knowledge Techniques for the Control of Cocoa Pests and Diseases in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Asian J Agr Ext Eco Soc. 2015;4(3):247–258.doi:10.9734/AJAEES/2015/9460.
  • Bagheri A, Emami N, Damalas CA. Farmers’ behavior towards safe pesticide handling: an analysis with the theory of planned behavior. Sci Total Environ. 2021;751:141709. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141709.
  • Ikemefuna P. Agrochemicals and the environment. Novartis Newsletter. 1998;4(1):2.
  • Oluwole O, Cheke RA. Health and environmental impacts of pesticide use practices: a case study of farmers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Int J Agric Sustainability. 2011;7(3):153–163. doi:10.3763/ijas.2009.0431.
  • Sowunmi FA, Famuyiwa GT, Oluyole KA, et al. Environmental burden of fungicide application among cocoa farmers in Ondo state, Nigeria. 2019; Sci African. 6:185.
  • Oyekale AS. Cocoa Farmers’ Compliance with Safety Precautions in Spraying Agrochemicals and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Cameroon. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Feb 13;15(2):327. doi:10.3390/ijerph15020327.
  • Damalas CA, Koutroubas SD. Farmers’ exposure to pesticides: toxicity types and ways of prevention. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Inst. 2016:1.
  • Boedeker W, Watts M, Clausing P, et al. The global distribution of acute unintentional pesticide poisoning: estimations based on a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1–19. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09939-0.
  • Pimentel D, Burgess M. Environmental and Economic Costs of the Application of Pesticides Primarily in the United States. Integrated Pest Management. 47–71. New York: Springer; 2014.
  • Sosan MB, Akingbohungbe AE, Ojo IA, et al. Insecticide residues in the blood serum and domestic water source of cacao farmers in Southwestern Nigeria. Chemosphere. 2008;72(5):781–784. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.015.
  • Rother H. 1663b Reducing Workers Exposures to Highly Hazardous Pesticides with the Hierarchy of Control: Labels Failure to Communicate Safety Behaviours. United Kingdom: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd; 2018.
  • Famuyiwa BS, Torimiro DO, Obatolu BO, et al. Preventive Measures Adopted by Nigerian Farmers for the Environmental Hazards in Cocoa Plantations. J Agr Ext. 2014;18(2):99. doi:10.4314/jae.v18i2.11.
  • Damalas CA, Koutroubas SD. Farmers’ behaviour in pesticide use: a key concept for improving environmental safety. Curr Opinion Environ Sci Health. 2018;4:27–30. doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2018.07.001.
  • Bagheri A, Bondori A, Allahyari MS, et al. Modeling farmers’ intention to use pesticides: an expanded version of the theory of planned behavior. J Environ Manage. Oct 15 2019;248:109291. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109291.
  • Damalas CA, Abdollahzadeh G. Farmers’ use of personal protective equipment during handling of plant protection products: determinants of implementation. Sci Total Environ. 2016 Nov 15;571:730–736. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.042.
  • Damalas CA, Hashemi SM. Pesticide risk perception and use of personal protective equipment among young and old cotton growers in northern Greece. Agrociencia. 2010;44:363–371.
  • Damalas CA, Georgiou EB, Theodorou MG. Pesticide use and safety practices among Greek tobacco farmers: a survey. Int J Environ Health Res. 2006 Oct;16(5):339–348. doi:10.1080/09603120600869190.
  • Abdollahzadeh G, Sharifzadeh MS, Damalas CA. Perceptions of the beneficial and harmful effects of pesticides among Iranian rice farmers influence the adoption of biological control. Crop Protect. 2015;75:124–131. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2015.05.018.
  • Weng CY, Black C. Taiwanese farm workers’ pesticide knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and clothing practices. Int J Environ Health Res. 2015;25(6):685–696. doi:10.1080/09603123.2015.1020415.
  • Hashemi SM, Rostami R, Hashemi MK, et al. Pesticide Use and Risk Perceptions among Farmers in Southwest Iran. Human Ecological Risk Assessment. 2012;18(2):456–470. doi:10.1080/10807039.2012.652472.
  • Savari M, Gharechaee H. Application of the extended theory of planned behavior to predict Iranian farmers’ intention for safe use of chemical fertilizers. J Cleaner Production. 2020;1:263.
