104
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Health Benefits and Therapeutic Applications of Curcumin

, &
Pages 191-210 | Published online: 10 Oct 2008

REFERENCES

  • Ammon HPT, Wahl MA. Pharmacology of Curcuma longa. Planta Med 1991; 57: 1–7
  • Eigner D, Scholz D. Ferula asa-foetida and Curcuma longa in traditional medicinal treatment and diet in Nepal. J Ethnopharmacol 1999; 67: 1–6
  • Ammon HPT, Anazodo MI, Safayhi H, Dhawan BN, Srimal RC. Curcumin: a potent inhibitor of leukotriene B4 formation in rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNL). Planta Med 1992; 58: 26
  • Huang HC, Jan TR, Yeh SF. Inhibitory effect of curcumin, an anti-inflammatory agent, on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol 1992; 221(2–3)381–384
  • Srinivasan M. Effect of curcumin on blood sugar as seen in a diabetic subject. Indian J Med Sci 1972; 26(4)269–270
  • Lim GP, Chu T, Yang F, Beech W, Frautschy SA, Cole GM. The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. J Neurosci 2001; 21(21)8370–8377
  • Natarajan C, Bright JJ. Curcumin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 signaling through Janus kinase-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2002; 168(12)6506–6513
  • Mazumder A, Neamati N, Sunder S, Schulz J, Pertz H, Eich E, Pommier Y. Curcumin analogs with altered potencies against HIV-1 integrase as probes for biochemical mechanisms of drug action. J Med Chem 1997; 40(19)3057–3063
  • Awasthi S, Srivatava SK, Piper JT, Singhal SS, Chaubey M, Awasthi YC. Curcumin protects against 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal-induced cataract formation in rat lenses. Am J Clin Nutr 1996; 64(5)761–766
  • Ukil A, Maity S, Karmakar S, Datta N, Vedasiromoni JR, Das PK. Curcumin, the major component of food flavor turmeric, reduces mucosal injury in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 139(2)209–218
  • Aggarwal BB, Kumar A, Bharti AC. Anticancer potential of curcumin: preclinical and clinical studies. Anticancer Res 2003; 23(1A)363–398
  • Azuine MA, Bhide SV. Chemopreventive effect of turmeric against stomach and skin tumors induced by chemical carcinogens in Swiss mice. Nutr Cancer 1992; 17: 77–83
  • Azuine MA, Bhide SV. Protective single/combined treatment with betel leaf and turmeric against methyl (acetoxymethyl) nitrosamine-induced hamster oral carcinogenesis. Int J Cancer 1992; 51: 412–415
  • Conney AH, Lysz T, Ferraro T, Abidi TF, Manchand PS, Laskin JD, Huang MT. Inhibitory effect of curcumin and some related dietary compounds on tumor promotion and arachidonic acid metabolism in mouse skin. Adv Enzyme Regul 1991; 31: 385–396
  • Lu YP, Chang RL, Lou YR, Huang MT, Newmark HL, Reuhl KR, Conney AH. Effect of curcumin on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- and ultraviolet B light-induced expression of c-Jun and C-Fos in JB6 cells and in mouse epidermis. Carcinogenesis 1994; 15(10)2363–2370
  • Limtrakul P, Lipigorngoson S, Namwong O, Apisariyakul A, Dunn FW. Inhibitory effect of dietary curcumin on skin carcinogenesis in mice. Cancer Lett 1997; 116(2)197–203
  • Huang MT, Newmark HL, Frenkel K. Inhibitory effects of curcumin on tumorigenesis in mice. J Cell Biochem Suppl 1997; 27: 26–34
  • Huang MT, Lou YR, Ma W, Newmark HL, Reuhl KR, Conney AH. Inhibitory effects of dietary curcumin on forestomach, duodenal, and colon carcinogenesis in mice. Cancer Res 1994; 54(22)5841–5847
  • Piper JT, Singhal SS, Salameh MS, Torman RT, Awasthi YC, Awasthi S. Mechanisms of anticarcinogenic properties of curcumin: the effect of curcumin on glutathione linked detoxification enzymes in rat liver. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1998; 30(4)445–456
  • Rao CV, Rivenson A, Simi B, Reddy BS. Chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis by dietary curcumin, a naturally occurring plant phenolic compound. Cancer Res 1995; 55(2)259–266
  • Kim JM, Araki S, Kim DJ, Park CB, Takasuka N, Baba-Toriyama H, Ota T, Nir Z, Khachik F, Shimidzu N, Tanaka Y, Osawa T, Uraji T, Murakoshi M, Nishino H, Tsuda H. Chemopreventive effects of carotenoids and curcumins on mouse colon carcinogenesis after 1,2-dimethylhydrazine initiation. Carcinogenesis 1998; 19(1)81–85
  • Kawamori T, Lubet R, Steele VE, Kelloff GJ, Kaskey RB, Rao CV, Reddy BS. Chemopreventive effect of curcumin, a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent, during the promotion/progression stages of colon cancer. Cancer Res 1999; 59(3)597–601
  • Chuang SE, Cheng AL, Lin JK, Kuo ML. Inhibition by curcumin of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic hyperplasia, inflammation, cellular gene products and cell-cycle-related proteins in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2000; 38(11)991–995
  • Singletary K, MacDonald C, Walling M, Fisher C. Inhibition of 7,12- dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis and DMBA-DNA adduct formation by curcumin. Cancer Lett 1996; 103(2)137–141
  • Chan MM, Huang HI, Fenton MR, Fong D. In vivo inhibition of nitric oxide synthase gene expression by curcumin, a cancer preventive natural product with anti-inflammatory properties. Biochem Pharmacol 1998; 55(12)1955–1962
  • Inano H, Onoda M, Inafuku N, Kubota M, Kamada Y, Osawa T, Kobayashi H, Wakabayashi K. Chemoprevention by curcumin during the promotion stage of tumorigenesis of mammary gland in rats irradiated with gamma-rays. Carcinogenesis 1999; 20(6)1011–1018
  • Sharma OP. Antioxidant activity of curcumin and related compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 1976; 25: 1811–1812
  • Subramanian M, Sreejayan Rao MN, Devasagayam TPA, Singh BB. Diminution of singlet oxygen induced DNA damage by curcumin and related antioxidants. Mutat Res 1994; 311: 249–255
  • Ruby AJ, Kuttan G, Babu KD, Rajasekharan KN, Kuttan R. Antitumor and antioxidant activity of natural curcuminoids. Cancer Lett 1995; 94: 79–83
  • Unnikrishnan MK, Rao MN. Inhibition of nitric-induced oxidation of hemoglobin by curcuminoids. Pharmazie 1995; 50: 490–492
  • Song EK. Diarylheptanoids with free radical scavenging and hepato protective activity in vitro from Curcuma longa. Planta Med 2001; 67: 876–877
  • Joe B, Lokesh BR. Role of capsaicin, curcumin and dietary n-3 fatty acids in lowering the generation of reactive oxygen species in rat peritoneal macrophages. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994; 1224: 255–263
  • Phan TT, See P, Lee ST, Chan SY. Protective effects of curcumin against oxidative damage on skin cell in vitro: its implication for wound healing. J Trauma 2001; 51: 927–931
  • Reddy P, Lokesh B R. Studies on spice principles as antioxidant in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes. Mol Cell Biochem 1992; 111: 117–124
  • Bandyopadhyay U, Das D, Banerjee RK. Reactive oxygen species: oxidative damage and pathogenesis. Curr Sci 1999; 77: 658–666
  • Halliwell B. Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle, AZ Reznick. Birkhauser, Verlag BaselSwitzerland 1998; 1–27
  • Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC. Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview. Methods Enzymol 1990; 186: 1–85
  • Hussain SP, Aguilar F, Amstad P, Cerutti P. Oxy-radical induced mutagenesis of hotspot codons 248 and 249 of the human p53 gene. Oncogene 1994; 9: 2277–2281
  • Sreejayan Rao MN. Curcuminoids as potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. J Pharm Pharmacol 1994; 46: 1013–1016
  • Lim GP, Chu T, Yang F, Beech W, Frantschy SA, Cole GM. The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. J Neurosci 2001; 21: 8370–8377
  • Masuda T, Maekawa T, Hidaka K, Bando H, Takeda Y, Yamaguchi H. Chemical studies on antioxidant mechanisms of curcumin: analysis of oxidative coupling products from curcumin and linoleate. J Agric Food Chem 2001; 49: 2539–2547
  • Ghatak N, Basu N. Sodium curcuminate as an effective antiinflammatory agent. Indian J Exp Biol 1972; 10: 235–236
  • Rao ST, Basu N, Siddqui HH. Anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin analogues. Indian J Med Res 1982; 75: 574–578
