The moderating role of emotional reactivity in the link between parental hostility and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescence

References

• Ata, R. N., Ludden, A. B., & Lally, M. M. (2007). The effects of gender and family, friend, and media influences on eating behaviors and body image during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 1024–1037. doi:10.1007/s10964-006-9159-x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brockmeyer, T., Skunde, M., Wu, M., Bresslein, E., Rudofsky, G., Herzog, W., & Friederich, H. C. (2014). Difficulties in emotion regulation across the spectrum of eating disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55, 565–571. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.12.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butzlaff, R. L., & Hooley, J. M. (1998). Expressed emotion and psychiatric relapse: A meta-analysis. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 547–552. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.6.547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cance, J. D., Loukas, A., & Talley, A. E. (2015). The differential associations of internalizing symptoms and family and school relationships with disordered eating attitudes among early adolescents. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 32, 41–56. doi:10.1177/0265407514523551
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conger, R. D., & Ge, X. (1999). Conflict and cohesion in parent-adolescent relations: Changes in emotional expression from early to mid-adolescence. In M. Cox, & J. Brooks-Gunn (Eds.), Conflict and cohesion in families: Causes and consequences (pp. 185–206). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Conger, R. D., Wallace, L. E., Sun, Y., Simons, R. L., McLoyd, V. C., & Brody, G. H. (2002). Economic pressure in African American families: A replication and extension of the family stress model. Developmental Psychology, 38, 179–193. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.2.179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connell, A. M., & Dishion, T. J. (2008). Reducing depression among at-risk early adolescents: Three-year effects of a family-centered intervention embedded within schools. Journal of Family Psychology, 22, 574–585. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairburn, C. G., Cooper, Z., & Shafran, R. (2003). Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: A “transdiagnostic” theory and treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 509–528. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00088-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gale, C. J., Cluett, E. R., & Laver-Bradbury, C. (2013). A review of the father-child relationship in the development and maintenance of adolescent anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 36, 48–69. doi:10.3109/01460862.2013.779764
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harrison, A., Sullivan, S., Tchanturia, K., & Treasure, J. (2010). Emotional functioning in eating disorders: Attentional bias, emotion recognition and emotion regulation. Psychological Medicine, 40, 1887–1897. doi:10.1017/S0033291710000036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harter, S. (1988). Manual for the self-perception profile for adolescents. Denver, CO: University of Denver.
   Google Scholar
• Haworth-Hoeppner, S. (2000). The critical shapes of body image: The role of culture and family in the production of eating disorders. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 212–227. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00212.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynos, A. F., & Fruzzetti, A. E. (2011). Anorexia nervosa as a disorder of emotion dysregulation: Evidence and treatment implications. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 18, 183–202. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2011.01250.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedlund, S., Fichter, M. M., Quadflieg, N., & Brandl, C. (2003). Expressed emotion, family environment, and parental bonding in bulimia nervosa: A 6-year investigation. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 8, 26–35. doi:10.1007/BF03324986
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobi, C., Hayward, C., De Zwaan, M., Kraemer, H. C., & Agras, W. S. (2004). Coming to terms with risk factors for eating disorders: Application of risk terminology and suggestions for a general taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 19–65. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Kasen, S., & Brook, J. S. (2002). Childhood adversities associated with risk for eating disorders or weight problems during adolescence or early adulthood. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 394–400. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.3.394
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keel, P. K., & Forney, K. J. (2013). Psychosocial risk factors for eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 46, 433–439. doi:10.1002/eat.22094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lam, C. B., & McHale, S. M. (2012). Developmental patterns and family predictors of adolescent weight concerns: A replication and extension. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45, 524–530. doi:10.1002/eat.20974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, M. P., & Smolak, L. (1992). Toward a model of the developmental psychopathology of eating disorders: The example of early adolesence. In J. H. Crowther, D. L. Tennenbaum, S. E. Hobfoll, & M. Parris Stephens (Eds.), The etiology of bulimia nervosa: The individual and familial context (pp. 59–80). Washington D.C.: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1, 130–149. doi:10.1037//1082-989X.1.2.130