  • Ataei P, Gholamrezai S, Movahedi R, et al. An analysis of farmers’ intention to use green pesticides: the application of the extended theory of planned behavior and health belief model. J Rural Stud. 2021;81:374–384. doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.11.003.
  • Moradhaseli S, Ataei P, Farhadian H, et al. Farmers’ Preventive Behavior Analysis Against Sunlight Using the Health Belief Model: a Study from Iran. J Agromedicine. Jan 2019;24(1):110–118. doi:10.1080/1059924X.2018.1541036.
  • Damalas C, Koutroubas S, Abdollahzadeh G. Drivers of Personal Safety in Agriculture: a Case Study with Pesticide Operators. Agriculture. 2019;9(2):34. doi:10.3390/agriculture9020034.
  • Rezaei R, Seidi M, Karbasioun M. Pesticide exposure reduction: extending the theory of planned behavior to understand Iranian farmers’ intention to apply personal protective equipment. Saf Sci. 2019;120:527–537. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.07.044.
  • Abdollahzadeh G, Sharifzadeh MS. Predicting farmers’ intention to use PPE for prevent pesticide adverse effects: an examination of the Health Belief Model (HBM). J Saudi Soc Agr Sci. 2021;20(1):40–47.doi:10.1016/j.jssas.2020.11.001.
  • Bhandari G, Atreya K, Yang XM, et al. Factors affecting pesticide safety behaviour: the perceptions of Nepalese farmers and retailers. Sci Total Environ. Aug 1 2018;631-632:1560–1571. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.144.
  • Raksanam B, Taneepanichskul S, Siriwong W, et al. Factors associated with pesticide risk behaviors among rice farmers in rural community. Thailand. 2012;2(2):32-39.
  • Sharifzadeh MS, Abdollahzadeh G, Damalas CA, et al. Determinants of pesticide safety behavior among Iranian rice farmers. Sci Total Environ. Feb 15 2019;651(Pt 2):2953–2960. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.179.
  • Aminu F, Ladapo HL, Ojo OO. Pesticide Use and Health Hazards among Cocoa Farmers: evidence from Ondo and Kwara States of Nigeria. Nigeria Agr J. 2020;51(2):263–273.
  • Adelodun A. Cocoa Production in Nigeria; A literature review In: analysis. Food Agr Posted. 2017;7:2017.
  • Arowolo A, Shuaibu S, Sanusi M, et al. Analysis of the determinants of profit from cocoa beans marketing in Ogun State, Nigeria. J Agr Sci Environ. 2016;16(1):9–19. doi:10.51406/jagse.v16i1.1665.
  • Krejcie RV, Morgan DW. Determining sample size for research activities. Educ Psychol Meas. 1970;30:607–610. doi:10.1177/001316447003000308.
  • Mokwunye I, Babalola F, Ndagi I, et al. Farmers’ compliance with the use of approved cocoa pesticides in cocoa producing States of Nigeria. J Agr Social Res, 2012;12(2):44–60.
  • Adesuyi AA, Longinus NK, Olatunde AM, et al. Pesticides related knowledge, attitude and safety practices among small-scale vegetable farmers in lagoon wetlands, Lagos, Nigeria. J Agr Environ Int Dev, 2018;112(1):81–99.
  • Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Questionnaire Design; 1997. Available from: https://www.fao.org/3/w3241e/w3241e05.htm#preliminary%20decisions%20in%20questionnaire%20design [Accessed June 2, 2022]
  • Turner RC, Carlson L. Indexes of item-objective congruence for multidimensional items. Int j testing. 2003;3(2):163–171.doi:10.1207/S15327574IJT0302_5.
  • Raykov T, Marcoulides GA. Thanks coefficient alpha, we still need you! Educ Psychol Meas. 2019;79(1):200–210. doi:10.1177/0013164417725127.
  • Bloom BS. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Vol. 1. New York. McKay. 1956. 20. 24.
  • Kien A. Factors Influencing Safety Pesticide Use Behaviour among Farmers in Thainguyen Province. Vietnam: Doctoral dissertation, MSc Thesis. Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University; 2015.
  • Walton AL, LePrevost CE, Linnan L, et al. Benefits, Facilitators, Barriers, and Strategies to Improve Pesticide Protective Behaviors: insights from Farmworkers in North Carolina Tobacco Fields. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Jun 23 2017;14(7):677. doi:10.3390/ijerph14070677.
