The targeting effect of Hm2E8b–NCTD–liposomes on B-lineage leukaemia stem cells is associated with the HLF–SLUG axis

References

• Weinstein IB. Cancer. Addiction to oncogenes-the Achilles heal of cancer. Science. 2002;297:63–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huettner CS, Zhang P, Van Etten RA, et al. Reversibility of acute B-cell leukaemia induced by BCR-ABL1. Nat Genet. 2000;24:57–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabbitts TH. Chromosomal translocations in human cancer. Nature. 1994;372:143–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirose K, Inukai T, Kikuchi J, et al. Aberrant induction of LMO2 by the E2A-HLF chimeric transcription factor and its implication in leukemogenesis of B-precursor ALL with t(17;19). Blood 2010;116:962–970.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shojaei F, Trowbridge J, Gallacher L, et al. Hierarchical and ontogenic positions serve to define the molecular basis of human hematopoietic stem cell behavior. Dev Cell. 2005;8:651–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanova NB, Dimos JT, Schaniel C, et al. A stem cell molecular signature. Science. 2002;298:601–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crable SC, Anderson KP. A PAR domain transcription factor is involved in the expression from a hematopoietic-specific promoter for the human LMO2 gene. Blood 2003;101:4757–4764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inaba T, Roberts WM, Shapiro LH, et al. Fusion of the leucine zipper gene HLF to the E2A gene in human acute B-lineage leukemia. Science 1992;257:531–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren AJ, Colledge WH, Carlton MB, et al. The oncogenic cysteine-rich LIM domain protein rbtn2 is essential for erythroid development. Cell. 1994;78:45–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inukai T, Hirose K, Inaba T, et al. Hypercalcemia in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: frequent implication of parathyroid hormone-related peptide and E2A-HLF from translocation 17;19. Leukemia 2007;21:288–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raimondi SC, Privitera E, Williams DL, et al. New recurring chromosomal translocations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 1991;77:2016–2022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seidel MG, Look AT. E2A-HLF usurps control of evolutionarily conserved survival pathways. Oncogene. 2001;20:5718–5725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith KS, Rhee JW, Cleary ML. Transformation of bone marrow B-cell progenitors by E2a-Hlf requires coexpression of Bcl-2. Mol Cell Biol. 2002;22:7678–7687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith KS, Chanda SK, Lingbeek M, et al. Bmi-1 regulation of INK4A-ARF is a downstream requirement for transformation of hematopoietic progenitors by E2a-Pbx1. Mol Cell. 2003;12:393–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayton PM, Cleary ML. Transformation of myeloid progenitors by MLL oncoproteins is dependent on Hoxa7 and Hoxa9. Genes Dev. 2003;17:2298–2307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorn DC, Kou CA, Png KJ, et al. The effect of cantharidins on leukemic stem cells. Int J Cancer. 2009;124:2186–2199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCluskey A, Ackland SP, Bowyer MC, et al. Cantharidin analogues: synthesis and evaluation of growth inhibition in a panel of selected tumour cell lines. Bioorg Chem. 2003;31:68–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li YM, Casida JE. Cantharidin-binding protein: identification as protein phosphatase 2A. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992; 89:11867–11870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen P. The structure and regulation of protein phosphatases. Annu Rev Biochem. 1989;58:453–508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingebritsen TS, Stewart AA, Cohen P. The protein phosphatases involved in cellular regulation. 6. Measurement of type-1 and type-2 protein phosphatases in extracts of mammalian tissues; an assessment of their physiological roles. Eur J Biochem. 1983;132:297–307.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shenolikar S, Nairn AC. Protein phosphatases: recent progress. Adv Second Messenger Phosphoprotein Res. 1991;23:1–121.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liao HF, Su SL, Chen YJ, et al. Norcantharidin preferentially induces apoptosis in human leukemic Jurkat cells without affecting viability of normal blood mononuclear cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007;45:1678–1687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu XH, Blazsek I, Comisso M, et al. Effects of norcantharidin, a protein phosphatase type-2A inhibitor, on the growth of normal and malignant haemopoietic cells. Eur J Cancer. 1995;31:953–963.
   Google Scholar
• Ikushima S, Inukai T, Inaba T, et al. Pivotal role for the NFIL3/E4BP4 transcription factor in interleukin 3-mediated survival of pro-B lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:2609–2614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang JP, Ying K, Xiao ZY, et al. Analysis of gene expression profiles in human HL-60 cell exposed to cantharidin using cDNA microarray. Int J Cancer. 2004;108:212–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeung J, O'Sullivan E, Hubank M, et al. E4BP4 expression is regulated by the t(17;19)-associated oncoprotein E2A-HLF in pro-B cells. Br J Haematol. 2004;125:560–567.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Tang Y, Li S, et al. Targeting of the B-lineage leukemia stem cells and their progeny with norcantharidin encapsulated liposomes modified with a novel CD19 monoclonal antibody 2E8 in vitro. J Drug Target. 2010;18:675–687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen D, Tang Y, Li S, et al. Successful construction and massive expression of a novel Anti-CD19 human–mouse chimeric antibody Hm2E8b. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother. 2014;33:215–220.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sapra P, Allen TM. Improved outcome when B-cell lymphoma is treated with combinations of immunoliposomal anticancer drugs targeted to both the CD19 and CD20 epitopes. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10:2530–2357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen TM, Mumbengegwi DR, Charrois GJ. Anti-CD19-targeted liposomal doxorubicin improves the therapeutic efficacy in murine B-cell lymphoma and ameliorates the toxicity of liposomes with varying drug release rates. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:3567–3573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iden DL, Allen TM. In vitro and in vivo comparison of immunoliposomes made by conventional coupling techniques with those made by a new post-insertion approach. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001;1513:207–216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crosasso P, Ceruti M, Brusa P, et al. Preparation, characterization and properties of sterically stabilized paclitaxel-containing liposomes. J Control Release. 2000;63:19–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Immordino ML, Brusa P, Arpicco S, et al. Preparation, characterization, cytotoxicity and pharmacokinetics of liposomes containing docetaxel. J Control Release. 2003;91:417–429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodle MC. Surface-modified liposomes: assessment and characterization for increased stability and prolonged blood circulation. Chem Phys Lipids. 1993;64:249–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sapra P, Allen TM. Internalizing antibodies are necessary for improved therapeutic efficacy of antibody-targeted liposomal drugs. Cancer Res. 2002;62:7190–7194.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen YJ, Kuo CD, Tsai YM, et al. Norcantharidin induces anoikis through Jun-N-terminal kinase activation in CT26 colorectal cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs. 2008;19:55–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierenga AT, Schepers H, Moore MA, et al. STAT5-induced self-renewal and impaired myelopoiesis of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells involves down-modulation of C/EBPalpha. Blood. 2006;107:4326–4333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowell IG, Skinner A, Hurst HC. Transcriptional repression by a novel member of the bZIP family of transcription factors. Mol Cell Biol. 1992;12:3070–3077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowell IG, Hurst HC. Transcriptional repression by the human bZIP factor E4BP4: definition of a minimal repression domain. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994;22:59–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W, Zhang J, Kornuc M, et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of NF-IL3A, a transcriptional activator of the human interleukin-3 promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1995;15:6055–6063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuribara R, Kinoshita T, Miyajima A, et al. Two distinct interleukin-3-mediated signal pathways, Ras-NFIL3 (E4BP4) and Bcl-xL, regulate the survival of murine pro-B lymphocytes. Mol Cell Biol. 1999;19:2754–2762.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Look AT. Oncogenic transcription factors in the human acute leukemias. Science. 1997;278:1059–1064.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar