194
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Prediction of tissue and urine concentrations of 2-phenoxyethanol and its metabolite 2-phenoxyacetic acid in rat and human after oral and dermal exposures via GastroPlusTM physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling

, &
Pages 323-339 | Received 13 Dec 2021, Accepted 01 Mar 2022, Published online: 18 Mar 2022

References

  • A.M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G.A. Burton Jr., J. Buschmann, M.L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, M. Francis, A.D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, S. La Cava, A. Lapczynski, D.C. Liebler, D. O’Brien, A. Patel, T.M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, D. Salvito, T.W. Schultz, I.G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura, and S. Tsang, RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, 2-phenoxyethanol, CAS registry number 122-99-6, Food Chem. Toxicol. 130 (2019), pp. 110629. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2019.110629.
  • A. Hartwig, 2‐Phenoxyethanol-MAK Value Documentation, 2017, (2019), doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/3527600418.mb12299kske6319.
  • J.A. Troutman, D.L. Rick, S.B. Stuard, J. Fisher, and M.J. Bartels, Development of a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of 2-phenoxyethanol and its metabolite phenoxyacetic acid in rats and humans to address toxicokinetic uncertainty in risk assessment, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 73 (2015), pp. 530–543. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.07.012.
  • T.H. Kim, M.G. Kim, M.G. Kim, B.S. Shin, K.B. Kim, J.B. Lee, S.H. Paik, and S.D. Yoo, Simultaneous determination of phenoxyethanol and its major metabolite, phenoxyacetic acid, in rat biological matrices by LC-MS/MS with polarity switching: Application to ADME studies, Talanta 144 (2015), pp. 29–38. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.075.
  • B. Dreno, T. Zuberbier, C. Gelmetti, G. Gontijo, and M. Marinovich, Safety review of phenoxyethanol when used as a preservative in cosmetics, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 33 (2019), pp. 15–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15944.
  • S.C.o.C.S. (SCCS), Request for a scientific opinion for the use of phenoxyethanol (CASn.122-99-6) as preservative, (2013). Available at http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_q_093.pdf
  • J. Louisse, E. de Jong, J.J. van de Sandt, B.J. Blaauboer, R.A. Woutersen, A.H. Piersma, I.M. Rietjens, and M. Verwei, The use of in vitro toxicity data and physiologically based kinetic modeling to predict dose-response curves for in vivo developmental toxicity of glycol ethers in rat and man, Toxicol. Sci. 118 (2010), pp. 470–484. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq270.
  • S.C.o.C.S. (SCCS), Opinion on Phenoxyethanol, The SCCS adopted opinion at its 2nd plenary meeting (2016). European Commission, Health and Food Safety, L-2920, Luxembourg.
  • S.M. Hays, B.A. Elswick, G.M. Blumenthal, F. Welsch, R.B. Conolly, and M.L. Gargas, Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of 2-methoxyethanol and 2-methoxyacetic acid disposition in pregnant rats, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 163 (2000), pp. 67–74. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1999.8836.
  • M. Kwon, J.B. Park, M. Kwon, J. Song, C.S. Yeo, and S.H. Bae, Pharmacokinetics of 2-phenoxyethanol and its major metabolite, phenoxyacetic acid, after dermal and inhaled routes of exposure: Application to development PBPK model in rats, Arch. Toxicol. 95 (2021), pp. 2019–2036. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-021-03041-z.
  • D. Howes, Absorption and metabolism of 2-phenoxyethanol in rat and man, 15th IFSCC Int. Congr. Cosmet. Sci. 3 (1991), pp. 415–434.
  • R. Ben-Dyke, R. Ashby, A. Bhatt, and A.J. Newman, Phenoxyethanol: Toxicity in oral administration to rats for thirteen weeks., from COLIPA, 1980. Summaries of Submissions I and II on Phenoxyethanol. COLIPA report no. 77/NLL5/375 (1977).
  • M. J, Japan industrial safety and health association drinking water 13-week study of 2-phenoxyethanol in F344 rats, Japan Bioassay Res. Center, Study No. 0459, 2003.
  • A.T. McCoy, M.J. Bartels, D.L. Rick, and S.A. Saghir, TK modeler version 1.0, a Microsoft(R) Excel(R)-based modeling software for the prediction of diurnal blood/plasma concentration for toxicokinetic use, Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 63 (2012), pp. 333–343. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.04.002.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.