  • Srivastava R, Srimal RC. Modification of certain inflammation-induced biochemical changes by curcumin. Indian J Med Res 1985; 81: 215–223
  • Brouet I, Ohshima H. Curcumin, an antitumor promoter and anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 206: 533–540
  • Srimal RC, Dhawan BN. Development of Unani drugs from Herbal Sources and the Role of Elements in their Mechanism of Action, BB Arora. Hamdard National Foundation Monograph, New Delhi 1985
  • Chandra D, Gupta SS. Anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of volatile oil of Curcuma longa (Haldi). Indian J Med Res 1972; 60: 138–142
  • Yegnanarayan R, Saraf AP, Balwani JH. Comparison of anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of Curcuma longa (Linn). Indian J Med Res 1976; 64: 601–608
  • Deodhar SD, Sethi R, Srimal RC. Preliminary study on antirheumatic activity of curcumin (diferuloylmethane). Indian J Med Res 1980; 71: 632–634
  • Kato K, Ito H, Kamei K, Iwamoto I. Stimulation of the stress-induced expression of stress proteins by curcumin in cultured cells and in rat tissues in vivo. Cell Stress Chaperones 1998; 3: 152–160
  • Huang MT, Lysz T, Ferraro T, Abidi TF, Laskin JD, Conney AH. Inhibitory effects of curcumin on in vitro lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities in mouse epidermis. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 813–819
  • Fiorucci S, Meli R, Bucci M, Cirino G. Dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase. A new avenue in anti-inflammatory therapy?. Biochem. Pharmacol 2001; 62: 1433–1438
  • Surh YJ, Chun KS, Cha HH, Han SS, Keum YS, Park KK, Lee SS. Molecular mechanism underlying chemopreventive activities of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: down regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-kB activation. Mutat Res 2001; 480–481: 243–268
  • Chen HW, Huang HC. Effect of curcumin on cell cycle progression and apoptosis in vascular smooth cells. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 124: 1029–1040
  • Martin-Cordero C, Lopez-Lazaro M, Galvez M, Ayuso MJ. Curcumin as a DNA topoisomerase II poison. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2003; 18: 505–509
  • Jana NR, Dikshit P, Goswami A, Nukina N. Inhibition of proteasomal function by curcumin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. J Biol Chem 2004; 279: 11680–11685
  • Duvoix A. Induction of apoptosis by curcumin: mediation by glutathione S-transferase P1–1 inhibition. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 66: 1475–1483
  • Shao ZM, Shen ZZ, Liu CH, Sartippour MR, Go VL, Heber D, Nguyen M. Curcumin exerts multiple suppressive effects on human breast carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer 2002; 98: 234–240
  • Khar A, Ali AM, Pardhasaradhi BV, Varalakshmi CH, Anjum R, Kumari AL. Induction of stress response renders human tumor cell lines resistant to curcumin mediated apoptosis: role of reactive oxygen intermediates. Cell Stress Chaperones 2001; 6: 368–376
  • Bhaumik S, Jyothi MD, Khar A. Differential modulation of nitric oxide production by curcumin in host macrophages and NK cells. FEBS Lett 2000; 483: 78–82
  • Sikora E, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Piwocka K, Skierski J, Radziszewska E. Inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis of human and rat T lymphocytes by curcumin, a curry pigment. Biochem Pharmacol 1997; 54: 899–907
  • Piwocka K, Jaruga E, Skierski J, Gradzka I, Sikora E. Effect of glutathione depletion on caspase-3 independent apoptosis pathway induced by curcumin in Jurkat cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2001; 31: 670–678
  • Kuo ML, Huang TS, Lin JK. Curcumin, an antioxidant and anti-tumor promoter, induces apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Biochem Biophys Acta 1996; 1317(2)95–100
  • Han SS, Chung ST, Robertson DA, Ranjan D, Bondada S. Curcumin causes the growth arrest and apoptosis of B cell lymphoma by down regulation of egr-1, c-myc, bcl-XL, NF-kappa B, and p53. Clin Immunol 1999; 93(2)152–161
  • Piwocka K, Zablocki K, Wieckowski MR, Skierski J, Feiga I, Szopa J, Drela N, Wojtczak L, Sikora E. A novel apoptosis-like pathway, independent of mitochondria and caspases, induced by curcumin in human lymphoblastoid T (Jurkat) cells. Exp Cell Res 1999; 249(2)299–307
  • Abe Y, Hashimoto S, Horie T. Curcumin inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production by human peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Pharmacol Res 1999; 39(1)41–47
  • Chen H, Zhang ZS, Zhang YL, Zhou DY. Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation by interfering with the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res 1999; 19(5A)3675–3680
  • Woo JH, Kim YH, Choi YJ, Kim DG, Lee KS, Bae JH, Min DS, Chang JS, Jeong YJ, Lee YH, Park JW, Kwon TK. Molecular mechanisms of curcumin-induced cytotoxicity: induction of apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species, down-regulation of Bcl-XL and IAP, the release of cytochrome c and inhibition of Akt. Carcinogenesis 2003; 24(7)1199–1208
  • Chan MM, Fong D, Soprano KJ, Holmes WF, Heverling H. Inhibition of growth and sensitization to cisplatin-mediated killing of ovarian cancer cells by polyphenolic chemopreventive agents. J Cell Physiol 2003; 194(1)63–70
  • Bharti AC, Donato N, Singh S, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) down-regulates the constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and Ikappa Balpha kinase in human multiple myeloma cells, leading to suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Blood 2003; 101(3)1053–1062
  • Perkins AS, Woude VGP. Principles of molecular cell biology of cancer: oncogenes. Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology, VT De Vita, S Hellman, SA Rosenberg. Lippincott, Philadelphia 1993; 35–59
  • Cooper RA. Abnormalities of cell membrane fluidity in the pathogenesis of disease. N Engl J Med 1977; 297: 371–377
  • Kralovic RC, Zoop EA, Cenedella RJ. Studies of the mechanism of carcass fat depletion in experimental cancer. Eur J Cancer 1977; 13: 1071–1079
  • Nalini N, Sabitha K, Chitra S, Viswanathan P, Menon VP. Histopathological and lipid changes in experimental cancer: effect of coconut kernel (Cocus nucifera Linn.) and (Capsicum annum Linn.) red chilli powder. Ind J Exp Biol 1997; 35: 964–971
  • Ikegani T, Matsuzaki Y, Shuda J, Kauo M, Hirabayashi N, Tanaka N. The chemopreventive role of ursodeoxycholic acid in azoxymethanetreated rats: suppressive effects on enhanced group II phospholipase A2 expression in colonic tissue. Cancer Lett 1988; 134: 129–139
  • Rao C, Simi B, Wynn T, Garrk Reddy B. Modulating effect of amount and types of dietary fat on colonic mucosal phospholipase A2, phosphotidylinosital-specific phospholipase C activities and cyclooxygenase metabolite formation during different stages of colon tumor promotion in male F344 rats. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 532–537
  • Longo WE, Grossman EM, Erickson B, Panosar N, Mazuski JE, Kaminski DL. The effect of phospholipase A2 inhibitors on proliferation and apoptosis of marine intestinal cells. J Surg Res 1999; 84(1)51–56
  • Owen RW. Fecal steroids and colorectal carcinogenesis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 1997; 222: 76–82
  • Srinivasan M, Aiyar AS, Kapur OP, Kohatnur MG, SubbaRao D, Srinivasan A. Effect of turmeric extract on cholesterol levels in rats. Ind J Exp Biol 1964; 2: 104–107
  • Soni KB, Kuttan R. Effect of oral curcumin administration on serum peroxides and cholesterol levels in human volunteers. Ind J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36(4)273–275
  • Eberhart C, Ceffey R, Radhika A, Giardiello F, Fevrenbacks S, Dubois R. Upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Gastroenterol 1994; 107: 1183–1183
  • Kargam S, Charlerson S, Cartwright M, Frank J, Rindcan TD, Mancini J, et al. Characterization of prostaglandin G/H synthesis in gastrointestinal tracts. Gastroenterology 1996; 111: 445–454
  • Hendrickse S, Reddy I, Donovan M, Keighley J. Activities of phospholipase A2 and diacylalycerol lipase are increased in human colorectal cancer. Br J Surg 1995; 82: 475–478