  • Uwagboe EO, Agbongiarhuoyi AE. Adoption Challenges of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Technology and Cocoa Production in Cross River State, Nigeria: the Elucidation and Way Forward. Sci Papers Series Manage. 2020;20(4):575–581.
  • Abdollahzadeh G, Sharifzadeh MS, Damalas CA. Motivations for adopting biological control among Iranian rice farmers. Crop Protect. 2016;80:42–50. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2015.10.021.
  • Wang J, Chu M, Ma Y. Measuring Rice Farmer’s Pesticide Overuse Practice and the Determinants: a Statistical Analysis Based on Data Collected in Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces of China. Sustainability. 2018;10(3):845.
  • Fan LX, Niu HP, Yang XM, et al. Factors affecting farmers’ behaviour in pesticide use: insights from a field study in northern China. Sci Total Environ. Dec 15 2015;537:360–368. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.150.
  • Bagheri A, Emami N, Damalas CA. Farmers’ behavior towards safe pesticide handling: an analysis with the theory of planned behavior. Sci Total Environ. Jan 10, 2021;751:141709.
  • Bagheri A, Emami N, Damalas CA, et al. Farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of pesticide use in apple farms of northern Iran: impact on safety behavior. Environ Sci Pollution Res. 2019;26(9):9343–9351. doi:10.1007/s11356-019-04330-y.
  • Damalas C, Theodorou M, Georgiou E. Attitudes towards pesticide labelling among Greek tobacco farmers. Int j pest management. 2006;52(4):269–274.doi:10.1080/09670870600792101.
  • Damalas CA, Khan M. Farmers’ attitudes towards pesticide labels: implications for personal and environmental safety. Int J Pest Management. 2016;62(4):319–325.doi:10.1080/09670874.2016.1195027.
  • Khan M, Damalas CA. Farmers’ willingness to pay for less health risks by pesticide use: a case study from the cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan. Sci Total Environ. 2015 Oct 15;530-531:297–303. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.110.
  • Okoffo ED, Mensah M, Fosu Mensah BY. Pesticides exposure and the use of personal protective equipment by cocoa farmers in Ghana. Environ Systems Res. 2016;5:17. doi:10.1186/s40068-016-0068-z.
  • Boadi-Kusi SB, Hansraj R, Mashige KP, et al. Factors associated with protective eyewear use among cocoa farmers in Ghana. Inj Prev. Oct 2016;22(5):365–369. doi:10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041531.
  • Damalas CA, Georgiou EB, Theodorou MG. Pesticide use and safety practices among Greek tobacco farmers: a survey. Int J Environ Health Res. 2006;16:339–348.
  • Moradhaseli S, Ataei P, Van den Broucke S, et al. The Process Of Farmers, Occupational Health Behavior by Health Belief Model: evidence From Iran. J Agromedicine. 2020;25:1–14. doi:10.1080/1059924X.2020.1694821.
  • Sookhtanlou M, Allahyari MS. Farmers’ health risk and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during pesticide application. Environ Sci Pollution Res. 2021;1–11. doi:10.1007/s11356-020-11060-z.
  • Levesque DL, Arif AA, Shen J. Association between workplace and housing conditions and use of pesticide safety practices and personal protective equipment among North Carolina farmworkers in 2010. Int J Occup Environ Med. 2012;3:53–67.
  • Sharifzadeh MS, Damalas CA, Abdollahzadeh G. Perceived usefulness of personal protective equipment in pesticide use predicts farmers’ willingness to use it. Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 31;609:517–523. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.125.
  • Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior: frequently asked questions. Human Behav Em Tech. 2020;2(4):314–324.doi:10.1002/hbe2.195.
  • Perry V, Davenport M. An inductive framework of self-efficacy to understand and support farmers in conservation agriculture. J Soil Water Conservation. 2020;75(2):198–208.doi:10.2489/jswc.75.2.198.
  • Shajua M, Laohasiriwong W. Patterns of Chemical Pesticide Use and Determinants of the Use of Personal Protective Equipment to Minimize Chemical Exposure in Vegetable Farming, Maldives. Medico Legal Update. 2021;21(2):774–779.
  • Mattson M. Toward a reconceptualization of communication cues to action in the health belief model: HIV test counseling. Commun Monographs. 1999;66(3):240–265.doi:10.1080/03637759909376476.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.