From Awareness to Advocacy: Understanding Nonprofit Communication, Participation, and Support

REFERENCES

• Ajzen , I. , Timko , C. , & White , J. B. ( 1982 ). Self-monitoring and the attitude–behavior relation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 42 , 426 – 435 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldoory , L. , & Sha , B. ( 2007 ). The situational theory of publics: Practical applications, methodological challenges, and theoretical horizons . In E. L. Toth (Ed.), The future of excellence in public relations and communication management (pp. 339 – 355 ). Mahwah , NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Aldoory , L. , Kim , J. , & Tindall , N. ( 2010 ). The influence of perceived shared risk in crisis communication: Elaborating the situational theory of publics . Public Relations Review , 36 , 134 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldoory , L. , & VanDyke , M. ( 2006 ). The roles of perceived “shared” involvement and information overload in understanding how audiences make meaning of news about bioterrorism . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 83 , 346 – 361 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Cancer Society . ( 2010 ). Facts about ACS. Retrieved from http://www.cancer.org/AboutUs/WhoWeAre/acs-fact-sheet
   Google Scholar
• Atwood , L. , & Major , A. ( 1991 ). Applying situational communication theory to an international political problem: Two studies . Journalism Quarterly , 68 , 200 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin , L. , & Halverson , E. ( 2008 ). What drives political activity in college students? An application of the situational theory of publics . Conference Papers – International Communication Association , 1 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Bagozzi , R. P. , Baumgartner , H. , & Youjae , Y. ( 1992 ). State versus action orientation and the theory of reasoned action: An application to coupon usage . Journal of Consumer Research , 18 ( 4 ), 505 – 518 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callegaro , M. , & Disogra , C. ( 2008 ). Computing response metrics for online panels . Public Opinion Quarterly , 72 , 1008 – 1032 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campo , S. , Brossard , D. , Frazer , M. S. , Marchell , T. , Lewis , D. , & Talbot , J. ( 2003 ). Are social norms campaigns really magic bullets? Assessing the effects of students’ misperceptions on drinking behavior . Health Communication , 15 ( 4 ), 481 – 497 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Children's Miracle Network Hospitals . ( n.d. ). Dance marathon. Retrieved from http://dancemarathon.childrensmiraclenetworkhospitals.org/AboutUs
   Google Scholar
• Cho , H. , & Salmon , C. T. ( 2007 ). Unintended effects of health communication campaigns . Journal of Communication , 57 , 293 – 317 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook , C. , Heath , F. , Thompson , R. ( 2000 ). A meta–analysis of response rates in Web- or Internet-based surveys . Educational & Psychological Measurement , 60 , 821 – 837 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillman , D. A. , Smyth , J. D. , & Christian , L. M. ( 2009 ). Internet, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: The tailored design method , (3rd ed.) . Hoboken , NJ : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Falk , S. C. ( 2005 ). Maximizing fundraising's strategic contribution. In W. C. McGinly & K. Renzetti (Eds.) , Expanding the role of philanthropy in health care . Hoboken , NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Fishbein , M. , & Ajzen , I. ( 1975 ). Beliefs, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory research . Reading , MA : Addison-Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• Fishbein , M. , & Ajzen , I. ( 1981 ). Attitudes and voting behaviour: An application of the theory of reasoned action . In G. M. Stephenson & J. M. Davis (Eds.), Progress in applied social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 253 – 313 ). London , England : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Giving USA Foundation . ( 2011 ). Giving USA 2011: The annual report on philanthropy for the year 2010. Retrieved from http://www.givingusareports.org/
   Google Scholar
• Grunig , J , E. ( 1989 ). Sierra Club study shows who becomes activists . Public Relations Review , 15 , 3 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grunig , J. E. ( 1997 ). A situational theory of publics: Conceptual history, recent challenges and new research . In D. Moss , T. MacManus & D. Vercic (Eds.), Public relations research: An international perspective (pp. 3 – 38 ). London , England : International Thomson Business Press .
   Google Scholar
• Grunig , J. E. (2006). Furnishing the edifice: Ongoing research on public relations as a strategic management function. Journal of Public Relations Research , 18, 151–176.
   Google Scholar
• Grunig , J. E. , & Hunt , T. ( 1984 ). Managing public relations . New York , NY : Holt, Rinehart, and Winston .