  • Hanif R, Qiao L, Shiff SJ, Rigas B. Curcumin, a natural plant phenolic food additive, inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle changes in colon adenocarcinoma cell lines by a prostaglandin independent pathway. J Lab Clin Med 1997; 130: 576–584
  • Baldwin AS. Control of oncogenesis and cancer therapy resistance by the transcription factor NF-kappaB. J Clin Invest 2001; 107(3)241–246
  • Pahl HL. Activators and target genes of Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors. Oncogene 1999; 18(49)6853–6866
  • Wang CY, Mayo MW, Baldwin AS, Jr. TNF- and cancer therapy-induced apoptosis: potentiation by inhibition of NF-kappaB. Science 1996; 274(5288)784–787
  • Lee H, Arsura M, Wu M, Duyao M, Buckler AJ, Sonenshein GE. Role of Rel-related factors in control of c-myc gene transcription in receptor-mediated apoptosis of the murine B cell WEHI 231 line. J Exp Med 1995; 181(3)1169–1177
  • Giri DK, Aggarwal BB. Constitutive activation of NF-kappaB causes resistance to apoptosis in human cutaneous T cell lymphoma HuT-78 cells. Autocrine role of tumor necrosis factor and reactive oxygen intermediates. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(22)14008–14014
  • Manna SK, Aggarwal BB. Lipopolysaccharide inhibits TNF-induced apoptosis: role of nuclear factor-kappaB activation and reactive oxygen intermediates. J Immunol 1999; 162(3)1510–1518
  • Kim DW, Sovak MA, Zanieski G, Nonet G, Romieu-Mourez R, Lau AW, Hafer LJ, Yaswen P, Stampfer M, Rogers AE, Russo J, Sonenshein GE. Activation of NF-kappaB/Rel occurs early during neoplastic transformation of mammary cells. Carcinogenesis 2000; 21(5)871–879
  • Singh S, Aggarwal BB. Activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B is suppressed by curcumin (diferuloylmethane). J Biol Chem 1995; 270(42)24995–25000
  • Shishodia S, Potdar P, Gairola CG, Aggarwal BB. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) downregulates cigarette smoke-induced NF-kappaB activation through inhibition of Ikappa Balpha kinase in human lung epithelial cells: correlation with suppression of COX-2, MMP-9 and cyclin D1. Carcinogenesis 2003; 24(7)1269–1279
  • Brouet I, Ohshima H. Curcumin, an antitumor promoter and anti-inflammatory agent, inhibits induction of nitric oxide synthase in activated macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 206: 533–540
  • Jobin C, Bradham CA, Russo MP, Juma B, Narula AS, Brenner DA, Sartor RB. Curcumin blocks cytokine-mediated NF-kappa B activation and proinflammatory gene expression by inhibiting inhibitory factor I-kappa B kinase activity. J Immunol 1999; 163(6)3474–3483
  • Plummer SM, Holloway KA, Manson MM, Munks RJ, Kaptein A, Farrow S, Howells L. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colon cells by the chemopreventive agent curcumin involves inhibition of NF-kappaB activation via the NIK/IKK signalling complex. Oncogene 1999; 18(44)6013–6020
  • Surh YJ, Chun KS, Cha HH, Han SS, Keum YS, Park KK, Lee SS. Molecular mechanism underlying chemopreventive activities of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals: down regulation of COX-2 and iNOS through suppression of NF-kB activation. Mutat Res 2001; 480–481: 243–268
  • Arbiser JL, Klauber N, Rohan R, Leeuwen RV, Huang MT, Fisher C. Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mol Med 1998; 4: 376–383
  • Gururaj AE, Belakavadi M, Venkatesh DA, Marme D, Salimath BP. Molecular mechanisms of anti-angiogenic effect of curcumin. Biochem Biophys Res Commin 2002; 297: 934–942
  • Folkman J. Can mosaic tumor vessels facilitate molecular diagnosis of cancer?. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(2)398–400
  • Singh AK, Sidhu GS, Deepa T, Maheshwari RK. Curcumin inhibits the proliferation and cell cycle progression of human umbilical vein endothelial cell. Cancer Lett 1996; 107(1)109–115
  • Mohan R, Sivak J, Ashton P, Russo LA, Pham BQ, Kasahara N, Raizman MB, Fini ME. Curcuminoids inhibit the angiogenic response stimulated by fibroblast growth factor-2, including expression of matrix metalloproteinase gelatinase. B. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(14)10405–10412
  • Arbiser JL, Klauber N, Rohan R, Leeuwen VR, Huang MT, Fisher C, Flynn E, Byers HR. Curcumin is an in vivo inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mol Med 1998; 4(6)376–383
  • Park MJ, Kim EH, Park IC, Lee HC, Woo SH, Lee JY, Hong YJ, Rhee CH, Choi SH, Shim BS, Lee SH, Hong SI. Curcumin inhibits cell cycle progression of immortalized human umbilical vein endothelial (ECV304) cells by up-regulating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27KIP1 and p53. Int J Oncol 2002; 21(2)379–383
  • Huang HC, Jan TR, Yeh SF. Inhibitory effect of curcumin, an anti-inflammatory agent, on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Eur J Pharmacol 1992; 221(2–3)381–384
  • Chen YR, Tan TH. Inhibition of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway by curcumin. Oncogene 1998; 17(2)173–178
  • Rao DS, Sekhara NC, Satyanarayana MN, Srinivasan M. Effect of curcumin on serum and liver cholesterol levels in the rat. J Nutr 1970; 100(11)1307–1315
  • Patil TN, Srinivasan M. Hypocholesteremic effect of curcumin in induced hypercholesteremic rats. Indian J Exp Biol 1971; 9(2)167–169
  • Keshavarz K. The influence of turmeric and curcumin on cholesterol concentration of eggs and tissues. Poult Sci 1976; 55(3)1077–1083
  • Soudamini KK, Unnikrishnan MC, Soni KB, Kuttan R. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and cholesterol levels in mice by curcumin. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36(4)239–243
  • Soni KB, Rajan A, Kuttan R. Reversal of aflatoxin induced liver damage by turmeric and curcumin. Cancer Lett 1992; 66(2)115–121
  • Hussain MS, Chandrasekhara N. Effect of curcumin on cholesterol gall-stone induction in mice. Indian J Med Res 1992; 96: 288–291
  • Hussain MS, Chandrasekhara N. Biliary proteins from hepatic bile of rats fed curcumin or capsaicin inhibit cholesterol crystal nucleation in supersaturated model bile. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1994; 31(5)407–412
  • Soni KB, Kuttan R. Effect of oral curcumin administration on serum peroxides and cholesterol levels in human volunteers. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1992; 36(4)273–275
  • Quiles JL, Aguilera C, Mesa MD, Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Baro L, Gil A. An ethanolic aqueous extract of Curcuma longer decreases the susceptibility of liver macrodomes and mitochondria to lipid per oxidation in atherosclerotic rabbits. Infectors 1998; 8(1–2)51–57
  • Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Mesa MD, Aguilera MC, Quiles JL, Baro L, Ramirez-Tortosa CL, Martinez-Victoria E, Gil A. Oral administration of a turmeric extract inhibits LDL oxidation and has hypocholesterolemic effects in rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 1999; 147(2)371–378
  • Asai A, Miyazawa T. Dietary curcuminoids prevent high-fat diet-induced lipid accumulation in rat liver and epididymal adipose tissue. J Nutr 2001; 131(11)2932–2935
  • Naidu KA, Thippeswamy NB. Inhibition of human low density lipoprotein oxidation by active principles from spices. Mol Cell Biochem 2002; 229(1–2)19–23
  • Srivastava R, Dikshit M, Srimal RC, Dhawan BN. Anti-thrombotic effect of curcumin. Thromb Res 1985; 40(3)413–417
  • Srivastava R, Puri V, Srimal RC, Dhawan BN. Effect of curcumin on platelet aggregation and vascular prostacyclin synthesis. Arzneimittelforschung 1986; 36(4)715–717
  • Srivastava KC, Bordia A, Verma SK. Curcumin a major component of food spice turmeric (Curcuma longa), inhibits aggregation and alters eicosanoid metabolism in human blood platelets. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1995; 52(4)223–227
  • Dikshit M, Rastogi L, Shukla R, Srima RC. Prevention of ischaemia-induced biochemical changes by curcumin and quinidine in the cat heart. Indian J Med Res 1995; 101: 31–35