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, A. L., Kim, J. Y., McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. C. (2006). Parent-adolescent relationships and the development of weight concerns from early to late adolescence. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39, 729–740. doi:10.1002/eat.20285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McBride, B. A., Schoppe, S. J., & Rane, T. R. (2002). Child characteristics, parenting stress, and parental involvement: Fathers versus mothers. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 998–1011. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00998.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKnight Investigators. (2003). Risk factors for the onset of eating disorders in adolescent girls: Results of the McKnight longitudinal risk factor study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 248–254. doi:10.1176/ajp.160.2.248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16, 361–388. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00389.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institutes of Health. (2012). Study overview. Retrieved from https://www.nichd.nih.gov/research/supported/seccyd/Pages/overview.aspx#instruments
   Google Scholar
• Nock, M. K., Wedig, M. M., Holmberg, E. B., & Hooley, J. M. (2008). The emotion reactivity scale: Development, evaluation, and relation to self-injurious thoughts and behaviors. Behavior Therapy, 39, 107–116. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2007.05.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polivy, J., & Herman, C. P. (2002). Causes of eating disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 187–213. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., & Coffman, D. L. (2006). Computing power and minimum sample size for RMSEA. Retrieved from http://quantpsy.org
   Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., Curran, P. J., & Bauer, D. J. (2006). Computational tools for probing interactions in multiple linear regression, multilevel modeling, and latent curve analysis. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 31, 437–448. doi:10.3102/10769986031004437
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosen, K. (1996). The principles of developmental psychopathology: Illustration from the study of eating disorders. In L. Smolak, M. P. Levine, & R. H. Striegel-Moore (Eds.), The developmental psychopathology of eating disorders: Implications for research, prevention, and treatment (pp. 3–29). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Sancho, C., Arija, M. V., Asorey, O., & Canals, J. (2007). Epidemiology of eating disorders. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 16, 495–504. doi:10.1007/s00787-007-0625-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shields, A., & Cicchetti, D. (1997). Emotion regulation among school-age children: The development and validation of a new criterion Q-sort scale. Developmental Psychology, 33, 906–916. doi:10.1037//0012-1649.33.6.906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spanos, A., Klump, K. L., Burt, S. A., McGue, M., & Iacono, W. G. (2010). A longitudinal investigation of the relationship between disordered eating attitudes and behaviors and parent child conflict: A monozygotic twin differences design. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119, 293–299. doi:10.1037/a0019028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stice, E., Shaw, H., & Marti, C. N. (2007). A meta-analytic review of eating disorder prevention programs: Encouraging findings. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 3, 207–231. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091447
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stice, E., Shaw, H., & Nemeroff, C. (1998). Dual pathway model of bulimia nervosa: Longitudinal support for dietary restraint and affect-regulation mechanisms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 129–149. doi:10.1521/jscp.1998.17.2.129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Striegel-Moore, R. H., & Bulik, C. M. (2007). Risk factors for eating disorders. American Psychologist, 62, 181–198. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.62.3.181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, R. A., & Meyer, S. (2007). Socialization of emotion regulation in the family. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (1st ed., pp. 249–268). New York: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wade, T. D., Bulik, C. M., & Kendler, K. S. (2001). Investigation of quality of the parental relationship as a risk factor for subclinical bulimia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 30, 389–400. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1098-108X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wade, T. D., Gillespie, N., & Martin, N. G. (2007). A comparison of early family life events amongst monozygotic twin women with lifetime anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or major depression. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 679–686. doi:10.1002/eat
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanden-Berghe, R. G., Sanz-Valero, J., & Wanden-Berghe, C. (2010). The application of mindfulness to eating disorders treatment: A systematic review. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 19, 34–48. doi:10.1080/10640266.2011.533604
   Google Scholar