   Google Scholar
• Hale , J. L. , Householder , B. J. , & Greene , K. L. ( 2002 ). The theory of reasoned action . In J. P. Dillard & M. Pfau (Eds.), The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice (pp. 259 – 286 ). Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton , P. K. ( 1992 ). Grunig's situational theory: A replication, application, and extension . Journal of Public Relations Research , 4 , 123 – 149 .
   Google Scholar
• Jin , B. ( 2007 ). Understanding collective efficacy as shared efforts from theory of reasoned action and situational theory of publics perspectives. Paper presented at the National Communication Association Annual Meeting, November 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Kelly , C. , & Breinlinger , S. ( 1995 ). Attitudes, intentions, and behavior: A study of women's participation in collective action . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 25 , 1430 – 1445 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiessling , A. A. ( 2008 ). Philanthropy is key to rapid life science innovation . Journal of Biolaw and Business , 11 ( 3 ), 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Kim , J. , & Grunig , J. E. ( 2011 ). Problem solving and communicative action: A situational theory of problem solving . Journal of Communication , 61 , 120 – 149 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Major , A. ( 1998 ). The utility of situational theory of publics for assessing public response to a disaster prediction . Public Relations Review , 24 , 489 – 508 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nabi , R. , Southwell , B. , & Hornik , R. ( 2002 ). Predicting intentions versus predicting behaviors: Domestic violence prevention from a theory of reasoned action perspective . Health Communication , 14 , 429 – 449 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niederdeppe , J. ( 2009 ). On the role of public communication campaigns in reducing, maintaining, or widening socioeconomic health behavior disparities. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Annual Convention in Chicago, May 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Niederdeppe , J. , Porticella , N. , & Shapiro , M. A. ( 2012 ). Using theory to identify beliefs associated with support for policies to raise the price of high-fat and high-sugar foods . Journal of Health Communication , 17 , 90 – 104 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noar , S. M. ( 2006 ). A 10-year retrospective of research in health mass media campaigns: Where do we go from here? Journal of Health Communication , 11 , 21 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park , H. , Klein , K. , Smith , S. , & Martell , D. ( 2009 ). Separating subjective norms, university descriptive and injunctive norms, and U.S. descriptive and injunctive norms for drinking behavior intentions . Health Communication , 24 , 746 – 751 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Relay For Life . ( 2010 ). What is Relay For Life? Retrieved from http://www.relayforlife.org/relay/whatisrelay
   Google Scholar
• Sha , B. ( 2006 ). Cultural identity in the segmentation of publics: An emerging theory of intercultural public relations . Journal of Public Relations Research , 18 , 45 – 65 .
   Google Scholar
• Sheppard , B. H. , Hartwick , J. , & Warshaw , P. R. ( 1988 ). The theory of reasoned action: A meta-analysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research . Journal of Consumer Research , 15 , 325 – 343 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel , J. , Alvaro , E. , Lac , A. , Crano , W. , & Dominick , A. ( 2008 ). Intentions of becoming a living organ donor among Hispanics: A theory-based approach exploring differences between living and nonliving organ donation . Journal of Health Communication , 13 , 80 – 99 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silk , K. , Weiner , J. , & Parrott , R. ( 2005 ). Gene cuisine or frankenfood? The theory of reasoned action as an audience segmentation strategy for messages about genetically modified foods . Journal of Health Communication , 10 , 751 – 767 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sriramesh , K. , Moghan , S. , & Kwok Wei , D. ( 2007 ). The situational theory of publics in a different cultural setting: Consumer publics in Singapore . Journal of Public Relations Research , 19 , 307 – 332 .
   Google Scholar
• St. Jude Children's Research Hospital . ( n.d. ). Up ’til Dawn. Retrieved from www.stjude.org/utd
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick , B. G. , & Fidell , L. S. ( 2007 ). Using multivariate statistics . Boston , MA : Pearson Education .
   Google Scholar
• Wallack , L. , Dorfman , L. , Jernigan , D. , & Themba , M. ( 1993 ). Media advocacy and public health: Power for prevention . Newbury Park , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , X. ( 2009 ). Integrating the theory of planned behavior and attitude functions: Implications for health campaign design . Health Communication , 24 , 426 – 434 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werder , K. ( 2006 ). Responding to activism: An experimental analysis of public relations strategy influence on attributes of publics . Journal of Public Relations Research , 18 , 335 – 356 .
   Google Scholar
• Werder , K. , & Schuch , A. ( 2008 ). Communicating for social change: An experimental analysis of activist message strategy effect on receiver variables. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Annual Meeting, May 2008.
   Google Scholar