  • Nirmala C, Puvanakrishnan R. Effect of curcumin on certain lysosomal hydrolases in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Biochem Pharmacol 1996; 51(1)47–51
  • Nirmala C, Anand S, Puvanakrishnan R. Curcumin treatment modulates collagen metabolism in isoproterenol induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 1999; 197(1–2)31–37
  • Shahed AR, Jones E, Shoskes D. Quercetin and curcumin up-regulate antioxidant gene expression in rat kidney after ureteral obstruction or ischemia/reperfusion injury. Transplant Proc 2001; 33(6)2986–2987
  • Arun N, Nalini N. Efficacy of turmeric on blood sugar and polyol pathway in diabetic albino rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2002; 57(1)41–52
  • Srinivasan M. Effect of curcumin on blood sugar as seen in a diabetic subject. Indian J Med Sci 1972; 26(4)269–270
  • Baeuerle PA, Baltimore D. NF-κB: ten years after. Cell 1996; 87: 13–20
  • Verma IM, Stevenson JK, Schwarz EM, Antwerp DV, Miyamoto S. Rel/NF-κB/I κB family: intimate tales of association and dissociation. Genes Dev 1995; 9: 2723–2735
  • Olson EN. Interplay between proliferation and differentiation within the myogenic lineage. Dev Biol 1992; 154: 261–272
  • Lehtinen SK, Rahkila P, Helenius M, Korhonen P, Salminen A. Down-regulation of transcription factors AP-1, Sp-1, and NF-κB precedes myocyte differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 229: 36–43
  • Baeuerle PA, Henkel T. Function and activation of NF-κB in the immune system. Annu Rev Immunol 1994; 12: 141–179
  • Miller SC, Ito H, Blau HM, Torti FM. Tumor necrosis factor inhibits human myogenesis in vitro. Mol Cell Biol 1998; 8: 2295–2301
  • Srimal RC, Dhawan BN. Pharmacology of diferuloyl methane (curcumin), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. J Pharm Pharmacol 1973; 25(6)447–452
  • Sidhu GS, Singh AK, Thaloor D, Banaudha KK, Patnaik GK, Srimal RC, Maheshwari RK. Enhancement of wound healing by curcumin in animals. Wound Repair Regen 1998; 6(2)167–177
  • Phan TT, See P, Lee ST, Chan SY. Protective effects of curcumin against oxidative damage on skin cells in vitro: its implication for wound healing. J Trauma 2001; 51(5)927–931
  • Mani H, Sidhu GS, Kumari R, Gaddipati JP, Seth P, Maheshwari RK. Curcumin differentially regulates TGF-betal, its receptors and nitric oxide synthase during impaired wound healing. Biofactors 2002; 16(1–2)29–43
  • Natarajan C, Bright JJ. Curcumin inhibits experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by blocking IL-12 signaling through Janus kinase-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2002; 168(12)6506–6513
  • Lim GP, Chu T, Yang F, Beech W, Frautschy SA, Cole GM. The curry spice curcumin reduces oxidative damage and amyloid pathology in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse. J Neurosci 2001; 21(21)8370–8377
  • Deodar SD, Sethi R, Srimal RC. Preliminary study on antirheumatic activity of curcumin (diferuloyl methane). Indian J Med Res 1980; 71: 632–634
  • Liacini A, Sylvester J, Li WQ, Zafarullah M. Inhibition of interleukin-1-stimulated MAP kinases, activating protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) transcription factors down-regulates matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in articular chondrocytes. Matrix Biol 2002; 21(3)251–262
  • Sui Z, Salto R, Li J, Craik C, Montellano PR. Inhibition of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases by curcumin and curcumin boron complexes. Bioorg Med Chem 1993; 1(6)415–422
  • Barthelemy S, Vergnes L, Moynier M, Guyot D, Labidalle S, Bahraoui E. Curcumin and curcumin derivatives inhibit Tat-mediated transactivation of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. Res Virol 1998; 149(1)43–52
  • Cheng AL, Hsu CH, Lin JK, Hsu MM, Ho YF, Shen TS, Ko JY, Lin JT, Lin BR, Ming-Shiang W, Yu HS, Jee SH, Chen TM, Chen CA, Lai MK, Pu YS, Pan MH, Wang YJ, Tsai CC, Hsieh CY. Phase I clinical trial of curcumin, a chemopreventive agent, in patients with high-risk or pre-malignant lesions. Anticancer Res 2001; 21(4B)2895–2900

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.